1923
How to build Ostankino Tower
Today, based on site "pictures of old Moscow" and the journal "Science and Life" I'll show you how Ostankino Tower was built.
Tower, weighing more than 32 tons, was built on a monolithic reinforced concrete foundation ring width of 9, 5 meters, 3 meters in diameter (circumscribed circle) of 74 meters. In decagonal concrete foundation tape with the help of circular stressed reinforcement (it consists of 104 beams, each beam 24 wire with a diameter of 5 mm each) created prestressing - each beam stretched by hydraulic jacks with a force of about 60 tons.
The foundation laid in the ground to a depth of 4, 65 meters. It is assumed that it will settle at 3-3, 5 centimeters. The stability of the tower is a six-time rollover reserve.
Concrete supports the entire structure is a thin-walled conical hull, resting ten concrete "legs" on the benches of the foundation. The diameter of the lower base of the shell - 60, 6 meters and at a height of 63 meters it is 18 meters. The upper part of the barrel concrete from a height of 321 meters, is a cylinder with an outer diameter of 8 to 1 meter. The thickness of the walls at the base of the tower - 500 millimeters.
In the center of the conical base on a separate foundation (concrete slab round with a diameter of 12 meters and 1 meter thick) glass reinforced concrete built 63 meters in height and a diameter of 7, 5 meters. In this cup pass high-speed elevators, power cables, communication cables, mine with water and sewer risers and emergency steel staircase. Based on the glass ends of the beams fifteen intermediate floor in between the glass and the conical base passes staircase. The construction of separate foundations for two independent structures - towers and cup - allows you to send different pressure on the ground at their erratic rainfall.
Under the influence of the wind load the upper part of the tower can vary, and the deviation of its top in a strong wind can reach 10 meters. With winds that are in Moscow quite often, on average, once a week, visitors viewing platforms and the restaurant will feel the vibrations of the tower approximately the same as the rocking of the ship with an amplitude of 8 inches with oscillation period of 10 seconds.
Have tower another "enemy." This is ... the sun. Due to the one-sided heating barrel is moved (the curvature) at the tip 2, 25 meters, a level viewing areas - on days 0, 72 meter. To reduce the strain on the wind load and to one-sided heating at a distance of 50 millimeters from the inner surface of the barrel 150 is spanned by steel cables. The total effort of their tension is equal to 10,400 tons is the weight of an ocean liner. Cables take over the tensile forces and to protect the concrete from cracking, and, consequently, the valve - against corrosion.
On the concrete part of the tower there are several metal antennas total height of 148 meters. Antennas made in the form of steel pipes. Inside the pipes are rigid diaphragm. For service to the antenna height of 470 meters, a special elevator. To inspect and dismantle vibrators, as well as periodically to paint steel structures antennas installed 6 platforms with handrails and suspended cradle.
During the construction of the tower have been widely used the latest achievements in construction machinery. Unique tower crane BC-1000 capacity of 16 tons (with an outreach of 45 meters) were collected and mounted metal. The trunk of the tower being constructed with the help of the world's only self-elevating unit weighing about 300 tons. This aggregate concrete delivered lifts.
On a separate site crawler crane SKG-100 (capacity of 100 tons) were collected sections of metal antennas. It was a control assembly. Simultaneously, the antennas were mounted hardware and installs vibrators. Then again reviewed the section of the antenna, and parts thereof - tsargi - submitted to overload the crane platform to a height of 63 meters. Then a special crane mounted on the trunk of the tower, the first side-bar rises to the top of the tower and mounted so that they went inside her trunk at 10 meters. And after this installation led by a creeping crane.
The project architectural and construction of a television tower designed CNIEP spectacular buildings and sports facilities. Authors: design engineer Nikitin, architects J. Burdin, L. Batalov, V. Milashevsky, design engineer B. Zlobin, sanitary engineer T. Melik-Arakelyan. The individual parts of the project developed "Mosproekt 1" and 19 other design organizations. General design organization - SSDI USSR Ministry of Communications. Technological part of the project is provided by the team of authors under the direction of J. Ostrowski.
SCHEME antenna mounting
After the control assembly and configuration of antennas on the stand separate mounting elements (side-bar) weighing up to 25 tons crawler crane transferred to the zone of the ring crane. He picks up on the architrave overload platform to a height of 63 m. The bridge crane, located at an altitude of 385 and raises the side-bar to another overload area, located on the 370-meter height. Then Self-erecting cranes, moving on mounted side-bar, sets new incoming tsargi each other.
Recently, the uppermost unit of the crane raises his middle. To save the vertical position of the lower end of its executives artificially heavier.
With a height of 385 m circular path visible ground cranes. In the foreground of the picture is visible canvas "skirt" with rope frame placed behind it suspended scaffolding from which the work is underway to secure the outer casing and the inspection of the outer surface of the concrete.
