History of Volkswagen

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The history of the legendary brand of Volkswagen is not as long-lasting, as many famous automobile companies, but is full of events. After all, at its core is an explosive mixture of politics, intrigue, engineering talent and human destinies. It all started in the 30s in Germany. At the root of Volkswagen was an outstanding automotive engineer Ferdinand Porsche, then head of his own CB in Stuttgart and is engaged in designing small cars with 4-cylinder boxer engine.

In 1934, his office received an order immense political significance: to develop and mass-produce cheap small cars. The fact that the regime, then the law in Germany, was very interested in the mass support of the population.





And already in 1935 this car was designed. He got the name Volkswagen («Volkswagen"), which literally translated from German means "people's car". After two years of testing in 1937 it launched a series of VW30, but by 1938 the car has found a familiar appearance of many generations.


Because of the resemblance to a beetle journalists gave Volkswagen VW30 nickname Beetle. Later it became the name of the machine.

The car turned out good: simple, reliable enough to use and cheap - so accessible to the masses of the population. But the main thing - the car originally was built a huge modernization potential. In other words, the car was fired at a time of potential reserves in the years of forty or fifty.
May 26, 1938 in the small German town of Fallersleben was founded factory (where he subsequently produced cars of Volkswagen), which, actually, is the production and had to adjust. Perhaps someone thought the city is not too harmonious, does not meet the scope of such a project, as later it was renamed Wolfsburg.

Is intended for the plant model of the car, which was called Volkswagen 38, air-cooled engine had a capacity of just 985 cm3. Also, the car had another name - KdF, an abbreviation of the Kraft durch Freude - «Strength through Joy." To raise funds for the construction of the automobile plant was declared a subscription with a deposit for future machines, issued bonds. So Volkswagen becomes the Germans twice folk: it is meant for the people, and is based on the people's money.


However, Volkswagen car owners to be happy just happened - in 1939, starting World War II. The production of passenger cars of this brand - Volkswagen - has been suspended. During the war the Volkswagen plant was reoriented to the production of military equipment. Such as all-terrain vehicle passenger Kubelwagen (type 82).


After the war, the company came under the control of the British, whose occupation zone was Wolfsburg. In the autumn of 1945 the British authorities handed over the plant to the order of 20 thousand cars. But nearly a decade later began mass production of the car in its original version. In 1947, Volkswagen was offered for export fair in Hanover, and attracted a lot of attention. The plant received its first foreign order from the Netherlands for a thousand cars, and in 1948 began to receive orders from Switzerland, Belgium, Sweden and other countries. Volkswagen Beetle was placed in a variety of versions - among them was even a pickup truck.


In January 1948, new leadership Volkswagen, its general director was Heinrich Nordhoff, the new generation of German technocrats. An updated guide consisted of graduate engineers have international experience in the auto plants, and who could think outside the box. With the advent of the car has been improved and modernized.


Heinrich Nordhoff

In 1949 he began to produce models with new body styles - a convertible and a limousine. The mass production of interior equipment has become more comfortable, the default installation is partially synchronized engine. It had been established a network of technical service centers and car service stations. Continuing work was carried out with foreign clients. Volkswagen has created a powerful network of car sales.


Volkswagen Type 87 Kommandeurswagen.

VW Hebmuller Beetle Cabriolet Type-14A


Export car, the world-famous by the end of 1948 amounted to about 50 thousand cars in the domestic market sold about 15 thousand. By this time, the plant was freed from Allied control of the British, and September 6, 1949 Volkswagen has been completely transferred to the Federal Republic of Germany. A new stage of development of the plant, which, first of all, there has been an intense build-up of production and increased sales. By 1950, it was produced 100,000 cars by 1951 th - 500 thousand cars, and August 5, 1955 the first ceremony was held to mark the release of the millionth Volkswagen. The motto of this time in the life of the Germans became a popular phrase associated with Volkswagen, - «He's a member of my family».


Volkswagen Beetle in the form in which it is remembered best.

Proven years of reliability and reasonable price machines strengthened the export opportunities of the car. Volkswagen sold in the 150 countries worldwide. There are subsidiaries abroad - in 1953, in Brazil, in 1956 in South Africa, in 1957 in Australia, in 1964 in Mexico (here in 1998 produced "bug", which became a hit of the season, Hollywood stars ) and other countries.

The first modification of the standard Volkswagen-1200 in 1955 became the sports coupe Karmann-Ghia, the brand which has been drawn up of the names of firms created it: the body has designed an Italian company Ghia, and he was going to the body of the German company Karmann in Osnabrück.


Karmann-Ghia

In 1961, the program has a new Volkswagen-1500 notchback engine and increased working volume, which were issued on the basis of regular performance coupe and convertible Karmann-Ghia.


