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How to build a wood-burning fireplace at the cottage
Bashny.Net
If to speak about the problems of heating with a head cold, the fireplace — a subject not the first necessity in a country house. The simplest calculation of the calorific value shows that it is not suitable for long-term heating and to provide economical heat in the country in the cold season.
Ninety five million one hundred fifty seven thousand four hundred twenty four
No wonder the design was born in very different climatic conditions.
Why you need a fireplace in the country?Why can't we rely on a fireplace as a source of long-term heating? The fact that he heats the house with radiant energy that occurs on hot surfaces of chimney walls. Yes, it quickly heats the room. However, the heat is felt only when the burning fire.
Twenty nine million three hundred eighty thousand nine hundred fifteen
The fireplace is not designed for long-term preservation of heat: he gives it only at the moment of combustion. That's how much wood or coal it is necessary to store, to keep the fire? And the presence of Stoker too. Although we are from this figure, neither heat nor cold, but the efficiency of fire of the cave is about 15%. Almost like a steam locomotive. In other words, it is a pity wood.
However, from the point of view of a country of romance and the strengthening of family values, the fireplace, no doubt, occupies a Central place in the house. Crackling firewood and live fire in an open furnace (but preferably behind a transparent screen made of refractory glass), which you can watch endlessly fascinates, soothes and relaxes. This is the signature attraction of the fireplace, which distinguishes it from a conventional oven. To paraphrase the poet Mark Sadowski, "not for the fire like a fireplace for a close circle of friends". Or, at least, close relatives and neighbors.
So the fireplace in the country — a common occurrence. And the algorithm of its self-built is not so complicated, the main thing — to provide all the details related to the design and preparation of the venue, and choose high-quality building materials. And their total weight will be about one and a half tons.
Twenty seven million four hundred ninety eight thousand eight hundred fifty two
Of course, under such a heavy object would require a separate Foundation. Because no gender will not withstand such loads. So it's all very seriously, and think about the fireplace and its location should be already at the design stage of all suburban homes.
Where to put the fireplace?To improve the efficiency of a fireplace is possible at the expense of a competent choice of a place. The main thing that he was blocked from drafts, so do not install it in front of the Windows and doors. Optimally to build a fireplace at an inner wall of the room. After all, hypothetically putting it on the outer wall, we will heat the "outside".
Eighteen million one hundred ninety one thousand one hundred eighty
Cottage house must be properly insulated to keep the warmth from the fireplace. The room in which you plan to install, should not be less than 20 sq. m. Otherwise the fire will not have enough volume of air to the furnace, and he will "choke". In this case, it is necessary to consider additional supply air specially for the fireplace. If the building already has a ventilation (with infrequent guest in the cottages), for the period of operation of the fireplace it needs to be adjusted to the mode of excess air inflow over outflow.
Designers recommend to pay a fireplace in the center of the room to admire the flames. Decorating the interior, don't put curtains and other flammable objects near the fireplace: one never knows, sparks may escape from the firebox to the outside!
Craft tips Considering the components of the country house, we almost always insist on the need for a literacy project. This also applies to the fireplace portal. Here we need accurate calculation. After all, if the fireplace is too large, the house will be drafty, and if small — room will be warmed bad. The figures below will help you navigate. So, when designing take into account the following requirements:
Building a fireplace The first step is to purchase building materials. It is better to combine a fireplace made of baked ceramic bricks or stone, as the technology is similar to conventional masonry oven. No innovations like multislot brick is not needed. The usual full-bodied red will be fine. White silicate brick is almost no use in masonry fireplaces, it is not his scope.
Ninety two million nine hundred forty six thousand four hundred thirty four
In addition to traditional red need fire brick for firebox — refractory. Mortar for masonry fireplace body is made from clay, quartz sand and water. And the Foundation should be put on cimentoacademy solution.
Fifty two million six hundred thirty thousand three hundred seventy two
Attention: production of dry construction mixtures is one of the most popular counterfeit businesses in this industry and on the market to get the trash in the bag very simple. But there are nice, you might say, encouraging exceptions. Company KNAUF mark the bags with pinpoint accuracy. Moreover, these figures mark clearly visible. In one warehouse, one market the container, all bags should be with close timestamps, but all different.
Fans of avant-garde solutions is ready to build a concrete fireplace. The justification can any gratuitous cement, or the acute shortage of bricks, or the desire for originality. After all, to erect the formwork, tie rebar and vibrate concrete mix — work for everybody. And with the worst thermal results.
Facing the fireplace facade is done in a variety of materials: natural or artificial stone tiles, ceramic or marble tiles. On the construction markets, you can find ready-made sets for a fireplace, where included, in addition to facing materials, including grout and all necessary detail work.
