10 characteristics of the organism, which occur in only 5% of the inhabitants of the Earth

We are all different, this is perfectly normal, but a small number of us have rare features that occur literally in a few percent of people.

Today,the Website will tell you about some. Some of them are just nice features appearance, but there are those that will be envied Superman.

Incredibly durable bones





Studying the gene LRP5 (he is responsible for the mineralization of bones), the scientists found a lot of mutations. Most of them cause diseases accompanied by bone fragility, such as osteoporosis.

But it turned out that there is another type of mutation in the LRP5 gene. It gives people totally the bones, which are almost impossible to break, and skin that is less prone to aging.

Of course, this sounds very cool, but it has its drawbacks. For example, when a certain elderly patient needed replacement of worn-out joint, it failed because of overly dense bones men.



The "Golden" blood





Of course, the blood can not be Golden in the literal sense, but there is a blood with a very rare condition — zero RH-factor. In other words, it contains no antigens.

For the first time this peculiarity was discovered in 1961, representatives of the Australian aborigines, and currently it is known only about 40 people with this blood (that, however, does not mean that there are only 40).

9 of them are donors, and incredibly valuable because of their blood suitable for any recipient. And it is because of the value and rarity of some doctors call blood with zero RH-factor gold.



Long Palmar muscle





This muscle — atavism. It is the "heritage" of our ancestors and is responsible for the release of claws and enhances grip when jumping from tree to tree.

To check if you have it, it is easy: put your hand on a flat surface palm up, close together along the little finger and thumb, and then slightly lift them.

If you see a bunch on your wrist, so you are the owner of the long Palmar muscle. But don't worry if you have not found in modern life it is useless.



Genetic chimerism





In Greek mythology a Chimera is described as a creature with the head and neck of a lion, the body of a goat and serpent's tail. Of course, one cannot be half an animal, but it may well be 2 sets of DNA. For example, in the case that during fetal development, the embryo absorbs his twin.

Sometimes this is reflected in the appearance of the person as a "mosaic" of the skin or different colored eyes, but most often he does not suspect that in his body there are tissues with different sets of genes.

Chimerism does not bring people much concern, but can cause family problems. A case where the mother wanted the children to be removed, as the genetic analysis showed that she was not with them in relationship. Fortunately, it turned out that the woman was suffering from chimerism, so the actual "mother" her children were her "absorbed" twin whose DNA was present in her body.



A double row of eyelashes





The presence of a second row of eyelashes caused by a rare genetic deviation called "distichia". The most famous owner of "double" eyelashes have been a Hollywood star Elizabeth Taylor.

When Liz was little, her mother even criticized the fact that she allegedly tinted daughter's eyes — including unusually expressive they were with this mutation.

Distiches, as a rule, does not bring any inconvenience to those who have it. But in some cases a second row of eyelashes can be too close to the mucous membrane of the eyes and cause irritation.



The hole near the ear





You may have noticed some people have a tiny hole next to the ear like a piercing without an earring. It parotid fistula, it is formed during fetal development and occurs in approximately 5% of people.

It is assumed that it is a kind of atavism, a reminder that the ancestors of all living creatures were once gills. This "hole" is often genetically inherited and may be present only on one or on both ears.

At the request of the sinus can be removed surgically, but by itself it is not dangerous, but in some cases can become inflamed.



Additional edges





The "extra" ribs are often found in the beautiful half of humanity. Apparently, for this reason, some people believe that women are born with a greater number of ribs than men, but in fact it is not.

These ribs also called the cervical, because they are localized in the cervical spine. Their size different people have differently — someone they are small growths, while others are full-fledged ribs.

These edges in most cases do not affect the health and well-being of a man, but sometimes they reach impressive sizes, and can cause discomfort.



The ability to perceive the "invisible" color



Another feature that is more common in women, tetrachromacy, or the ability to distinguish between shades of color much better than do ordinary people.

If we are looking at a dandelion, can you describe the color as yellow, then the person-tetrachromat will see a whole range of shades. This condition is caused by mutations in the X chromosome and gives people more cones (parts of the eye that absorb light waves).

Most people have 3 types of cones — they are determined to wave the red, blue and green colors, and tetrachromates their 4. It is this difference allows them to see up to 99 million colors, while an ordinary man takes not more than 1 million



Little need for sleep





Perhaps these people were more fortunate than the rest in our list. They are able to fully recover twice as faster than most of us. Among those who were Margaret Thatcher, Salvador Dali, Winston Churchill, Nikola Tesla and other prominent personalities.

And it's not only in the correct mode of the day, but also in the gene DEC2, a small mutation which was detected in malospyaschih people. Scientists from the University of California San Francisco came to the conclusion that people with a mutation of the gene DEC2 can perform all the same tasks in less time.

In other words, they sleep better than all the rest. But how do they do it? The answer to this question is yet to be found.



The impossibility of rising cholesterol





And another very small group of lucky people — they can eat almost anything without thinking how it will affect their cholesterol. The risk of developing heart disease in such people are reduced by as much as 90 %.

The fact that they lack working copies of the gene PCSK9, and while the "underdevelopment" of the genes usually entails the problem, in this case it is an advantage.

This discovery decided to take pharmaceutical company and started working on creating a drug that would block PCSK9 from other people.



What feature do you have? Let us know in the comments.





Photos on the preview kiarasapinoso/twitter.com


See also
12 myths about the human body that it's time to forget
6 evidence of evolution preserved in your body
12 evidence that in the body nothing happens for a reason


via yalemedicine.yale.edu/autumn2002/news/findings/53806/