1021
The story about electric locomotives
In a couple of diesel theme
On the piece of iron is not working, but if you will create the theme "The story of the Tu-154 and AN-140," then quickly get to the anal slavery to the relevant bodies, so - electric locomotives. You should start with the fact that the electric current are divided by race:
- DC 3 kV;
- AC single-phase 25 kW.
The oldest electric road Eseseserii - postoyannik VL8, working now eastern Ukraine and in the Caucasus republics. The picture of 2006, not very high quality, but I like specificity:
The first machine Series H8 (Novocherkassk Eight-) came from the factory in 1953, so today looks wildly nanotechnology. And that's cabin refurbished, photo booths non-upgraded machine is something I can not find ...
To the left of the driver - a controller controlling the power devices. Side slot reversing lever (the choice of the direction of movement and the regime - either Rod elektrotormozhenie), lower rukoyatka- traction control mode, the top - management elektrotormozheniem traction and field weakening mode (something like a divider on trucks).
Behind Assistant - plywood door to the engine room, where the melodic howl and rattle auxiliary machines. The first - the causative agent (transmitter) comprising at elektrotormozhenii, then the compressor turns on automatically to maintain pressure (air goes mostly in the brake, the second consumer gluttony - beeps and peskopodacha third - phones), followed by a hefty rises snail geared fan.
At the same fan fortified generator 50 for charging the battery - to do so in the fifties it was easier than the collective farms on lamps Converter 3000 - & gt; 50, and the scheme has survived right up to the 80s, so postoyannikah motor-fans are driven continuously.
The thing is that I treat images as it downloads. Next time I will ship a pack, just very rarely write on the forums where answers are machine gun
That drive motor NB-406 long 525 kW, although short of it can be squeezed and megawatts. Dimensions can estimate the tires, diameter - 1250 mm, the tractor "Kirovets", but not "KamAZ". Not even the locomotive, those except TEP70, the wheels of 1050 mm - just under the terms of the placement of traction motors, electric, they have twice as powerful and more.
At spring drive motor is suspended from the trolley on the other side of the cling wheeled pair, and the bolts on the housing - fastening one of the inner fixed windings, extension pole.
View from the other side, are visible to the essence of traction drive with supporting-axial suspension of the engine - the drive motor is rigidly clinging to the axis of the wheelset motor-axial bearings (small boxes closer to the center), on the axis of the motor strengthened small pinion axis kolpary large driven, gears hidden geared casings (large boxes between MOS and wheels s). Traction motor thus turns kolparu almost directly through the two parallel working cylindrical gear - the transfer of a very simple and robust.
MOS ah top visible filler plugs, oil-in MOS-ah and gearboxes - one of the electric resources, defining mileage between sunset paragraph maintenance TO-2. For VL8 this period - where 36 and where 48 hours.
High-camera (IHC). It extends from the motor fan until near the end section. The answer to the question larchenkoff-as she tightly fenced off from the passage is an air lock (until it is completely closed, will not pass the air, lifting collectors) and electrical protection - Open door falling knife earthing, so even if collectors are welded to the wire and will continue to provide power to the IHC, the shutting knife create a short circuit on the ground and quickly de-energize the substation protection contact network.
Traction motors are controlled in three ways. The first - to rearrange, if you connect them in series as trёhvoltovye bulbs in the chain, then each will have a small voltage, and if in parallel - each gets to the line voltage.
Locomotive engines designed for 1500 (no longer allows the size), so the wiring diagrams of three - consecutive (seriesnoe C) when all eight series and 3000/8 = 375 engine, series-parallel joint venture when two garlands of four engine at every 3000/4 = 750, and parallel n (conventionally called parallel) - four wreaths on two when 3000/2 = 1500 V to the motor.
Manage these compounds switches that right. Contacts in the photo is not visible, seen closing their semicircular arc chambers. If one judged the conventional circuit breakers, then I saw there incomprehensible pile of metal plates, recruited from the bars on two textolite or cardboard plates - this is the interrupters. The arc, falling into such a chamber is cooled and goes much faster than in the air, so dugogasilovki Never dispose of the machine, without contact live one, maximum two good drawdown.
All contacts of the switch (for the first six that can be counted on the cameras, the second of four) are closed in the correct order from one shaft drive his air, and under dugogasilovkami visible shaft with low-voltage contacts, they are in control circuits and create between devices Depending on operation - the engineer can only set the desired mode, and even cell phones themselves IHC will work as it should.
From left to see a huge BV - speed switch, can break more than two current kA. It can load and shutdown buttons on the remote, and short circuit - a high-speed automatic, if someone worked with anode switches - it's almost the same thing. The very bottom of the switch, from growing black "horns", and everything else - arc chute. When the alarm switch on the parallel connection, when the electric current consumes a huge, like cotton from the explosion.