Eighty nine million three hundred ninety five thousand one hundred twelve
When developing the overall concept of the room design you can use the same veneer and to adjacent surfaces, as is done in the photo. Because the fireplace organically fit into the interior. But all this should be solved at the design stage and not at the last moment.
Fireplace: undisputed truth There are several normative documents which must be executed the construction and installation of flues (tubes) for fireplaces. It:
The wall and indigenous flues must be lined with a solid red ceramic bricks of the highest quality (grade not lower than M100), normal firing, without cracks and impurities. The thickness of joints of masonry shall be not more than 10 mm. is Absolutely not allowed leaky seams. From the point of view of fire resistance, the thickness of the brick flue should not be less than 120 mm, Its inner surface should be smooth, exposed. Outside brick flue is in the loft (attic) the room should be plastered and whitewashed. It is prohibited to place it near the elements of truss construction. Distance from the inner surface of the flue (size of cuts) to protected combustible construction buildings shall be not less than 250 mm, and vulnerable — not less than 380 mm. space between the chimney and the structures of the roof that should be mended apron from a roofing steel. One caution indicates a limited selection of places of installation of the fireplace. It is desirable to mount the smoke channels, and vertically, without ledges. Although, if the interior layout does not allow, allowed channels with the shoulder at an angle not more than 30° to the vertical and horizontal deflection of not more than 1 m. If the smoke channel of rectangular section, the internal dimensions must be at least 140х270 mm. And when used with a steel sandwich-the chimney of circular cross section, its internal diameter must not exceed 200 mm.
Flue duct can serve as a lightweight steel coaxial (tube in tube) a flue with a layer of basalt fibers between the shells. Here I would like to warn future users from using cheap imitations. You may reasonably ask what the difference is. The fact that the basalt material can be different:
Summary: coaxial duct factory production with high quality fire retardant basalt material completely removes the problem of delivering waste combustion gases into the atmosphere.
And a few words about the rules of fire safety:
Once a year, be sure to check flues, the condition of their inner wall and there are no soot. To clean the smoke channel is necessary before the heating season and during it no less than 1 time in 2 months. Those who ignore these rules, expect the unexpected ignition of soot and.... Let your imagination will draw that picture alone. Although he did not see, but the stories of the son who witnessed this incident, "... against the dark winter sky, the tip of the iron red-hot chimney glowed a cherry color."
The premiere of the furnaceProfessionals suggest not to heat the fireplace in the first month after its Assembly. And this is understandable: the cementing solutions are gaining strength and dry with natural moisture. Why take them in such a crucial moment?
Fifty five million one hundred forty four thousand nine hundred sixty one
The next stage — a trial furnace:
Eight million six hundred ninety nine thousand two hundred twelve
Readers will easily share their experience of making the fire extra romantic attributes. So, to produce a beautiful flame picture to the logs, you can add chopped stumps and roots, and to produce a pleasant smell — the branches of cherry and juniper. Of course, it is necessary to use dry wood as wet wood leads to poor combustion and pollution components of the fireplace.
The duration and intensity depend on:
From these conditions need effective contact of the wood with oxygen follow different tips on laying wood in the fireplace. I will not repeat well-known truths about laying the wood well approximately 1/3-2/3 of the height of the furnace. After several inserts you will succeed empirically. The important thing is that when laying the logs should not be placed very tightly — in this case there might be a lack of oxygen. About what the negative effect of that is written above.
The fireplace at the cottage creates a charming atmosphere of comfort. Sturdy, well-built subject to the rules of fire safety the hearth will be for many years to delight you with the beauty and warmth of live fire. published
P. S. And remember, only by changing their consumption — together we change the world! ©
Source: www.7dach.ru/Oleg_Sanko/kak-postroit-drovyanoy-kamin-na-dache-63253.html
Ninety five million one hundred fifty seven thousand four hundred twenty four
No wonder the design was born in very different climatic conditions.
Why you need a fireplace in the country?Why can't we rely on a fireplace as a source of long-term heating? The fact that he heats the house with radiant energy that occurs on hot surfaces of chimney walls. Yes, it quickly heats the room. However, the heat is felt only when the burning fire.
Twenty nine million three hundred eighty thousand nine hundred fifteen
The fireplace is not designed for long-term preservation of heat: he gives it only at the moment of combustion. That's how much wood or coal it is necessary to store, to keep the fire? And the presence of Stoker too. Although we are from this figure, neither heat nor cold, but the efficiency of fire of the cave is about 15%. Almost like a steam locomotive. In other words, it is a pity wood.
