Mikhail Litvak: Every thing, event, feeling man gives its meaning Bashny.Net

People with mental problems, imbalance have always existed, as well as people with deppsive disorders, increased anxiety, passionate uncontrollable inclinations, thirst for power.

Along with this, there were also fools, schizophrenics and disabled people, patients with syphilis and lepers, freaks and infirm. There were so many of them and their physical ailments were so obvious that no one singled out people with psychological problems and saw no sense in their treatment.





Therefore, for a very long time people lived through their crises and problems, shocks and fears - alone, without the help of anyone.. One could turn to the Holy Father, who tried to help with prayers and exhortations, but this did not help everyone. So people either struggled with the disorders themselves, or succumbed to them and went into all seriousness.

After humanity learned to cope with common physical illnesses and severe forms of mental disorders, people paid attention to their emotional experiences and disorders. In modern times, there was the destruction of established centuries-old traditions and the emergence of personal responsibility for each person’s life and choice. For many, this is a serious psychological burden.

Every person, regardless of the country of residence, faces the following traumatic factors in his life:

- those circumstances that are related to social and cultural factors;

negative impact of the media;

personal experiences and difficulties of personal life.

The first factor is expressed in the market system of our lives – constant competition. Our life consists of non-stop running and trying to get ahead of someone – on the career ladder, in personal life, everywhere. Competitive spirit has its big drawbacks - it's intrigue, bandwagons, quarrels. In addition, our lives are filled with economic and political upheavals and social change.

The next factor in the destabilization of the psyche is our media, which all day tell us about disasters, terrorist attacks, grief. After perestroika, the Russian media began to copy Western media, and not very successfully, taking the most negative aspects of manipulating mass consciousness through its disharmonization.

Let’s look at some examples of television and media.

Example 1. The world is a disaster.

That’s what we hear all day on all channels – peace is a constant mess, killing, bombing, armed conflict. The entire news release is based only on negative news, supplemented by natural disasters, fires and so on. All day long, this news is repeated in circles, and if a person turns on the TV or radio in the morning, he immediately plunges into all this horror. Journalists tell in detail about the victims, the operators diligently make the most difficult shots with the affected people and places of catastrophic events. And then the Russian viewer cannot escape from anxiety and the feeling that everything in this world is very bad.

Example 2. Peace is a crime.

In addition to the above, news and programs are supplemented by detailed reports about murderers, maniacs, rapists. There are many separate programs dedicated to them, as if they are the stars of the TV screen. The average person has a feeling that only bad things happen, there are no happy people in the country and in the world who build families and enjoy life. Carefully sown fear settles in the heads of people, it is fed by neuroses, stress, depression, the psyche is greatly weakened.

Example 3. Peace is a bright adventure.

Action movies, thrillers, fantastic movies – all this fills the television. A person looks at constant chases, shooting, fights, relationships reduced to physical needs. We have a generation grown up on such television and for them aggression, rudeness, impoliteness in behavior is the norm.

Example 4. The world is a cynical clown.

Another feature of modern media is the desacralization of what used to be sacred and traditional. We see politicians who can mud each other and ridicule each other, low-grade humorous programs, ridiculing all of our reality and problems at the level of an obscene buffoon. All this gives rise to even greater confidence in the hopelessness of the situation, that everything is bad and will be even worse ahead.

Change for the better can only happen with a change in the direction of all our media. Otherwise, if everything is so bad, there is only murder and violence, hopelessness and stupidity in the world, you do not want to live in such a world. And this mood among our citizens is already manifested in childhood suicides, depressions of adults and the elderly, and the degradation of the population.

It is very important for the emerging government in the country to try to create a media with a healthy spiritual attitude, which will show citizens that we live a normal human happy life.

Third The factor of nervous disorders of modern man is his personal fate. It is his individual development, successful or unsuccessful childhood, which affects the formation of the personality, further development, hopes and their unrealizability, personal dramas. Global changes in life, the collapse of the life plan - such events knock a person out of balance.

A person is quite capable of overcoming shocks on his own or at least trying to do it. F. Vasilyuk identified 4 ways to deal with psychological traumas and crises, based on his work, we will get acquainted with these types.

Hedonistic experience - it is based on emotions, experiences and feelings, as well as the pleasure derived from it all. Such an experience is characteristic of a person sensual and infantile, aimed at obtaining pleasure.

At any shock, the person pretends that nothing has happened - this is a defensive reaction. For example, a loving person at the loss of a loved one, continues to pretend that everything is fine, cares about the already non-existent person, continues to talk about him. Such an experience is itself a type of neurosis, it does not eliminate the problem, but only creates an illusion in which a person does not suffer from a catastrophe.

Realistic experience is the experience of a person who admits what happened, who accepts the trouble and tries to cope with the piled up grief with all his might. In such a situation, patience is actively used, because the situation does not have any pleasant sensations and you just have to wait for everything to pass. There are two options - a person either simply endures and waits for it to pass, or begins to hope and believe in the best. If there is an opportunity to correct the situation, then he does his best, thus trying to overcome the reality that brings discomfort.

But patience is not endless and, if the situation does not change for the better, a person may become tired, panic and turn to surrogates. Usually, surrogates are a sharp change in a corrupted relationship with society. For example, I did not become a designer – I will go to plumbing! I did not have a relationship with Katya – I will marry Julia. For some people, this method helps to get out of problems, soften the blow and start over.

Value experience is characteristic of a person with a rich and developed inner world. There are situations when external events contradict internal values, or there is an inner struggle of values. For example, when lower values conflict with higher values, the higher ones often win. So, if necessary to defend the Motherland, a person abandons his personal interests and career, and goes to war. If a person struggles with equal values (career and love), then this struggle brings a lot of suffering, because in the end you need to make some decision.

Value experience helps to find new meanings with various losses, and analyzing the situation, switch to other values. But sometimes beliefs are so strong that no circumstances will force a person to change them.





People in different ways try to pull themselves out of crisis situations and depression.But there are still factors that accompany and help them in this difficult business. Consider these factors:

Support for loved ones

Beliefs and worldviews determined by the cultural environment

- psychotherapeutic literature available today, which helps to understand the situation and in their reactions to it.

Support for loved ones is the most important factorAfter all, loved ones are the best psychotherapists, they will listen, support and be close to a person during a difficult period. This important point was revealed by Maslow, he noted that interesting events, communication with loved ones, their support helps to get out of difficult crises.

Each system of worldview has a number of its attitudes and ideas, which are also able to help a person and serve him as a support. In the worldview there are always views and bright goals, principles that remind a person that you need to find a way out of the most difficult situation and move forward.





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In the 20th century, phenomenology proved that a person can be his own psychotherapist.Because only he defines his meaning. To every thing, event, feeling, man gives his meaning, and every neurotic state is also colored by the individual himself. If a person is depressed, it means that he sees only the negative side of events and meanings, and only he can, working on himself, try to see different manifestations of life.

A psychotherapist only directs his wards, and no one will take steps inside himself for a person. Therefore, a person can, reading manuals and books on an exciting issue, try to change their ideas in the bright side. Everything will work out if we want to, because we are the most loyal and best friend, and our soul is in our hands. published



Author: Mikhail Litvak







Source: litvak.me/statyi/article_post/sam-sebe-psikhoterapevt