Brake switch circuit switching mode, pull mode electric braking. Without arc suppression, because the switches without current - a mechanical lock controller driver that does not allow to move the control lever reverse switch when the main or brake, and electric, not giving including linear contactors (switches traction motors) until cranking switch. Foolproof in full growth.
Once there is no arc suppression, it is clearly seen the entire device. Right - a drive of a different switch reverser, switching direction, but the design they are identical, differ only in the number of contacts ... So, come to the controller driver signal to pnevmoventil (black circular coil with thin suitable wires) - went on the air tube into the cylinder - I pushed the piston rack - by turning the gear rack - pinion turned by the cam shaft - shaft through the rollers pressed the right contacts.
These switches are available on all diesel and electric locomotives, where there is a DC traction motors, and they are even on electric ac ... TEM2, 2TE116, VL8 CHS4 reversed and thus about the same.
Oh, and a rheostat. Remix (regrouping) traction motors for speed control is not enough, so the acceleration is further used in series with the motor power resistors. They stand in the attic of the IHC and is usually not visible, shot them VL8 I do not have, so a photo with VL10 (as well as photos of the brake switch), but the difference is almost no on devices VL10 - just a clone VL8, different from their body, bogie, traction motors.
Such fehralevyh (Ferrum, chromium, aluminum) where dozens of elements, but they rarely manage to burn ...
In this first encounter with postoyannikami can be completed and to acquaint readers with the AC electric locomotives. The brightest representative - VL80, they have the most traffic, and VL80K - his first mass modification. VL80K-072, that the photo is almost 50 years old and I would not be surprised if he will celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of work. These machines are in operation in the Ukraine and the North Caucasus - from Derbent to Rostov-on-Don, and individual machines Tikhoretsk reach right up to Syzran.
Its cabin. More careful than that VL8 controller much less. It has two handles, main and reverse, which is now removed and lies to the left of cans of coffee, and the main only 8 positions, as opposed to the 38-mi from VL8, but that does not mean that the traction motors are 8 modes. This controller works as the volume buttons at the TV: rocked in one position - the motor voltage is added swung the other - diminished.
If you do not swing, and already hold the position of the controller in the set or reset, the voltage will be added / to decrease until you release the controller. In fact, everything a little more complicated, but it is important to voice exactly how the device regulates the voltage. This - the main elektrokontroller ECG 8JV, aka switch GP Group, the real king of Electric three-meter cam switch with 34 contacts and electric.
ECG is in the middle of the IHC and its position can be seen on the synchro-receiver - to the upper right of the eight luminous device. With selsyn alongside voltmeter and ammeter, two traction motors, and the bottom four air pressure gauge. The side window is efficiency-3 - a set of control parameters of movement, writing several parameters on the metallic tape that is already not brought forth.
The view from the cockpit to the engine room. Right - one of the doors in the VVC (has, like others, pnevmoblokirovku), the right of it is the shield, which allows to turn off the faulty machine sections (as can be seen in the first photo, VL80K consists of two sections), and right and left - doors on street.
View the longitudinal passage (along the left side of the body) almost from the very tail section. IHC fenced sliding screens, which can be seen on the locking shaft. The broadening of the IHC in the middle of the aisle - a place of the transformer, the heart of an electric alternator. If you walk to the end of the corridor, turn left and right, then back to the cabin.
And this is me against the background of the rectifier unit. As I have is mentioned, our AC electric locomotives (and many foreign ones) are DC motors (why - a separate issue and has long Resolved), so the alternating current coming from the transformer is rectified.
Who worked with welding, remember these diodes type VL200 (valves avalanche). From the factory to VL80K were less tenacious routine (not avalanche) diodes, so they needed more, and after modernization (VL200 acquisition diodes) in rectifier unit remains empty radiators - can be seen at the edges.
The first, or already working?
You can return to postoyannikam and remember that we supplied them Czechoslovakia. Another five years ago, the major share of passenger traffic performed emergency-s. Here ChS2 - the most massive of them produced 944 cars, today they can be found from the Crimea to Novosibirsk, but less and less.
Though seemingly he is small (the Czechs simply adapted to our roads a locomotive, and in Europe loading gauge much smaller than ours, hence the "humpback" sleeping cars of international trains), but 120 km / h flying without problems and continuous power from him - 4200 kW as two sections 2TE10M good, and can be temporarily squeezed and six megawatts.
Cab ChS2 on the go. Steering wheel for all of the same - setting regime of the engines as wrapped steering wheel - at an angle and the power will turn the main switch. As told in detail on my video "Two Deuces gang bang."
View forward. And you get up in full growth - is seen by five meters ... One of the disadvantages of two. Another - pretty strong shaking. However, they overlap reliable operation of simple machines.
The depot was once littered the main switch of the decommissioned twos ... In fact - a relative of the ECG VL80.