However, from the point of view of a country of romance and the strengthening of family values, the fireplace, no doubt, occupies a Central place in the house. Crackling firewood and live fire in an open furnace (but preferably behind a transparent screen made of refractory glass), which you can watch endlessly fascinates, soothes and relaxes. This is the signature attraction of the fireplace, which distinguishes it from a conventional oven. To paraphrase the poet Mark Sadowski, "not for the fire like a fireplace for a close circle of friends". Or, at least, close relatives and neighbors.
So the fireplace in the country — a common occurrence. And the algorithm of its self-built is not so complicated, the main thing — to provide all the details related to the design and preparation of the venue, and choose high-quality building materials. And their total weight will be about one and a half tons.
Twenty seven million four hundred ninety eight thousand eight hundred fifty two
Of course, under such a heavy object would require a separate Foundation. Because no gender will not withstand such loads. So it's all very seriously, and think about the fireplace and its location should be already at the design stage of all suburban homes.
Where to put the fireplace?To improve the efficiency of a fireplace is possible at the expense of a competent choice of a place. The main thing that he was blocked from drafts, so do not install it in front of the Windows and doors. Optimally to build a fireplace at an inner wall of the room. After all, hypothetically putting it on the outer wall, we will heat the "outside".
Eighteen million one hundred ninety one thousand one hundred eighty
Cottage house must be properly insulated to keep the warmth from the fireplace. The room in which you plan to install, should not be less than 20 sq. m. Otherwise the fire will not have enough volume of air to the furnace, and he will "choke". In this case, it is necessary to consider additional supply air specially for the fireplace. If the building already has a ventilation (with infrequent guest in the cottages), for the period of operation of the fireplace it needs to be adjusted to the mode of excess air inflow over outflow.
Designers recommend to pay a fireplace in the center of the room to admire the flames. Decorating the interior, don't put curtains and other flammable objects near the fireplace: one never knows, sparks may escape from the firebox to the outside!
Craft tips Considering the components of the country house, we almost always insist on the need for a literacy project. This also applies to the fireplace portal. Here we need accurate calculation. After all, if the fireplace is too large, the house will be drafty, and if small — room will be warmed bad. The figures below will help you navigate. So, when designing take into account the following requirements:
- The size of the basement fireplace at the depth of about 1.5 m.
- Predtopochnyh the ledge of the landing shall be not less than 1.5 m in length and 20 — 30 cm at the sides.
- The walls of the furnace should be inclined (to have a negative tilt angle): this allows better to reflect radiant heat.
- The area of the hearth of the firebox should be equal to 70% of the area of the portal.
- Internal section of the blower shall be not less than 200 sq cm
- The height of the portal — more than double the depth of the firebox.
Building a fireplace The first step is to purchase building materials. It is better to combine a fireplace made of baked ceramic bricks or stone, as the technology is similar to conventional masonry oven. No innovations like multislot brick is not needed. The usual full-bodied red will be fine. White silicate brick is almost no use in masonry fireplaces, it is not his scope.
Ninety two million nine hundred forty six thousand four hundred thirty four
In addition to traditional red need fire brick for firebox — refractory. Mortar for masonry fireplace body is made from clay, quartz sand and water. And the Foundation should be put on cimentoacademy solution.
Fifty two million six hundred thirty thousand three hundred seventy two
Attention: production of dry construction mixtures is one of the most popular counterfeit businesses in this industry and on the market to get the trash in the bag very simple. But there are nice, you might say, encouraging exceptions. Company KNAUF mark the bags with pinpoint accuracy. Moreover, these figures mark clearly visible. In one warehouse, one market the container, all bags should be with close timestamps, but all different.
Fans of avant-garde solutions is ready to build a concrete fireplace. The justification can any gratuitous cement, or the acute shortage of bricks, or the desire for originality. After all, to erect the formwork, tie rebar and vibrate concrete mix — work for everybody. And with the worst thermal results.
Facing the fireplace facade is done in a variety of materials: natural or artificial stone tiles, ceramic or marble tiles. On the construction markets, you can find ready-made sets for a fireplace, where included, in addition to facing materials, including grout and all necessary detail work.
Eighty nine million three hundred ninety five thousand one hundred twelve
When developing the overall concept of the room design you can use the same veneer and to adjacent surfaces, as is done in the photo. Because the fireplace organically fit into the interior. But all this should be solved at the design stage and not at the last moment.
