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Cosmonauts Training Center. YA Gagarin
The story, or rather a kind of photo report of the Federal State Organization "Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Center Yuri Gagarin." Or just the CPC.
"Who is the astronaut? It is absolutely universal soldier. The man who should be able to absolutely everything from repairing a toilet to control the spacecraft, from health care to conduct scientific experiments. There's orbit, happen that it will not cause any plumbing or doctor. Therefore, regardless of profession, with which it comes in the CPC, all are able to output all. However, with the arrival of the detachment's personal life End-study training, travel, study, training, travel, and so on indefinitely, it does not matter, he will fly ever in space or not. And this is not a study, to which we are accustomed in our universities. They star in training alone can give »
It says Valery Nesmeyanov - CPC instructor, and still diving specialist Emergency Situations Ministry, the senior instructor of the Russian Navy diver, honored test space technology, fighter pilot of the MiG-29 and Su-27 with 13 years of experience and a MSDT PADI. I will continue to take it in direct speech quotes because rather unlikely I can, and to ascribe to themselves such brilliant ideas can not afford.
With such diverse training, all the CPC is divided into several control. First - this is a theoretical module: iron, celestial navigation, and other applied sciences. Fourth - medical, fifth - scientific: these all clear.
The sixth deals with flight training. Next to the CPC is the Chkalovsky airfield complex, where astronauts are taught to fly a light jets L-39. In addition, the Centre has a fleet of Tu-134 and Tu-154, equipped for visual observations and IL-76 MDK, which fly weightless. The aircraft carries a so-called "Kepler parabola": first flying horizontally at an altitude of six thousand meters. Then, the acceleration starts to climb at an angle of 45 degrees. The curved flight to all those present on board overloading of up to 2g. It is a feeling of heaviness does not last long - about 15 seconds, until the plane is selected on the rise. At a height of nine thousand meters the pilot almost entirely removes the engine thrust and the plane continued flying on inertia. As soon as the force of inertia, opposite the direction of the force of gravity, it is equal to the largest, the force of gravity inside the cabin of the aircraft-lab becomes zero. Depending on the flight conditions of weightlessness can last 22-28 seconds.
But about the 2nd and 3rd management will now be separate and traditionally long story. Thus, the second - is the management of space technology simulators.
The simulator manned spacecraft "Soyuz TMA". The same ship, which will start from Baikonur, they dock to the ISS, and six months later it is returned back.
The spacecraft consists of three parts, but this presents only two simulator. In the third set of device-service module and life support systems. It should be bottom - where the steps - but on this simulator it is not, because training needs only habitable compartments.
The spacecraft consists of three parts, but this presents only two simulator. In the third set of device-service module and life support systems. It should be bottom - where the steps - but on this simulator it is not, because training needs only habitable compartments.
Check out the living space for a crew of three.
"All these beautiful spaceships with spacious galleries - just fantastic. Moreover, I am sure that in the future this will not happen, because it would provide a volume of airspace is impossible. In the design of manned vehicles come from a physiologically tolerable trained personnel enclosure during the interval of time. The increase in living space even for 1 cu. see geometric growth will lead the rest of the iron. And in order to get off the ground - it is generally the most difficult - requires an incredible amount of energy, and this is the main limitation. I think that in the future, when the spacecraft will be built directly on the space station to the monstrous mass not to remove from the earth, they are still unlikely to be large because oxygen has oxygen. Train - do not exercise, and 21% take out so positive »
To illustrate: Photo from the official site of the CPC www.gctc.ru. Pictured crew of GT Dobrovolsky, V. Patsaeva and VN Volkov. June 6, 1970, they opened a new milestone in the history of manned space flight on the Soyuz-11 went on an expedition to the first long-term orbital station "Salyut". Already on June 30, returning to the ground, the crew died due to depressurization of the ship. Once again, the three adults in this volume have to sleep, eat, go to the toilet and generally exist.
"In case of emergency situation, they have to spend two weeks in the Faberge egg. And we have women flying. However, mostly imported. We have a squad just one girl - Elena Serov and the first time she will fly into space in September ».
This will be the first flight of a Russian woman astronaut for over 15 years. Photo press service of the CPC.
Two years ago, the squad took another girl - Anna Kikin. Just a week ago, she perfectly passed all exams, but the cosmonauts it is unfortunately not taken. Zaruba psychologists.