Cabrio Karmann-Ghia


In 1965, Volkswagen bought the company Daimler-Benz («Daimler-Benz"), a company Audi, creating concern Volkswagen-Audi, known by the acronym VAG.


Volkswagen 1500 S - middle-class sedan with an engine larger working volume.

The first result of unification in 1968 became the VW-411 air-cooled engine with a displacement of 1679 cc ... The model has been adopted very restrained buyers. In 1969, after joining the firm NSO has its first Volkswagen with front-wheel-received index "K-70". It can be purchased with engines working volume of 1594 or 1795 cc


Volkswagen VW-411, the first car with the joint development of Audi, had little success.

In the years 1969-1975 in cooperation with the firm issued Porsche sports cars Volkswagen-Porsche-914 with 4- and 6-cylinder engines in 1679 and 1991 cc


In 1970 he appeared VW-181 with utilitarian open body, reminiscent of wartime military vehicles.


Its development in 1979 was the easy four-wheel drive army vehicle lltis.


The founder is considered to be a new generation of front-wheel drive Volkswagen Passat, released in 1973. It offers numerous options with the engines working volume from 1297 to 1588 cc


The following year came racing Scirocco 3-door coupé and motors in volume from 1093 to 1588 cc


Model Golf I, which appeared in 1974, was the most successful: a modern, efficient, reliable, it is this model could shake up the international market. Golf has marked a new stage of competition in the production of a class of compact cars, which have become almost officially called the "Golf class". For the first 30 months of production from the conveyor descended 1 million cars Golf, Volkswagen in making one of the largest car manufacturers in Europe. In 1979 there was a convertible Golf, consistently high demand.


In 1979 there was a convertible Golf, consistently high demand.


In early 1975 we introduced a "younger brother» Golf - three-door front-wheel drive Polo, similar in design to the car Audi-50, and is offered with engines working volume of 895-1272 cc Inexpensive and practical Polo has also become very popular and has strengthened the financial position of Volkswagen.


Passat 1976


VW Passat Variant 1979


Since 1980, based on the Golf Jetta model was made with a body 4-door sedan.


In 1992 it was replaced by a similar machine (already in the third generation Golf chassis), called Vento.


In 1981, the Passat and Scirocco have been upgraded, and a year later appeared on the base Passat sedan in equipment which was part of the first 5-cylinder gasoline engine cylinder S obёmom1994 cc


Volkswagen Santana

In 1983 I saw the light of Golf II


In the period 1988-1995 was about the only program in the 3-door coupe Corrado, successor Scirocco.


In 1991, debuted Golf III, which, like previous models, supported by high reputation Golf.


The compact model is the third generation Polo is produced since 1994. The bodies of 3- and 5-door hatchback, sedan and Polo Classic 5-door station wagon Variant. Engines petrol and diesel 4-cylinder working volume 1, 0-1, 9 l capacity of 50-101 hp
Polo


Polo Classic


Polo Variant


Comfortable family Vento is equipped with the first generation of 4- and 6-cylinder engines in 1, 6-2, 8 liters capacity of 75-174 hp
Vento


Versatile high capacity Sharan made since 1995 in 5-7-seater versions, on the front and all-wheel drive chassis. Power gasoline and diesel engines working volume 1, 9-2, 8 liters within the 90-174 hp Developed in conjunction with Ford minivan Volkswagen Sharan is almost a complete copy of Ford Galaxy. Differences - in posters, range of engines and the possibility to order all-wheel drive transmission to VW.


The family of the fifth generation of the Passat was shown in 1996. Unlike previous machines, produced in 1988, they re-unified with the same type of model Audi A4 and A6. This enabled more powerful and modern powertrains Audi longitudinal location. Formally belonging to the middle class, size and level of equipment Volkswagen Passat B5 got rather in the category of business class cars.


VW Golf IV was released in 1997


In 1999 came the model luxury sedan BORA. Built on Golf IV sedan sold in Europe under the name Bora, and in the US He was named Jetta.


Several companies of Volkswagen in Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and China produce a number of models that are significantly different from European products. Among these models Gol («Goal»), Parati («Paraty") and Santana («Santana"), created on the chassis models Golf and Passat previous generations.

Parati


The Mexican branch continues production of the "1, 6i» of the "Beetle" with 1, 6-liter engine of 44 hp, and with the beginning of 1998, mastered the production of fundamentally new front wheel drive car Beetle («Beatle") chassis models Golf, It resembles the famous "Beetle».



VW Golf V generation off the line in 2003


In 2005. based on the Golf V was earned sedan VW Jetta.


VW Passat (B6) 2005.


VW Passat R36 2006.