While all.
Source:
On the piece of iron is not working, but if you will create the theme "The story of the Tu-154 and AN-140," then quickly get to the anal slavery to the relevant bodies, so - electric locomotives. You should start with the fact that the electric current are divided by race:
- DC 3 kV;
- AC single-phase 25 kW.
The oldest electric road Eseseserii - postoyannik VL8, working now eastern Ukraine and in the Caucasus republics. The picture of 2006, not very high quality, but I like specificity:
The first machine Series H8 (Novocherkassk Eight-) came from the factory in 1953, so today looks wildly nanotechnology. And that's cabin refurbished, photo booths non-upgraded machine is something I can not find ...
To the left of the driver - a controller controlling the power devices. Side slot reversing lever (the choice of the direction of movement and the regime - either Rod elektrotormozhenie), lower rukoyatka- traction control mode, the top - management elektrotormozheniem traction and field weakening mode (something like a divider on trucks).
Behind Assistant - plywood door to the engine room, where the melodic howl and rattle auxiliary machines. The first - the causative agent (transmitter) comprising at elektrotormozhenii, then the compressor turns on automatically to maintain pressure (air goes mostly in the brake, the second consumer gluttony - beeps and peskopodacha third - phones), followed by a hefty rises snail geared fan.
At the same fan fortified generator 50 for charging the battery - to do so in the fifties it was easier than the collective farms on lamps Converter 3000 - & gt; 50, and the scheme has survived right up to the 80s, so postoyannikah motor-fans are driven continuously.
The thing is that I treat images as it downloads. Next time I will ship a pack, just very rarely write on the forums where answers are machine gun
That drive motor NB-406 long 525 kW, although short of it can be squeezed and megawatts. Dimensions can estimate the tires, diameter - 1250 mm, the tractor "Kirovets", but not "KamAZ". Not even the locomotive, those except TEP70, the wheels of 1050 mm - just under the terms of the placement of traction motors, electric, they have twice as powerful and more.
At spring drive motor is suspended from the trolley on the other side of the cling wheeled pair, and the bolts on the housing - fastening one of the inner fixed windings, extension pole.
View from the other side, are visible to the essence of traction drive with supporting-axial suspension of the engine - the drive motor is rigidly clinging to the axis of the wheelset motor-axial bearings (small boxes closer to the center), on the axis of the motor strengthened small pinion axis kolpary large driven, gears hidden geared casings (large boxes between MOS and wheels s). Traction motor thus turns kolparu almost directly through the two parallel working cylindrical gear - the transfer of a very simple and robust.
MOS ah top visible filler plugs, oil-in MOS-ah and gearboxes - one of the electric resources, defining mileage between sunset paragraph maintenance TO-2. For VL8 this period - where 36 and where 48 hours.
High-camera (IHC). It extends from the motor fan until near the end section. The answer to the question larchenkoff-as she tightly fenced off from the passage is an air lock (until it is completely closed, will not pass the air, lifting collectors) and electrical protection - Open door falling knife earthing, so even if collectors are welded to the wire and will continue to provide power to the IHC, the shutting knife create a short circuit on the ground and quickly de-energize the substation protection contact network.
Traction motors are controlled in three ways. The first - to rearrange, if you connect them in series as trёhvoltovye bulbs in the chain, then each will have a small voltage, and if in parallel - each gets to the line voltage.
Locomotive engines designed for 1500 (no longer allows the size), so the wiring diagrams of three - consecutive (seriesnoe C) when all eight series and 3000/8 = 375 engine, series-parallel joint venture when two garlands of four engine at every 3000/4 = 750, and parallel n (conventionally called parallel) - four wreaths on two when 3000/2 = 1500 V to the motor.
Manage these compounds switches that right. Contacts in the photo is not visible, seen closing their semicircular arc chambers. If one judged the conventional circuit breakers, then I saw there incomprehensible pile of metal plates, recruited from the bars on two textolite or cardboard plates - this is the interrupters. The arc, falling into such a chamber is cooled and goes much faster than in the air, so dugogasilovki Never dispose of the machine, without contact live one, maximum two good drawdown.
All contacts of the switch (for the first six that can be counted on the cameras, the second of four) are closed in the correct order from one shaft drive his air, and under dugogasilovkami visible shaft with low-voltage contacts, they are in control circuits and create between devices Depending on operation - the engineer can only set the desired mode, and even cell phones themselves IHC will work as it should.
From left to see a huge BV - speed switch, can break more than two current kA. It can load and shutdown buttons on the remote, and short circuit - a high-speed automatic, if someone worked with anode switches - it's almost the same thing. The very bottom of the switch, from growing black "horns", and everything else - arc chute. When the alarm switch on the parallel connection, when the electric current consumes a huge, like cotton from the explosion.