"Psychological Service of the CPC has the final word, because space flight - is a solid psychology. And the psychology is quite different than on Earth, when people are in the same months a small barrel. In the history of our space was a case where the crew was lowered to the ground. Officially sounded so soft formulirovochki "heightened emotionality in the carriage," and in fact they are already in orbit almost did not beat each other. They had to go down, imagine what it's money, plus a breakdown of the program, etc. etc. In short, psychologists have - that's all. They accompany all training and write, write, write. But no one did not show, only then give the verdict "too picture from the official website of the CPC.
Armchair "Kazbek". In this sitting (or rather lie) the astronauts inside the lander.
"At the moment all that is associated with the notion of manned space exploration - is the concept of" uncomfortable. " Uncomfortable, uncomfortable, uncomfortable. I hate, hate, hate. Do not iron for man, and man of iron. Biotransformer sort that must get used to the iron. This is probably the heroism of the profession "aluminum frame, inside - a special cradle, made NPO" Star ».
"The news usually say" the astronauts made a soft landing. " So, no soft landing does not exist, it is stamped. This is actually a very serious impact on the ground - much like a back drop with meter-high man on the floor flat. To avoid injury cradle molded the figure astronaut and repeats the outline of his body in a spacesuit. For this, he sit in a special tray and pour plaster. There are several measures: for example, the cutter, which is cocked before planting to absorb the blow, so much injury on landing we did not have. So - bruises, abrasions. Home teeth clenched to language impact not bite »
UVNK-64 - universal swivel chair leans. Used for vestibular training from 1964 to 2000, already. The inscription on a piece of paper says that it trained Leonov, G.Shonin, G. Grechko, V. Kubasov many other
"The danger of space flight will not leave. At first it was the unknown, and then test the new technology, and now we have a completely different troubles. Continuing failure occurs, the missiles are falling - and so have all heard. Frequent failure of our rockets - is what we are constantly told in the nineties-zero. Guys, the working class it is necessary to take care of! At the moment, completely lost highly skilled working class in the space industry. There are no people who know how to turn the nut as it is necessary to twist in relation to the standards of the cosmos. All accidents in recent years - nedokrutili, nedopayali not to put where it was necessary to put and other-other. "
Centrifuge
More precisely, it is not the whole centrifuge, only its rotating part. Under the ground is still a "carrier", which ensures its work. Unique it is the fact that only one in the world can dramatically change direction and, accordingly, the vector overloads. Because of this, here recently came racer "Formula 1" Mika Hakkinen. He was programmed track in Monaco. The fact that the F1 drivers during the race at the time of the passage of sharp turns the same thing happens. Said the Finn was pleased. In principle, the test itself, in the absence of medical contraindications everyone can. Price question - 45 thousand. Rubles for 3 minutes.
In addition to the space still chair seat fighter pilots, because they are examined here. MiG-29 and Su-27 - the first fighter who does not limit overload of iron, and in person. However, compared overload pilots and astronauts correctly. They are different. Pilots main vector of the head-pelvis, and the astronauts chest-back, as they fall prone. A second better tolerated, on the other hand fall astronauts longer.
Another little figures. Weight only rotating parts - 315 tons. Cabin - 15 tons.
"The rotational speed - 270 km / h. That is, this mace with 15-ton tip worn here as a fan. Can you imagine what balance is needed? Hundreds of tons of iron working like a Swiss watch. Sam still amazed. "
Simulator created in the late 70s. The Soviet Union then had technology built nuclear submarines were spaceships, and technologies for creating such a contraption had. Therefore, under the technical project of the USSR it was built in Sweden. Now the Swedes to the service are irrelevant, but still call in a friendly visit, because so much pride fad on his resume. This is the biggest and most powerful centrifuge in the world. Thanks to the cab swivel mechanism can even simulate the short-term weightlessness. Start power of the electric motor - 27 megawatts. For comparison, the most powerful train - a 3 MW. I personally can hardly understand what it is, but the cable it is separate. Otherwise, each time when you start to cut down the whole neighborhood. Where was he going, sort of like being kept secret, but everything suggests that directly from Shatura.
And finally, another area of extreme workouts - is diving activities as a basis to prepare for the spacewalk. It is taking place in the buoyancy, of which will be a separate post, if you want. Because it is ... Space!
Ordinary such a beautiful space, to go where everyone can and for a very reasonable ... on space standards ... fee. In the meantime, envy ...
