Bashny.Net
The conflict of the two branches of the Russian government (19 photos)
Bashny.Net
"Constitutional crisis of 1993" - the conflict of the two branches of the Russian authorities, which took place 21 September - 4 October 1993.
According to unofficial information in the days before the killing 1,300 people. The peak of the crisis occurred precisely on October 3-4, 1993. These days marks the 16 years the tragic events of our history.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
16 years ago. The shooting of the White House. How it was.
At a time when the Russian Constitution, according to supporters of Russian President Boris Yeltsin, became a brake on reform, and the work on the new edition was carried out too slowly and inefficiently, the president issued a decree № 1400 "On the phase of constitutional reform in the Russian Federation", instructing the High Council of the Russian Federation and the Congress of People's Deputies to stop their activities.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, meeting in emergency session, came to the conclusion that the decree in twelve places violates the Russian Constitution and according to the Constitution is the basis for the removal from office of President Yeltsin.
The Supreme Council refused to obey the unconstitutional presidential decree, has described his actions as a coup.
Supporters of legislative power in the government and pro-government media called the "red-brown", "communist-fascists", "putschists", "rebel", "red-brown werewolves", "stupid bastards", "scoundrels", "adventurers", " cold-blooded executioners "and simply" killers ».
They themselves called themselves "defenders of the Constitution" and "defenders of the Parliament" .They also expressed objection to calling them "opposition", as represented by the higher (under the Constitution), government (Congress), and two of the three existing branches of government - legislative and judicial.
September 24, under the pretext of the fence Muscovites "armed militants entrenched in the parliament", access to the House of Soviets was completely blocked by the police and the newly arrived MPs could not get inside.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
The building of the Supreme Council - the White House began to come citizens: Muscovites, residents of St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod and other cities and regions of Russia. Around spontaneously formed an open-ended meeting.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
October 3
Demonstrators broke through a cordon on the Crimean bridge, deblocked the House of Soviets.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
Ruslan Khasbulatov at the same rally called to storm the Kremlin and Yeltsin to sign in Matrosskaya Tishina.
The protesters, led by Anpilov and Makashov, moved towards the Ostankino television center, and demanded of them live broadcast.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
At 19:12 after the explosion commandos and armored vehicles opened fire with automatic weapons on the crowd gathered at the television station, which led to the deaths of at least 46 people.
At 20:45 ET Gaidar on television appealed to supporters of President Yeltsin's request to gather in front of the Moscow City Council, to take control of the Ministry of Security. From the audience is taken of people with combat experience, and form teams to capture and protection of objects, such as the Moscow District Councils.
October 4
At the direction of the Minister of Defence PS Grachev arrived in Moscow tanks Taman Division.
On the night of 3 to 4 October a plan was prepared by the storming of the White House, which was attended by about 1,700 people, 10 tanks, armored personnel carriers and 20; action was extremely unpopular, had to recruit troops from the five divisions, about half of the contingent of officers and junior commanding staff and tank crews took up almost entirely of officers.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
At 9:20 am located on the other side of the river tanks began shelling the upper floors of the building of the Supreme Council. Total participated in the shelling of the six T-80, produced 12 rounds.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© Postnikov NN
At 15:00 special forces "Alpha" and "Vympel" I was ordered to take the White House by storm. Commanders of both special groups before they carry out the order, tried to negotiate with the leaders of the Supreme Council for the peaceful surrender. "Alpha", promising defenders of the House of the Security Council, was able to persuade them to surrender 17:00.
Special Forces "Vympel", whose management refused to obey orders to storm, was subsequently transferred from the Federal Security Service of the Interior Ministry, which led to the mass resignation of his fighters.
After 17 hours, by agreement with the supporters of Yeltsin started a mass exit from the defenders of the Supreme Council.
© Chibisov AY
On assurances stormed no shelling was not to be. However, according to unconfirmed spopnoy information coming out of the building had not gone 100 meters when over their heads opened fire. A few minutes later stormed began almost at point blank range shot leaving the building. According to witnesses, at that moment it was the largest number of those killed. I came the next day relatives of the missing people could see on one of the nearby stadiums, arranged along the walls of the troupe to three rows.
In this story, a lot of dark spots. Both sides accuse each other of using snipers provocateurs, criminals and okolokriminalnyh groups. Supporters of the Supreme Council declare participation on the side of Yeltsin Zionist groups "Beitar" specially arrived in Moscow from Israel for provocations.
The political results of the events:
In Russia, the whole structure was dismantled Soviet power, "dual power" over. During the transition period in Russia, established a regime of personal power of Boris Yeltsin. The activities of the Constitutional Court has been suspended. Yeltsin's decrees abolished the rules of the current Constitution, laws.
Managers and many participants protect the White House and the City Hall and assaults Ostankino were arrested after the election of the new parliament pardoned. According to the former head of the investigative group, Leonid Proshkina amnesty, funeral criminal case number 18 / 123669-93, all arranged because "contrary to the will of the leadership of the General Prosecutor's Office investigators are investigating the actions not only of the Supreme Soviet, but the government forces, largely innocent in the situation in the grave consequences of what happened ».
