The psychology of solving personal problems

What personal problem differs from the problem of life? Does the ability to solve such problems from education and intelligence level? What are the stages involves the process of solving personal problems? To these and other questions are answered by the candidate of psychological Sciences Natalia kiselnikova. The psychology of solving personal problems is an area, which is located at the junction of two other areas in psychology. This is the psychology of thinking, which is directly involved in the solution of problems, and personality psychology, or specifically the section that relates to the psychology of individuals way of life, a variety of difficult life situations, crises, and so on.

The allocation of any sector in psychology suggests that it has its own subject of study — this industry is actually a personal problem. And before you answer for the burning question "And how to solve them?", you need to understand what it is all. What, exactly, we decide. And at the household level, this phrase is very often used if not just people, but in any case, psychologists practitioners, especially consultants, therapists — a fairly common phrase. If you want to find a definition of this phrase, in any dictionary, and none of the Wiktionary on the Internet you will not find this definition, which is quite surprising because it is, in my opinion, the most favorite pastime of scientists — to give a definition.

There is an unspoken agreement among experts that there is such a thing, we all think about one and the same. But scientists such situation, of course, are not satisfied, they always want to understand, clearly understand what is the essence of the phenomenon, and from the beginning to divorce the concept of "problem" and "task".

There is the concept of "life" which stands in front of the man, and he somehow solves or does not solve. And there is the concept of "problem". And I must say that the concept of "task" and "problem" are not just for the individual but also in the psychology of thinking: people, who explore the ability to solve tasks and problems, — also has the distinction of tasks and problems.

As these features are very important problems, stands out for its complexity, inconsistency, opacity — this person may not know all the circumstances of the problem, and they can be revealed only in the course of solution. It is dynamic, that is, the problem itself may develop, especially if it is very complicated and involves a lot of external circumstances of life.

All of these characteristics are also peculiar and personal to the issue as one of the types of problems. Especially characteristics such as "complexity", "complexity", is at the forefront. Because the problem — any in particular personal — similar to a very complex mechanism, in which a lot of levers, a lot of wheels. And very often the person who is not a specialist in this field can not accurately predict what the wheels will spin if he pulls some rope or twist a lever. The reaction can be chain so that in the end people can absolutely not get the result he thinks.

The story we often see from clients who come to a therapist and asked to do something with them to life, they feel better. But the experienced professional knows that, freeing man from one problem, you can easily bring it to another. For example, a customer thinks that if he becomes more confident, his life will change for the better and everything will be fine.

But in the course of work it appears that such restraint in behavior or uncertainty often hides a very high level of aggression.

Once a person gains confidence in himself, his relationship with people begins sharply to deteriorate, because he lets out the emotions that were previously held back and hidden under a mask of insecurity.

This is one of the simple examples, but the problems are much more complex. Therefore, the question of solving the problem is far from easy, as the solution to some life problem. And if we talk about the definition of a personal problem — what is it, exactly? There is a notion of the difficulties, is the concept of a difficult life situation. There are so many like similar phenomena can also be attributed to personal problem. Psychologists have the concept of "personal meaning". It is very closely connected with the motives, needs, human values. In fact, it is the answer to the question: what means to me something? That means to me this item? That means to me is this man? For me, personally. Not for anyone there. This personal sense of some part of reality.

Personal problem — one of the variants of its understanding — understood as a situation in which a person experiences a very big trouble or even is not able to realize their personal meaning, to find it or somehow change it to an inner feeling of harmony, comfort or came back.

Practical research in the field of psychology the solution of personal problems in Russia, unfortunately, was not carried out. Yet there are no empirical studies on our material. Abroad, however, these studies have for more than 30 years of baggage, although the concepts are there all as bad as we do. However, it was revealed a few interesting facts about the people who show the good and not so good ability to solve personal problems. In particular, it was found that people with a good ability to solve personal problems more independent in making decisions, they have the best performance for physical health, they feel more confident and have more positive self-image.

Another interesting fact is that the solution to complex, including complex personal problems is not based on intelligence level. Although it would seem, is a direct link. At the household level, it seems that the smarter a person is, the better it solves some problems, including personal. It turned out that it doesn't and, most likely, the ability to solve complex problems associated with resistance to uncertainty, that is unpredictability of the conditions to the uncertainty of the future.

There are people with fairly well developed intellect, which disorganized in a situation when one does not know what to expect. And his intellectual scheme, the usual solutions are ineffective. At the same time people with not such a well-developed intellect, but with greater resistance to the uncertainty quite effectively and successfully.

Another interesting hypothesis that is tested in the course of the research, was that, probably, people with a technical background will be better to solve the personal problems than humanists, because they have good analytical skills. These differences also were not identified, the direction of education, this ability is not affected. As for the solution process and the solution of personal problems, then, obviously, every person is somehow intuitive solver: we all are facing these problems and somehow trying to solve them effectively or not.

But there are professionals in this field. They are, of course, to psychotherapists, psychologists, counsellors, coaches. In the subject of their activities is a solution to the problem, and there are some technology solutions to problems that can and should be taught. Not all areas of psychotherapy and counseling really problem-oriented. There are a very large number of procedure-oriented schools that do not directly put the task to solve problems of the client, for the client or with the client. They aim, rather, to lead the customer along the way.

However, the good result of therapy, many experts believe it solved the problem, if people came up with such.

The decision problem involves several stages. They are not specific to personal problems — they are exactly the same as for any other issues: setting goals, defining conditions, planning, the nomination of hypotheses and planning of solutions, implementation and verification of the results. But the personal problem very often is characterized by the fact that all these steps tangled. They don't go consistently, but the man can jump, skip some stages, to return. This happens very often due to the fact that the person is emotionally involved in this issue. The problem is distinguished, it cannot be set from the outside as a problem: such conditions come to such a result, find the unknown. The problem, in principle, arises only when man is aware of it as such. Specialist that helps people to solve the problem, just has this circuit inside my head and helps one pass from beginning to end, or at least until awareness of the problem that too frequently is needed to solve them and to change the feelings of the person. published

Author: Natalia Kiselnikova

Source: postnauka.ru/video/43669