SOURCE
This is the last post, you can break, comment
"Who is the astronaut? It is absolutely universal soldier. The man who should be able to absolutely everything from repairing a toilet to control the spacecraft, from health care to conduct scientific experiments. There's orbit, happen that it will not cause any plumbing or doctor. Therefore, regardless of profession, with which it comes in the CPC, all are able to output all. However, with the arrival of the detachment's personal life End-study training, travel, study, training, travel, and so on indefinitely, it does not matter, he will fly ever in space or not. And this is not a study, to which we are accustomed in our universities. They star in training alone can give »
It says Valery Nesmeyanov - CPC instructor, and still diving specialist Emergency Situations Ministry, the senior instructor of the Russian Navy diver, honored test space technology, fighter pilot of the MiG-29 and Su-27 with 13 years of experience and a MSDT PADI. I will continue to take it in direct speech quotes because rather unlikely I can, and to ascribe to themselves such brilliant ideas can not afford.
With such diverse training, all the CPC is divided into several control. First - this is a theoretical module: iron, celestial navigation, and other applied sciences. Fourth - medical, fifth - scientific: these all clear.
The sixth deals with flight training. Next to the CPC is the Chkalovsky airfield complex, where astronauts are taught to fly a light jets L-39. In addition, the Centre has a fleet of Tu-134 and Tu-154, equipped for visual observations and IL-76 MDK, which fly weightless. The aircraft carries a so-called "Kepler parabola": first flying horizontally at an altitude of six thousand meters. Then, the acceleration starts to climb at an angle of 45 degrees. The curved flight to all those present on board overloading of up to 2g. It is a feeling of heaviness does not last long - about 15 seconds, until the plane is selected on the rise. At a height of nine thousand meters the pilot almost entirely removes the engine thrust and the plane continued flying on inertia. As soon as the force of inertia, opposite the direction of the force of gravity, it is equal to the largest, the force of gravity inside the cabin of the aircraft-lab becomes zero. Depending on the flight conditions of weightlessness can last 22-28 seconds.
But about the 2nd and 3rd management will now be separate and traditionally long story. Thus, the second - is the management of space technology simulators.
The simulator manned spacecraft "Soyuz TMA". The same ship, which will start from Baikonur, they dock to the ISS, and six months later it is returned back.
The spacecraft consists of three parts, but this presents only two simulator. In the third set of device-service module and life support systems. It should be bottom - where the steps - but on this simulator it is not, because training needs only habitable compartments.
The spacecraft consists of three parts, but this presents only two simulator. In the third set of device-service module and life support systems. It should be bottom - where the steps - but on this simulator it is not, because training needs only habitable compartments.
Check out the living space for a crew of three.
"All these beautiful spaceships with spacious galleries - just fantastic. Moreover, I am sure that in the future this will not happen, because it would provide a volume of airspace is impossible. In the design of manned vehicles come from a physiologically tolerable trained personnel enclosure during the interval of time. The increase in living space even for 1 cu. see geometric growth will lead the rest of the iron. And in order to get off the ground - it is generally the most difficult - requires an incredible amount of energy, and this is the main limitation. I think that in the future, when the spacecraft will be built directly on the space station to the monstrous mass not to remove from the earth, they are still unlikely to be large because oxygen has oxygen. Train - do not exercise, and 21% take out so positive »
To illustrate: Photo from the official site of the CPC www.gctc.ru. Pictured crew of GT Dobrovolsky, V. Patsaeva and VN Volkov. June 6, 1970, they opened a new milestone in the history of manned space flight on the Soyuz-11 went on an expedition to the first long-term orbital station "Salyut". Already on June 30, returning to the ground, the crew died due to depressurization of the ship. Once again, the three adults in this volume have to sleep, eat, go to the toilet and generally exist.
"In case of emergency situation, they have to spend two weeks in the Faberge egg. And we have women flying. However, mostly imported. We have a squad just one girl - Elena Serov and the first time she will fly into space in September ».
This will be the first flight of a Russian woman astronaut for over 15 years. Photo press service of the CPC.
Two years ago, the squad took another girl - Anna Kikin. Just a week ago, she perfectly passed all exams, but the cosmonauts it is unfortunately not taken. Zaruba psychologists.