- From the journal "Science and Life" for '66.
zyalt.livejournal.com
www.oldmos.ru
Tower, weighing more than 32 tons, was built on a monolithic reinforced concrete foundation ring width of 9, 5 meters, 3 meters in diameter (circumscribed circle) of 74 meters. In decagonal concrete foundation tape with the help of circular stressed reinforcement (it consists of 104 beams, each beam 24 wire with a diameter of 5 mm each) created prestressing - each beam stretched by hydraulic jacks with a force of about 60 tons.
The foundation laid in the ground to a depth of 4, 65 meters. It is assumed that it will settle at 3-3, 5 centimeters. The stability of the tower is a six-time rollover reserve.
Concrete supports the entire structure is a thin-walled conical hull, resting ten concrete "legs" on the benches of the foundation. The diameter of the lower base of the shell - 60, 6 meters and at a height of 63 meters it is 18 meters. The upper part of the barrel concrete from a height of 321 meters, is a cylinder with an outer diameter of 8 to 1 meter. The thickness of the walls at the base of the tower - 500 millimeters.
In the center of the conical base on a separate foundation (concrete slab round with a diameter of 12 meters and 1 meter thick) glass reinforced concrete built 63 meters in height and a diameter of 7, 5 meters. In this cup pass high-speed elevators, power cables, communication cables, mine with water and sewer risers and emergency steel staircase. Based on the glass ends of the beams fifteen intermediate floor in between the glass and the conical base passes staircase. The construction of separate foundations for two independent structures - towers and cup - allows you to send different pressure on the ground at their erratic rainfall.
Under the influence of the wind load the upper part of the tower can vary, and the deviation of its top in a strong wind can reach 10 meters. With winds that are in Moscow quite often, on average, once a week, visitors viewing platforms and the restaurant will feel the vibrations of the tower approximately the same as the rocking of the ship with an amplitude of 8 inches with oscillation period of 10 seconds.
Have tower another "enemy." This is ... the sun. Due to the one-sided heating barrel is moved (the curvature) at the tip 2, 25 meters, a level viewing areas - on days 0, 72 meter. To reduce the strain on the wind load and to one-sided heating at a distance of 50 millimeters from the inner surface of the barrel 150 is spanned by steel cables. The total effort of their tension is equal to 10,400 tons is the weight of an ocean liner. Cables take over the tensile forces and to protect the concrete from cracking, and, consequently, the valve - against corrosion.
On the concrete part of the tower there are several metal antennas total height of 148 meters. Antennas made in the form of steel pipes. Inside the pipes are rigid diaphragm. For service to the antenna height of 470 meters, a special elevator. To inspect and dismantle vibrators, as well as periodically to paint steel structures antennas installed 6 platforms with handrails and suspended cradle.
During the construction of the tower have been widely used the latest achievements in construction machinery. Unique tower crane BC-1000 capacity of 16 tons (with an outreach of 45 meters) were collected and mounted metal. The trunk of the tower being constructed with the help of the world's only self-elevating unit weighing about 300 tons. This aggregate concrete delivered lifts.
On a separate site crawler crane SKG-100 (capacity of 100 tons) were collected sections of metal antennas. It was a control assembly. Simultaneously, the antennas were mounted hardware and installs vibrators. Then again reviewed the section of the antenna, and parts thereof - tsargi - submitted to overload the crane platform to a height of 63 meters. Then a special crane mounted on the trunk of the tower, the first side-bar rises to the top of the tower and mounted so that they went inside her trunk at 10 meters. And after this installation led by a creeping crane.
The project architectural and construction of a television tower designed CNIEP spectacular buildings and sports facilities. Authors: design engineer Nikitin, architects J. Burdin, L. Batalov, V. Milashevsky, design engineer B. Zlobin, sanitary engineer T. Melik-Arakelyan. The individual parts of the project developed "Mosproekt 1" and 19 other design organizations. General design organization - SSDI USSR Ministry of Communications. Technological part of the project is provided by the team of authors under the direction of J. Ostrowski.
SCHEME antenna mounting
After the control assembly and configuration of antennas on the stand separate mounting elements (side-bar) weighing up to 25 tons crawler crane transferred to the zone of the ring crane. He picks up on the architrave overload platform to a height of 63 m. The bridge crane, located at an altitude of 385 and raises the side-bar to another overload area, located on the 370-meter height. Then Self-erecting cranes, moving on mounted side-bar, sets new incoming tsargi each other.
Recently, the uppermost unit of the crane raises his middle. To save the vertical position of the lower end of its executives artificially heavier.
With a height of 385 m circular path visible ground cranes. In the foreground of the picture is visible canvas "skirt" with rope frame placed behind it suspended scaffolding from which the work is underway to secure the outer casing and the inspection of the outer surface of the concrete.
- From the journal "Science and Life" for '66.
zyalt.livejournal.com
www.oldmos.ru