Fireplace: undisputed truth There are several normative documents which must be executed the construction and installation of flues (tubes) for fireplaces. It:
- SNiP 2.04.05-86 "heating, ventilation and air conditioning",
- GOST 9817-82 "Devices combined household, working on firm fuel. General specifications ,»
- PPB 01-03 "Rules of fire safety in RF".
The wall and indigenous flues must be lined with a solid red ceramic bricks of the highest quality (grade not lower than M100), normal firing, without cracks and impurities. The thickness of joints of masonry shall be not more than 10 mm. is Absolutely not allowed leaky seams. From the point of view of fire resistance, the thickness of the brick flue should not be less than 120 mm, Its inner surface should be smooth, exposed. Outside brick flue is in the loft (attic) the room should be plastered and whitewashed. It is prohibited to place it near the elements of truss construction. Distance from the inner surface of the flue (size of cuts) to protected combustible construction buildings shall be not less than 250 mm, and vulnerable — not less than 380 mm. space between the chimney and the structures of the roof that should be mended apron from a roofing steel. One caution indicates a limited selection of places of installation of the fireplace. It is desirable to mount the smoke channels, and vertically, without ledges. Although, if the interior layout does not allow, allowed channels with the shoulder at an angle not more than 30° to the vertical and horizontal deflection of not more than 1 m. If the smoke channel of rectangular section, the internal dimensions must be at least 140х270 mm. And when used with a steel sandwich-the chimney of circular cross section, its internal diameter must not exceed 200 mm.
Flue duct can serve as a lightweight steel coaxial (tube in tube) a flue with a layer of basalt fibers between the shells. Here I would like to warn future users from using cheap imitations. You may reasonably ask what the difference is. The fact that the basalt material can be different:
- The most common use for thermal insulation. The adhesive holding basalt fiber, designed for a temperature of about 250 °C.
- There are fire-resistant basalt material, where the adhesive is holding 750 °C. Although in that and in other case using of basalt fiber, which begin melting at a temperature of 950 °C.
Summary: coaxial duct factory production with high quality fire retardant basalt material completely removes the problem of delivering waste combustion gases into the atmosphere.
And a few words about the rules of fire safety:
Once a year, be sure to check flues, the condition of their inner wall and there are no soot. To clean the smoke channel is necessary before the heating season and during it no less than 1 time in 2 months. Those who ignore these rules, expect the unexpected ignition of soot and.... Let your imagination will draw that picture alone. Although he did not see, but the stories of the son who witnessed this incident, "... against the dark winter sky, the tip of the iron red-hot chimney glowed a cherry color."
The premiere of the furnaceProfessionals suggest not to heat the fireplace in the first month after its Assembly. And this is understandable: the cementing solutions are gaining strength and dry with natural moisture. Why take them in such a crucial moment?
Fifty five million one hundred forty four thousand nine hundred sixty one
The next stage — a trial furnace:
- Within 10 days 2 times a day hold for short periods (up to half an hour) firing with a small amount of firewood. The hole blower (on the front of the ashtray) should be slightly open.
- Best to lay on the grate crumpled paper, and on top of it — chips and finely chopped wood.
- Then incinerate the paper, close the door and priotkryvaya ash pit. Although the presence of difficulties in stirring can for some time leave the furnace door ajar, and.
Eight million six hundred ninety nine thousand two hundred twelve
Readers will easily share their experience of making the fire extra romantic attributes. So, to produce a beautiful flame picture to the logs, you can add chopped stumps and roots, and to produce a pleasant smell — the branches of cherry and juniper. Of course, it is necessary to use dry wood as wet wood leads to poor combustion and pollution components of the fireplace.
The duration and intensity depend on:
- the quality and quantity of loaded fuel;
- supply air to the furnace, controlled using the valves blew;
- for the energetic use burning logs of small diameter, but in large quantities;
- "slow" mode, by contrast, provided a small amount of wood of large diameter. And this is understandable: after all, the burning intensity depends on the area of contact of wood with oxygen. If you take large logs anything when even before all his wood gets the fire?
From these conditions need effective contact of the wood with oxygen follow different tips on laying wood in the fireplace. I will not repeat well-known truths about laying the wood well approximately 1/3-2/3 of the height of the furnace. After several inserts you will succeed empirically. The important thing is that when laying the logs should not be placed very tightly — in this case there might be a lack of oxygen. About what the negative effect of that is written above.
The fireplace at the cottage creates a charming atmosphere of comfort. Sturdy, well-built subject to the rules of fire safety the hearth will be for many years to delight you with the beauty and warmth of live fire. published
P. S. And remember, only by changing their consumption — together we change the world! ©
Source: www.7dach.ru/Oleg_Sanko/kak-postroit-drovyanoy-kamin-na-dache-63253.html
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