A few months later adopted a new Constitution, the President of the Russian Federation is endowed with greater powers.
According to unofficial information in the days before the killing 1,300 people. The peak of the crisis occurred precisely on October 3-4, 1993. These days marks the 16 years the tragic events of our history.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
16 years ago. The shooting of the White House. How it was.
At a time when the Russian Constitution, according to supporters of Russian President Boris Yeltsin, became a brake on reform, and the work on the new edition was carried out too slowly and inefficiently, the president issued a decree № 1400 "On the phase of constitutional reform in the Russian Federation", instructing the High Council of the Russian Federation and the Congress of People's Deputies to stop their activities.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, meeting in emergency session, came to the conclusion that the decree in twelve places violates the Russian Constitution and according to the Constitution is the basis for the removal from office of President Yeltsin.
The Supreme Council refused to obey the unconstitutional presidential decree, has described his actions as a coup.
Supporters of legislative power in the government and pro-government media called the "red-brown", "communist-fascists", "putschists", "rebel", "red-brown werewolves", "stupid bastards", "scoundrels", "adventurers", " cold-blooded executioners "and simply" killers ».
They themselves called themselves "defenders of the Constitution" and "defenders of the Parliament" .They also expressed objection to calling them "opposition", as represented by the higher (under the Constitution), government (Congress), and two of the three existing branches of government - legislative and judicial.
September 24, under the pretext of the fence Muscovites "armed militants entrenched in the parliament", access to the House of Soviets was completely blocked by the police and the newly arrived MPs could not get inside.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
The building of the Supreme Council - the White House began to come citizens: Muscovites, residents of St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod and other cities and regions of Russia. Around spontaneously formed an open-ended meeting.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
October 3
Demonstrators broke through a cordon on the Crimean bridge, deblocked the House of Soviets.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
Ruslan Khasbulatov at the same rally called to storm the Kremlin and Yeltsin to sign in Matrosskaya Tishina.
The protesters, led by Anpilov and Makashov, moved towards the Ostankino television center, and demanded of them live broadcast.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
At 19:12 after the explosion commandos and armored vehicles opened fire with automatic weapons on the crowd gathered at the television station, which led to the deaths of at least 46 people.
At 20:45 ET Gaidar on television appealed to supporters of President Yeltsin's request to gather in front of the Moscow City Council, to take control of the Ministry of Security. From the audience is taken of people with combat experience, and form teams to capture and protection of objects, such as the Moscow District Councils.
October 4
At the direction of the Minister of Defence PS Grachev arrived in Moscow tanks Taman Division.
On the night of 3 to 4 October a plan was prepared by the storming of the White House, which was attended by about 1,700 people, 10 tanks, armored personnel carriers and 20; action was extremely unpopular, had to recruit troops from the five divisions, about half of the contingent of officers and junior commanding staff and tank crews took up almost entirely of officers.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
At 9:20 am located on the other side of the river tanks began shelling the upper floors of the building of the Supreme Council. Total participated in the shelling of the six T-80, produced 12 rounds.
© newspaper «Tomorrow»
© Postnikov NN
At 15:00 special forces "Alpha" and "Vympel" I was ordered to take the White House by storm. Commanders of both special groups before they carry out the order, tried to negotiate with the leaders of the Supreme Council for the peaceful surrender. "Alpha", promising defenders of the House of the Security Council, was able to persuade them to surrender 17:00.
Special Forces "Vympel", whose management refused to obey orders to storm, was subsequently transferred from the Federal Security Service of the Interior Ministry, which led to the mass resignation of his fighters.
After 17 hours, by agreement with the supporters of Yeltsin started a mass exit from the defenders of the Supreme Council.
© Chibisov AY
On assurances stormed no shelling was not to be. However, according to unconfirmed spopnoy information coming out of the building had not gone 100 meters when over their heads opened fire. A few minutes later stormed began almost at point blank range shot leaving the building. According to witnesses, at that moment it was the largest number of those killed. I came the next day relatives of the missing people could see on one of the nearby stadiums, arranged along the walls of the troupe to three rows.
In this story, a lot of dark spots. Both sides accuse each other of using snipers provocateurs, criminals and okolokriminalnyh groups. Supporters of the Supreme Council declare participation on the side of Yeltsin Zionist groups "Beitar" specially arrived in Moscow from Israel for provocations.
The political results of the events:
In Russia, the whole structure was dismantled Soviet power, "dual power" over. During the transition period in Russia, established a regime of personal power of Boris Yeltsin. The activities of the Constitutional Court has been suspended. Yeltsin's decrees abolished the rules of the current Constitution, laws.
Managers and many participants protect the White House and the City Hall and assaults Ostankino were arrested after the election of the new parliament pardoned. According to the former head of the investigative group, Leonid Proshkina amnesty, funeral criminal case number 18 / 123669-93, all arranged because "contrary to the will of the leadership of the General Prosecutor's Office investigators are investigating the actions not only of the Supreme Soviet, but the government forces, largely innocent in the situation in the grave consequences of what happened ».
A few months later adopted a new Constitution, the President of the Russian Federation is endowed with greater powers.
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