Brake switch circuit switching mode, pull mode electric braking. Without arc suppression, because the switches without current - a mechanical lock controller driver that does not allow to move the control lever reverse switch when the main or brake, and electric, not giving including linear contactors (switches traction motors) until cranking switch. Foolproof in full growth.
Once there is no arc suppression, it is clearly seen the entire device. Right - a drive of a different switch reverser, switching direction, but the design they are identical, differ only in the number of contacts ... So, come to the controller driver signal to pnevmoventil (black circular coil with thin suitable wires) - went on the air tube into the cylinder - I pushed the piston rack - by turning the gear rack - pinion turned by the cam shaft - shaft through the rollers pressed the right contacts.
These switches are available on all diesel and electric locomotives, where there is a DC traction motors, and they are even on electric ac ... TEM2, 2TE116, VL8 CHS4 reversed and thus about the same.
Oh, and a rheostat. Remix (regrouping) traction motors for speed control is not enough, so the acceleration is further used in series with the motor power resistors. They stand in the attic of the IHC and is usually not visible, shot them VL8 I do not have, so a photo with VL10 (as well as photos of the brake switch), but the difference is almost no on devices VL10 - just a clone VL8, different from their body, bogie, traction motors.
Such fehralevyh (Ferrum, chromium, aluminum) where dozens of elements, but they rarely manage to burn ...
In this first encounter with postoyannikami can be completed and to acquaint readers with the AC electric locomotives. The brightest representative - VL80, they have the most traffic, and VL80K - his first mass modification. VL80K-072, that the photo is almost 50 years old and I would not be surprised if he will celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of work. These machines are in operation in the Ukraine and the North Caucasus - from Derbent to Rostov-on-Don, and individual machines Tikhoretsk reach right up to Syzran.
Its cabin. More careful than that VL8 controller much less. It has two handles, main and reverse, which is now removed and lies to the left of cans of coffee, and the main only 8 positions, as opposed to the 38-mi from VL8, but that does not mean that the traction motors are 8 modes. This controller works as the volume buttons at the TV: rocked in one position - the motor voltage is added swung the other - diminished.
If you do not swing, and already hold the position of the controller in the set or reset, the voltage will be added / to decrease until you release the controller. In fact, everything a little more complicated, but it is important to voice exactly how the device regulates the voltage. This - the main elektrokontroller ECG 8JV, aka switch GP Group, the real king of Electric three-meter cam switch with 34 contacts and electric.
ECG is in the middle of the IHC and its position can be seen on the synchro-receiver - to the upper right of the eight luminous device. With selsyn alongside voltmeter and ammeter, two traction motors, and the bottom four air pressure gauge. The side window is efficiency-3 - a set of control parameters of movement, writing several parameters on the metallic tape that is already not brought forth.
The view from the cockpit to the engine room. Right - one of the doors in the VVC (has, like others, pnevmoblokirovku), the right of it is the shield, which allows to turn off the faulty machine sections (as can be seen in the first photo, VL80K consists of two sections), and right and left - doors on street.
View the longitudinal passage (along the left side of the body) almost from the very tail section. IHC fenced sliding screens, which can be seen on the locking shaft. The broadening of the IHC in the middle of the aisle - a place of the transformer, the heart of an electric alternator. If you walk to the end of the corridor, turn left and right, then back to the cabin.
And this is me against the background of the rectifier unit. As I have is mentioned, our AC electric locomotives (and many foreign ones) are DC motors (why - a separate issue and has long Resolved), so the alternating current coming from the transformer is rectified.
Who worked with welding, remember these diodes type VL200 (valves avalanche). From the factory to VL80K were less tenacious routine (not avalanche) diodes, so they needed more, and after modernization (VL200 acquisition diodes) in rectifier unit remains empty radiators - can be seen at the edges.
The first, or already working?
You can return to postoyannikam and remember that we supplied them Czechoslovakia. Another five years ago, the major share of passenger traffic performed emergency-s. Here ChS2 - the most massive of them produced 944 cars, today they can be found from the Crimea to Novosibirsk, but less and less.
Though seemingly he is small (the Czechs simply adapted to our roads a locomotive, and in Europe loading gauge much smaller than ours, hence the "humpback" sleeping cars of international trains), but 120 km / h flying without problems and continuous power from him - 4200 kW as two sections 2TE10M good, and can be temporarily squeezed and six megawatts.
Cab ChS2 on the go. Steering wheel for all of the same - setting regime of the engines as wrapped steering wheel - at an angle and the power will turn the main switch. As told in detail on my video "Two Deuces gang bang."
View forward. And you get up in full growth - is seen by five meters ... One of the disadvantages of two. Another - pretty strong shaking. However, they overlap reliable operation of simple machines.
The depot was once littered the main switch of the decommissioned twos ... In fact - a relative of the ECG VL80.
While all.
Source:
