Baroque

At the beginning of the XVII century in Europe formed a new style of architecture - Baroque (ital. Barocco - quirky, artsy). It was developed most in Italy. In place of simple geometric shapes taken during the Renaissance, come complex compositions, lush decoration.

Columns and pilasters are replaced by flat pilasters. This series sets the pilasters peculiar rhythm of movement, capturing with a gables and trim. Rich decorations on them in the form of garlands, scrolls, leaves, plants, human figures, which are in different lighting conditions during the day create an original black and white drawing, creating an impression of movement and breathing of the building. Careful balance of parts of the building complex is replaced by the construction drawings of the facade elements. They bend, curl and envelop each other, interacting with each other and with the environment. In this architecture, the relationship with the environment is a specific feature of the Baroque.

Decorative facade is continued inside the building, in the interior. Complex curves of stone stairs lead to the lavishly decorated rooms, designed for celebrations and ceremonies. Sculpture, carving, painting merged into a single color and surround ensemble. This fusion of different types of art led to the creation of the illusory and the world of the senses. This style of church and loved to know, they realized that the front door and the grand Baroque best could magnify the power and strength.

Bourgeois Holland, the country of Protestants, more practical and reasonable, not adopted a lush baroque style. And after the Netherlands in Russia by Peter I, seeks to develop the industry and encouraging national bourgeoisie, calls to learn the Dutch style of architecture. Final approval of the Baroque in Russia became possible during the reign of Elizabeth. Baroque Elizabethan pores very cheerful, different scale and monumentality. Palaces and temples, built during the reign of Elizabeth, are distinguished by their bright festive coloring, going from ancient tower. It was a time of unprecedented prosperity magnificent construction combines the best achievements of the Italian Baroque and features of Russian architecture.