VW Eos - the first coupe-cabriolet Volkswagen. The prototype was presented at the Frankfurt Motor Show in 2003, and 12 September 2005 there was the first production model shown. Eos appeared on the market in May 2006. Eos uses a shortened platform PQ46 from VW Passat B6. The roof was developed by Webasto.


VW Passat BlueMotion 2007


Volkswagen Passat CC - four-door coupe, designed based on the VW Passat B6 (Typ 3C) is available from 2008 on Volkswagen plant in Emden. -CC- Letters in the model name stands for "comfort coupe" (It. Comfort-Coupé), which allegedly gravitates more "flattened", athletic body shape model. However, this model was conceived leadership of Volkswagen is not as a modification of the conventional Passat'a as well as the other car, a more comfortable class - to fill a market niche between classical and Passat'om model Phaeton. The first Passat CC was presented at Detroit Motorshow in 2008. In the same year began its production in Europe, and six months later in the United States.


Volkswagen Phaeton - the first car of a representation (F) grade for the entire 70-year history of Volkswagen. Since 2002, it produced (mostly manual assembly) factory Gläserne Manufaktur in Dresden in Germany. The prototype vehicle, tentatively called Concept D, was first presented at the 1999 Frankfurt Motor Show. Since April 2007, it is the first car of higher class that diesel V6-TDI (V-shaped turbo engine with injection system) fulfilled the norms of ecological standard Euro-5. The car's name comes from the name of the hero of Greek mythology, Phaeton. Originally called light transport phaetons open horse-drawn carriages, later called switched to cars with a soft-top opening.


VW Scirocco III was shown at the 2006 Paris Motor Show called the Iroc, later the name was expanded to Scirocco. It has been said that he has more in common with the original design in the spirit and in name, but not in shape. Scirocco-2008 got four choices of petrol engines and two diesel engines: Volkswagen TSI 120 hp (89 kW), 158 hp (118 kW) and 200 hp (150 kW) and 200 hp 2.0T FSI (currently featured in Golf GTI, Jetta and Passat) and diesel engines TDI 2.0 138 hp (103 kW) and 168 hp (125 kW) (currently set at Tiguan).


Volkswagen Tiguan - produced from 2007, built on the platform of Volkswagen Golf and is a member of the class of compact crossovers. The name Tiguan obtain a compound of the words tiger and iguana. Currently, the car produced at Volkswagen plant in Wolfsburg, Germany and Russia Kaluga. The car was unveiled at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show, in the same year at the auto show in Shanghai Volkswagen introduced the Tiguan HY Motion hydrogen fuel cell. The car is available as a drive to the front axle and four-wheel drive. Engines - 1 4 TSI (turbocharger + mechanical supercharger, 150 hp), 2.0 TSI (mechanical supercharger, 170 hp). In both cases, the connection of the rear wheels is responsible clutch Haldeks, providing all-wheel drive with variable gear ratio.


Volkswagen Touareg - a mid-size SUV "premium" of Volkswagen, produced since 2002. Currently, the car produced at Volkswagen plant in Bratislava. Touareg SUV has become the second in the history of the brand after Volkswagen 181 «Kurierwagen».


VW Touareg (2002-2006)

At the Paris Motor Show in 2006 he was presented the updated Touareg. The car has received a more modern design, the new electronic system, such as improved system ABS, cruise control and alarm location associated transportation in the "dead zone».


In early 2010, Volkswagen presented the new Touareg in Munich pokoleniya. The car is longer by 43 mm. and wider by 12 mm, the height was reduced to 20 mm. It will be equipped with eight-speed automatic transmission. The engines will be four: three-liter turbodiesel V6 TDI (240 hp) gasoline "Six» 3.6 FSI 280 hp, turbodiesel "eight" of 4, 2 liter (340 hp), and the first "hybrid "in the history of Volkswagen (compressor gasoline" Six »3.0 TSI capacity of 333 hp paired with a 47-horsepower electric motor). It will also offer a special version of off-road vehicle.


Dobavleno1 in [mergetime] 1269349394 [/ mergetime]
Now the concern Volkswagen - one of the largest in terms of sales in the world, has its factories in 15 countries, manufactures products under five brands Volkswagen, Audi, Skoda, SEAT.
Since 1998, the Group owns the brand Bentley. Also belong to the Volkswagen Bugatti, Lamborghini. In addition to passenger cars, the factory also provides production of trucks, vans brands: Multivan, Caddy, Caravelle, Transporter, LT and Shuttle.
The composition of the Volkswagen Group include: Volkswagen AG, Audi AG, SEAT SA, Škoda Auto («Skoda Auto»), Volkswagen-Saxonia GmbH («Volkswagen Sachsen GmbH"). And more recently, and Porsche.

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