Why forgotten as the pedagogy of A. S. Makarenko? Bashny.Net

Remember when the last time you heard mention of the name Makarenko? In connection with any serious article on the subject of the education of the younger generation? In any public discussion about education? I doubt it. Probably in ordinary conversation in an ironic context, saying that I, too, Makarenko found...

In 1988, a special decision of UNESCO was declared the year of Makarenko in connection with its 100-year anniversary. At the same time, the names of the four great teachers, determine the pedagogical way of thinking the twentieth century is A. S. Makarenko, J. Dewey, M. Montessori, Kerchensteiner.

The works of Makarenko was translated into almost all languages of the Nations, and his main work is "Pedagogical poem" (1935) – compare with the best novels of education of J. J. Rousseau, Goethe, L. N. Tolstoy. She was also named one of the ten most influential books on education of the twentieth century. Is this not evidence of international respect and recognition?



And in Russia ten years ago to the 115th anniversary Makarenko was released 10,000 copies of the first complete edition of "Pedagogical poem". You say, what sort of circulation for millions reading country? However, publishers are still scratching their heads how to implement "unsaleable" book.

Outdated? Neaktulno? Probably not left in pedagogy of unsolved problems, well-bred girls and boys obediently go to school, and juvenile delinquency at zero?

Almost a hundred years ago, after graduating from Poltava pedagogical Institute Makarenko wrote the thesis "Crisis of modern pedagogy". Who will take the liberty to say that now the situation has changed radically?

He was a strange man, this Makarenko. After two years in the normal school, a quiet, unassuming history teacher drops everything and goes to work as the Director of the colony for juvenile delinquents not far from Poltava. He headed it from 1920 to 1928 and was trained in pedagogy of re in combat as a soldier on the battlefield.

What motivated this person? It was obvious that his decisive act, he puts an end to a calm life. Could it be that the most active vital position, which became unfashionable to talk lately?

In the early 20's in Russia, survived the revolution and civil war, there were over 7 million homeless children. They were a huge social trouble and danger. In the fight against juvenile crime and homelessness have contributed greatly to A. S. Makarenko.

He invented a system of re-education useful productive work the team has turned a bunch of juvenile delinquents in a friendly cohesive team. In the colony there were no guards, fences, lock-up. The most severe punishment was the boycott resorted to very rarely. When under escort brought another homeless person, he took the child and refused to take his personal business. This is a known makarenkovskie the principle of advancing good in person! "We don't want to know about you bad. New life begins!"

In these figures hard to believe, but a fact is a stubborn thing. Through the hands Makarenko has been more than 3000 homeless, and none (!) did not return to the criminal path, all found their way in life, become men. These results failed to achieve any correctional institution in the world. No wonder it is called not only a theorist but a practitioner and fast mass re-education.

Makarenko was sure that the only work of mind, not sewing gloves and gluing boxes contributes to successful rehabilitation. From 1928 to 1936, he headed the labor commune them. Dzerzhinsky and from scratch builds two factories for the manufacture of electromechanics and cameras fed, i.e. high-tech of its time. The children were able to master complex technologies that have worked successfully and gave the products great demand. Safely, isn't it? Try to imagine a colony for juvenile delinquents, which produces antivirus programs or game consoles!

He was an amazing man, this Makarenko. Outright exempt from military service because of poor health – congenital heart disease, terrible myopia and a whole "bunch" of diseases – loved military uniforms, discipline, army discipline.

Having quite unpresentable appearance, round thick glasses, big nose, a quiet, hoarse voice – enjoyed success with beautiful women. It is laconic and slow, loved the students, and so jealously was treated that he decided not to marry in order not to injure. By the way, did so: only leaving teaching, he signed with the civil wife.

Loved children, but unfortunately, had their own, but raised two foster. The girl, the daughter of his brother, the white guard, who had to emigrate to France, later became mother of the famous actress Ekaterina Vasilyeva. And favorite brother, he maintained relations until 1937, while his wife, tormented constant fear of arrest, is not required to terminate the problem.

He died of a heart attack at the age of 51 and this was a heavy blow for the world of pedagogy. The system Makarenko studied and appreciated around the world. So, in Japan, his work has been republished in massive numbers and are considered to be mandatory literature for business leaders. Almost all firms are built on the patterns of colonies Makarenko.

In Russia, the system returns in the form of foreign methods "brainstorming", "ability to work in a team", "team building", "motivation employee". All this diligently studied at various trainings and seminars, besides a lot of money. Maybe easier to check the original sources?

Violating the laws of the genre, I unfortunately can't answer the question posed in the title of the article. He will join two other favorite issues of the Russian intelligentsia, "What?" and "Who is guilty? published

Author: Andrey Dutov

 

P. S. And remember, only by changing their consumption — together we change the world! ©

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Source: vk.com/ekaterina_kes?w=wall-6084434_4269