The history of GAZ-M1: Overseas patterns Bashny.Net

7 photo, some text

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March 16, 1936 off the assembly line of Gorky Automobile Plant went down the first copies of the car GAZ-M1 has also received recognition as "Emka".





The five-seat sedan GAZ-M1 was created on the basis of the American Ford 40-730, which in our factory have been several significant changes. In terms of domestic designers, the American prototype, intended for use on highways with high-quality coating and high speed, had a lightweight chassis, so with regard to local conditions he was unequal strength.

Adaptation "Ford" to the local conditions of operation involved a team of young engineers as part of AM Krieger, N. Sorochkina, LV Kostkina, VI Borisov, NG Mozohina, IV Novoselov, BD Kirsanova and VI Podolsky, led AA Liphart. Lipgart formulated the basic requirements for the type of vehicle mass, designed to work in the USSR:
1) The vehicle must be durable and hardy in all its parts at work in our road conditions;
2) The machine must have a high permeability;
3) We need a good, but not a record dynamics;
4) The machine should be as economical in fuel expenditure;
5) for comfort, exterior design and finish of the car must not yield to the latest models of the best American mass type;
6) The design of the machine should be simple and understandable even semi-skilled personnel, and maintenance and adjustment should be simple and accessible to the driver of average skill without requiring specialist mechanics.

The desired degree of rigidity of the frame of the car has been achieved through the use of spars with 150-mm profile throughout the middle part and reinforcement inserts to form in front of a closed box-like contour. In the center of the frame appeared rigid Phillips cross. To lower the center of gravity of the machine frame had bent upwards over both axles. Transverse leaf springs front and rear axle was replaced with a semi-elliptical longitudinal. With 5, 5 to 7 inches has increased the profile of the tire, which ensured GAZ-M1 good cross on the road. Unlike the original, completed with spoke wheels, "Emka" was stamped-metal wheels.



Short technical characteristics of the car GAZ-M1
Length 4625 mm
Width 1770 mm
Height 1780 mm
The base 2845 mm
Track front / rear mm 1435/1430
Weight 1300 kg
Engine Number of cylinders - 4, capacity - 50 liters. s., working volume - 3285 cubic meters. See, rated speed - 2800 rpm / min
Fuel consumption per 100 km 13 l
The octane number of the fuel 56
Number of gears 3
Number of seats 5
The maximum speed of 105 km / h



The engine of the new passenger cars, which should tell you otherwise, is a development of the power plant GAZ-A, the power of which has been increased by 10 liters. from. by increasing the nominal speed and increased compression ratio for the same diameter of the cylinder and piston stroke. Themselves as the pistons are made of aluminum alloy, strengthened. To mount the motor to the frame used "floating" suspension, the advantages of which is that when the power plant did not give vibrations to the frame. Another engine lubrication system was pressurized and the cooling water circuit, driven by a pump. New three-speed gearbox with constant mesh gears equipped with clutches was easy on the second and third speeds.

Pickup GAZ-M415. Base - GAZ-M1



In comparison with the GAZ-M1 And there was a whole realm of electrical equipment. On the dashboard next to the ammeter will indicate the oil temperature and fuel level gauge. For the first time in the history of the domestic automotive industry has earned a centrifugal automatic advance ignition timing. The interior could use foppish cigarette lighter and ashtray was provided. Besides all this on GAZ-M1 hung complete set of lighting: the front parking lights - sidelights - combined with turn indicators, rear parking lights is red at the same time fulfill the role and direction indicators, and a stoplight. By the way, the availability of such information in the arsenal of those years are not regulated by any state standards or rules of the road. For example, the same first postwar "Muscovites", "turn signals" were not at all.

In the struggle to save gasoline. Gas bottle



and a gas generator version M1



AZ-M1 went to the conveyor a little over two years. Initially, in 1934, gathered a few prototypes, is an exact copy of the "fortieth" model from the "Ford", and then Gorky designer checked all the theoretical calculations of Americans by direct experimentation in the field samples. In the spring of 1936, ten new cars have made running along the route Gorky - Moscow - Leningrad - Moscow - Gorky. Finally, on May 20 the Soviet press heralded the start of full-flow production of GAZ-M1. Of course, today this retro cars on the streets of big cities hardly anyone lucky enough to meet as it is, for example, also the case 15-20 years ago, but a lot of them remained in museums and private collections ...

... Happy Anniversary, "Emka"!

Just "Emka". City Myshkin 2007



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