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Name of Art Nouveau (fr. Art nouveau), - means "new art". Its other name - yugenshtil (it. Jugendstil - young style). In Russia, this popular style of architecture called Russian Art Nouveau (from the French. Moderne - modern).

Direction emerged in the late 1880-x's in France. A distinctive feature of Art Nouveau was the idea of ​​fusion - it incorporates virtually all artistic movements already existed in world culture. The building combines in his appearance elements of Gothic, Rococo and other architectural trends of the previous period. To synthesize saw architecture that integrates all forms of art - from paintings to painters of clothes - involving the sphere of beauty all human activities. This allowed modernity called truly modern, dissimilar others.

It was the first area in the history of architecture, detached from the order system and to continue the traditions of classical architecture. Facades of buildings modern asymmetrical - without symmetric constructions, straight lines and angles, they resemble a form borrowed from nature. A typical method - offset doors away from the center. Buildings are beautiful and have failed angles on each side of the facade and decor look in a special way, with all the elements are subject to a single concept of the architect.

At the end of the XIX century in Russian society awakened interest in the past of the fatherland. In Russian Art Nouveau influence felt folklore. Our architects began to imitate the style of boyar XVII century Byzantine church. The artists of this period recreated in their creations natural natural lines and floral designs. One of the favorite images - stylized female head with her hair plaited into their vine. For modernity is characterized by the revival of mosaic. It is often decorated with Art Nouveau building and is a separate work of art.

Another feature of this style of art was the use of a variety of building materials; glass, steel, concrete is used interchangeably with the more traditional wood, brick, stone. The buildings have a huge storefront windows and stained glass - colorful paintings of colored glass. Sculptures fantasy creatures placed over the entrances and windows, organically combined with the overall architectural image. Interior laid out and is whole - whimsical curves door handle sets the mood and sets common motif decoration. The plasticity of the figure, the metamorphosis of a formal been a favorite method Architects. Embossed line pattern reminiscent of fireplace smoke plume, they result from the furnaces, curl and intertwine in a relief image of a female figure with a huge butterfly wings and re-dissolved in stone.