"Psychological Service of the CPC has the final word, because space flight - is a solid psychology. And the psychology is quite different than on Earth, when people are in the same months a small barrel. In the history of our space was a case where the crew was lowered to the ground. Officially sounded so soft formulirovochki "heightened emotionality in the carriage," and in fact they are already in orbit almost did not beat each other. They had to go down, imagine what it's money, plus a breakdown of the program, etc. etc. In short, psychologists have - that's all. They accompany all training and write, write, write. But no one did not show, only then give the verdict "too picture from the official website of the CPC.
Armchair "Kazbek". In this sitting (or rather lie) the astronauts inside the lander.
"At the moment all that is associated with the notion of manned space exploration - is the concept of" uncomfortable. " Uncomfortable, uncomfortable, uncomfortable. I hate, hate, hate. Do not iron for man, and man of iron. Biotransformer sort that must get used to the iron. This is probably the heroism of the profession "aluminum frame, inside - a special cradle, made NPO" Star ».
"The news usually say" the astronauts made a soft landing. " So, no soft landing does not exist, it is stamped. This is actually a very serious impact on the ground - much like a back drop with meter-high man on the floor flat. To avoid injury cradle molded the figure astronaut and repeats the outline of his body in a spacesuit. For this, he sit in a special tray and pour plaster. There are several measures: for example, the cutter, which is cocked before planting to absorb the blow, so much injury on landing we did not have. So - bruises, abrasions. Home teeth clenched to language impact not bite »
UVNK-64 - universal swivel chair leans. Used for vestibular training from 1964 to 2000, already. The inscription on a piece of paper says that it trained Leonov, G.Shonin, G. Grechko, V. Kubasov many other
"The danger of space flight will not leave. At first it was the unknown, and then test the new technology, and now we have a completely different troubles. Continuing failure occurs, the missiles are falling - and so have all heard. Frequent failure of our rockets - is what we are constantly told in the nineties-zero. Guys, the working class it is necessary to take care of! At the moment, completely lost highly skilled working class in the space industry. There are no people who know how to turn the nut as it is necessary to twist in relation to the standards of the cosmos. All accidents in recent years - nedokrutili, nedopayali not to put where it was necessary to put and other-other. "
Centrifuge
More precisely, it is not the whole centrifuge, only its rotating part. Under the ground is still a "carrier", which ensures its work. Unique it is the fact that only one in the world can dramatically change direction and, accordingly, the vector overloads. Because of this, here recently came racer "Formula 1" Mika Hakkinen. He was programmed track in Monaco. The fact that the F1 drivers during the race at the time of the passage of sharp turns the same thing happens. Said the Finn was pleased. In principle, the test itself, in the absence of medical contraindications everyone can. Price question - 45 thousand. Rubles for 3 minutes.
In addition to the space still chair seat fighter pilots, because they are examined here. MiG-29 and Su-27 - the first fighter who does not limit overload of iron, and in person. However, compared overload pilots and astronauts correctly. They are different. Pilots main vector of the head-pelvis, and the astronauts chest-back, as they fall prone. A second better tolerated, on the other hand fall astronauts longer.
Another little figures. Weight only rotating parts - 315 tons. Cabin - 15 tons.
"The rotational speed - 270 km / h. That is, this mace with 15-ton tip worn here as a fan. Can you imagine what balance is needed? Hundreds of tons of iron working like a Swiss watch. Sam still amazed. "
Simulator created in the late 70s. The Soviet Union then had technology built nuclear submarines were spaceships, and technologies for creating such a contraption had. Therefore, under the technical project of the USSR it was built in Sweden. Now the Swedes to the service are irrelevant, but still call in a friendly visit, because so much pride fad on his resume. This is the biggest and most powerful centrifuge in the world. Thanks to the cab swivel mechanism can even simulate the short-term weightlessness. Start power of the electric motor - 27 megawatts. For comparison, the most powerful train - a 3 MW. I personally can hardly understand what it is, but the cable it is separate. Otherwise, each time when you start to cut down the whole neighborhood. Where was he going, sort of like being kept secret, but everything suggests that directly from Shatura.
And finally, another area of extreme workouts - is diving activities as a basis to prepare for the spacewalk. It is taking place in the buoyancy, of which will be a separate post, if you want. Because it is ... Space!
Ordinary such a beautiful space, to go where everyone can and for a very reasonable ... on space standards ... fee. In the meantime, envy ...
SOURCE
This is the last post, you can break, comment
