From which to build a house: the Evolution of a tree trunk as building material

Wood is a wonderful natural building material. And most likely, the wood was the first building material, which began to use a Homo sapiens, when built with his own hands the first hut.





1. The house is hand-crafted from sanded logs

This technology manual construction is the most ancient and tested for centuries. In the process of cutting of lumber each barrel cut to size, then sanded without damaging the inner bark and cambium (this is a durable protective layers of wood), then cut down with axes (not cut) a semi-circular groove on the underside of each log, cut a semicircular Cup on the corners and cuts. All work is done by the hands of carpenters qualifications, as each log individually for size and quality and fit the logs in a house is very time-consuming process.

 

Once the frame is ready, it needs at least 3 months to dry on the court to build on the Foundation of the house. After assembling the frame on the Foundation to insulation the house will "sit" — up to 10cm in the first year, so to complete the basic shrinkage of the house (about 1 year) about any interior decoration of the house can not be considered.

 

Advantages of technology manual felling:

• 100% environmentally friendly natural wood and insulation (moss);
  
  
• the beauty of quality handmade;
  
  
• the durability of the house provided high-quality wood and logging.
  
  

 

Limitations in the use of technology:

• long construction period (over a year);
  
  
• the large complexity of quality construction (it is expensive);
  
  
• the difficulty with the selection of quality of wood (use only the thick and homogeneous logs);
  
  
• the complexity of the inside of your home (if the owner will desire, for example, Wallpaper);
  
  
• periodically the house require caulking because over time, the moss crack in the grooves or pilfered poultry.
  
  

 





2. House made of logs from the mast (Norwegian technology)

Over time, people learned to produce higher quality instruments and invented the saw. This enabled before manual cutting and cut along the log on both sides of the scaffold and to the carriage (oval polubrusa). This decision made the logs easier, and the walls began to hew from the inside. Now the carriage is manufactured at the sawmill. All other work on the cockpit from the mast performed manually.

 

Advantages of the felling of the mast:

• the beauty of hand felling combined with smooth walls;
  
  
• ecology provided the quality of wood;
  
  
• the house does not require hewn walls for interior finishes.
  
  

 

Limitations of technology:

• a long construction period due to natural drying and shrinkage;
  
  
• high cost of manual felling
  
  
• cut plane of the mast is less durable and require compulsory treatment;
  
  
• the house still requires periodic caulking.
  
  

 

 





3. The house of solid timber of natural moisture

Technology has continued to evolve and in the 20th century the cheapest and most common material for fast construction of wooden houses in the Soviet Union became a massive beam of square section. This timber quickly and easily manufactured at the sawmill and immediately going to the heater on the Foundation. The bowl and the grooves in the Assembly are cut with a chainsaw. The main slogan of the construction of such a bar: cheap and fast.

 

The advantages of this technology:

• the cheapness and speed of construction;
  
  
• the use of manual labor low-skilled;
  
  

 

Disadvantages of technology:

• after the construction of the house from a bar long dry and strongly sits down, finishing should be started no earlier than one year after the Assembly of the house;
  
  
• the house is cold because the grooves are straight and require frequent and high-quality caulk;
  
  
• the house requires covering siding or sheathing, caulked since the beam does not look aesthetically pleasing.
  
  

 

 





4. House made of logs

It is a small step back in our evolutionary chain for fans a La the rustic style, although the technology of manufacturing of logs is relatively recent. Using special milling machines the beam is given geometrically correct round shape, then cut grooves and cups of house set. After you build a house also requires a long time for dotykanie and shrinkage.

 

Advantages of technology:

• geometric accuracy of processing logs and cutting vials;
  
  
• dense and windproof grooves and cups;
  
  
• aesthetic beauty for fans of this style.
  
  
• the simplicity and speed of Assembly of the housing complex;
  
  

 

Limitations of technology:

• high chance of severe cracking of the logs in the process of natural drying;
  
  
• such logs often leads (they are bent) in the process of douhane and cracks are formed, requiring additional caulk;
  
  
• the house requires mandatory treatment with preservative, so the wood is not protected;
  
  
• the complexity of the internal decoration, if the owner wants to change the design of the room.
  
  

 

 





5. House of the profiled bar of natural moisture

With the advent in the early 21st century accurate 4-sided planing and milling machines a solid timber began to process more efficiently.

If the side faces of beams to prostragivat, and on the top and bottom faces to cut a complex profile, you get a massive shaped beam. In the preparation of the housing complex of a material of the bowl frame also are cut on precision equipment with laser marking. The result of this treatment is a ready-made housing complex, as the designer ready to build.

 

Advantages of technology

• geometric precision machining eliminates air flow through the walls and corners of the house;
  
  
• the aesthetic beauty of natural wood;
  
  
• the simplicity and speed of Assembly of the house of such a bar;
  
  
• the inner and outer walls of the house require little or no additional finishing.
  
  

 

Limitations of technology

• timber still requires prolonged drying before planing or in the wall of assembled house, and the probability of its cracking and distortion;
  
  
• after assembling a house from profiled timber of natural humidity result in cracking and cracks of the crowns may require additional caulking and sealing cracks with sealant;
  
  
• on planed surfaces at dotykanie timber forms a "NAP". Tree fiber when dry ride up and require before coating with varnish or paint for more grinding surface.
  
  

 





6. The house of solid shaped timber drying chamber deep

With the advent of modern technology deep kiln-dried wood of all the disadvantages of timber listed in the preceding paragraph has been removed. Deep and prolonged drying in a special program in automatic cameras with multi-stage dampening system-allows heat to dry the solid billet lumber to a moisture content of 16-18%. The deep process of drying takes 2-3 weeks that harvesting is carried out in a drying chamber.

 

The result is a workpiece with a beam uniform throughout the thickness of the humidity and the removal of internal stress — this eliminates warping, cracking, cracking at the corners and the pile of wood in the wall of assembled house.

 

Then the billet is processed on the machines: the profile is cut, planed plane, steel strips can be the size of house set and cut into asymmetrical windproof cups. Today's most advanced high-quality production technology of a wooden house made of solid material.

 

Advantages of technology:

• 100% environmentally friendly solid wood without glue joints, and other harmful additives;
  
  
• precision machining of the wall and set the minimum tolerances for gaps, make assembled house very warm and beautiful, both inside and outside;
  
  
• deep kiln-drying prevents deformation of wood in the assembled house, the appearance of cracks and fissures;
  
  
• quality prefabrication wall kit home simplifies its Assembly. The house is going on the scheme as a constructor without the use of lifting equipment and complex equipment.
  
  

 

Limitations of technology:

• high cost relative to lumber natural moisture due to the fact that for longer drying chambers used only the finest wood and a portion of the workpiece undergoes additional screening after drying;
  
  
• a constructive limitation of span length — no more than 5.7 metres. Due to the standard length of the cut logs — 6 meters. This restriction is necessary to consider the designer of the house when designing poprawnosci wall kit.
  
  

Thus, from a massive wood building materials profiled timber drying chamber is the "pinnacle of evolution", as it has the best structural, aesthetic and operational characteristics. published

 

P. S. And remember, only by changing their consumption — together we change the world! ©

Source: www.stroysamgroup.com