Basement waterproofing from the inside from the groundwater Bashny.Net

Quite often there is no access to external walls of the basement to protect it from flooding and waterproofing is necessary to carry out the inside using a fairly wide Arsenal of construction chemicals and technologies. Not surprisingly, that to master the suitable technique will not work without preliminary study.

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The effect of water on critical structuresThe basement waterproofing should be done not only in order to get rid of the incoming water. A wet wall is a very significant risk factor, because over time the walling can significantly lose strength.

Negative effects of water mostly enclosed in the washout of binders, that is, corrosion of the cement mortar that binds the masonry or concrete. Such phenomena are most pronounced in those places where the water comes from the soil under pressure has free access to the inside of the basement. In leaching, the concrete becomes more porous, more moisture is absorbed, and then a chain reaction.

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Here are two additional destructive factor. The first is biological lose, settling in the thickness of the concrete molds and fungus, which only increase the erosion. The second factor is the emergence of gas exchange in the field of laying reinforcement products. With relatively free access of moisture and oxygen, they are hard to corrode, rust bursting the concrete and tearing it.

The first to suffer the upper zone of the walls and floor. If the basement is partially located in the area of soil freezing, crystallization of the pore water has a strong destructive effect. Problems can be added the forces of frost heaving: a weakened structure can not withstand the pressure of expanding soil. To simplify the problem helps properly organized blind area.

 

The purpose of waterproofingAs you know, just enough to block the path of water inside the basement. Quality waterproofing creates a hydrophobic shell around the entire stone "bag", eliminating the saturation of the concrete or masonry by water. But this time, we believe that access to the outer planes are not available, and therefore, when the device internal waterproofing should follow two goals:

The cessation of water flow, elimination of flooding; Maximum protection of walling against moisture, the support bearing capacity. Fifty million three hundred ninety seven thousand nine hundred eighty two



 

To achieve these two goals, the harder it is, the less dense and heterogeneous material of the walls and ceiling used. If a concrete structure is easy enough to handle penetrating the insulation, the laying of bricks or blocks this solution is hardly applicable. Also injection and impregnation are virtually useless when working with modular bases or monolithic structures with a large number of filling stitches.

 

Requirements for enclosing planesThe selected method for waterproofing should solve the problem in the long term. It's one thing when you have to work with concrete constructs of good quality and quite another with an old, partially damaged fences.

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The best way will be, perhaps, the creation of a new supporting layer of walls, and if ground water is entirely above the basement, the construction of the second floor. It is necessary for the reason that all types of waterproofing are applied to the surface must be pressed down by the pressure of the incoming water. Pressure to reverse almost any type of coating, roller, or diaphragm material has no resistance. Besides, there is always the risk of damage to already water-damaged structures, which will lead to the formation of new breaches in the hydraulic protection.

 

The penetration and injection types of penetrating isolation is not always applicable. The essence of their work is the saturation of an array of polymer walls, which increases in size in the presence of moisture and clog pores. For partially destroyed by erosion materials that could only aggravate their condition, because you end up with is freezing water in the pores. On the other hand, a through-slit penetrating the insulation does not fill.

 

The methods of injection and penetrating insulationHydrophobic impregnation and injection are mainly used for internal waterproofing of basements is relatively young buildings with the aim of eliminating the filtration capacity of the walls and ceilings. The main weak points of a waterproofing subsequently are cold joints, technological passes through the concrete, the attachment of the formwork and joints between the individual parts of the structure. Penetrating insulation only works in the array, so all the obvious holes, cracks, and joints must be thoroughly sealed.

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The application of the penetration of the compositions performed on well cleaned and plentifully moistened the surface. The top layer of concrete must contain open pores that do not prevent the penetration of moisture and chemicals, so it almost always makes sense to carefully Polish the surface.

Impregnation occurs within 2-3 days, the composition may be applied 2-3 times after setting each of the previous layer. At the time of impregnation, the concrete must remain well hydrated, so occasionally on the walls and ceiling sprayed water, or keep the basement humidity at the level of 80-90%.

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Injection waterproofing is used where penetration is not enough to fully impregnate the entire thickness of the wall. Basically there is a struggle for high-quality impregnation of the outer protective layer of concrete to prevent water penetration to the reinforcing elements.

Method injection is more technologically advanced surfaces, drilled many holes with the normalized distance between each other, they are using a special syringe is injected repellent emulsion. Often such work is not carried out independently, because even the slightest deviation from technology can negate the entire result. The efficiency and durability of a waterproofing higher than the penetration, the concrete retains its properties even after the formation of microtrain.

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Roll materialSomewhat more complicated is the case can be used for internal waterproofing of all kinds of films and membranes. Their main advantage — binding basis, whereby the insulation remains impervious to cracking and deformation of the walls during the entire period of operation.

As with the use of retaining waterproofing, cladding structures remain exposed to moisture, they are required to partially or fully withdraw the bearing load. This is done by lining the basement from the inside with blocks of porous concrete or brick. First you should calculate the arrangement of beams supporting the slab, and for large values of span of the support pillars.

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Installation of the waterproofing of the roll in this case, start with the ceiling. The best way for hydroprotection of overlap-proven membranes. They fit together without glue or heat, can be temporarily supported on scaffolds sheathing or directly glued to the old floor. It should be noted that the waterproofing of the ceiling is not always required, only if moisture gets inside from rain or high groundwater levels.

The edges of the ceiling membrane is lowered on the walls of the order of 50-80 cm, then change to wall insulation. For it can be used as the same membrane, and the more common roofing, stekloizol, hydroboil and their ilk. After installation of the membrane on the roof and walls of the basement to the ceiling rise on remonting beams, clamping the membrane to the ceiling using a substrate of polyethylene foam. During the installation also takes into account the slope of the slab to drain water to the side wall at the bottom of the slope the top of the pitcher.

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After temporarily fixing the beams spread internal box of a basement, if necessary, to avoid sagging waterproof membrane provide her additional support, adding spacers between the beams or hemming spans between sheet materials, but without fixing through the waterproofing. In conclusion, is the sheathing of the ceiling and interior trim.

 

Waterproofing coating and masticIn fact, the use of coating insulation differs little from the use of roll materials with one exception. Bituminous mastics, liquid rubber and similar tools require training of the grounds on which applied. If the enclosing structure is eventually destroyed, the insulation will retain their properties only if it is deposited on a buffer layer that mitigates the impact of the deformation phenomena.

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An example of such a layer can serve as lime plaster. Under the influence of erosion it will simply fall apart, and the membrane will be tightly sandwiched between the new durable facing of basement and damaged, loose outer layer. Coating insulation to preserve the qualities of a residual elasticity, otherwise all the cracks and defects in the Foundation will affect the barrier.

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Guarantee the integrity of the waterproof layer can be obtained by using a multilayer insulation materials. For example, the applied heated layer of mastic rolled reinforcing glass fiber, then applied another layer and so on. The number of layers and final thickness is dependent on the stability of the soil and the seismic environment. In any case, the main idea lies in the fact that the internal insulation starts to work as an external supported by the pressure of soil water. published  

 

P. S. And remember, only by changing their consumption — together we change the world! ©

 

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