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The strangest mental illness (5 photos)
Lycanthropy
From the Greek word lycos ("Wolf") and anthropos ("man") - "the werewolf disease." The mental state when man thinks that he occasionally turns into an animal, often a wolf. Diagnosed as a manifestation of schizophrenia.
Features. One of the oldest psychiatric disorders. The references are in classical mythology and the Bible. People identify themselves with animals, who lived nearby - somewhere they were wolves, somewhere tigers, bears, lions, crocodiles.
Excerpt from the patient's medical history. "24-year-old, prone to alcoholism and depression, she claims to be a cat in human form, and told him about it 13 years ago, his pet cat, and simultaneously taught feline language. Almost all the free time a patient having normal operation, holds in the company of cats, lives with them, including sexual life. In love with a tiger from the zoo, which hopes one day to be released. The six-year treatment did not produce results ".
Strictly scientifically. Victoria Morozova psychologist: "For a person a certain psychological make-up - a quiet and depressed - characterized by periods of uncontrolled aggression, this condition may explain the expression of animal nature, which, in general, in all we have. If these outbreaks are part of the disease, such as schizophrenia, people may "turn" in any animal and copy his ways. " Alien hand syndrome
Also referred to as "hand-anarchist." Is a form of well-known idiokineticheskoy apraxia - impaired ability to make purposeful movements. In the popular papers on psychiatry appears as "Dr. Strangelove syndrome." In the movie "Dr. Strangelove" crazy doctor could not control my hand (albeit artificial), that the matter was raised in a Nazi salute.
Features. It's not so bad, if the arm will make chaotic movements: to strangle its owner, pinching it for all sorts of places. Sometimes infuriated right hand starts to argue with the owner, such as "good" hand tying shoelace, and "evil" unleashes. Some argue that in the case described the hand begins to operate under the influence of the unconscious, as it were, showing a deep relation of man to certain actions. A mundane psychiatrists explain this syndrome disorders in the interaction between the hemispheres of the brain.
Strictly scientifically. Victoria Morozova psychologist: "On the basis of several studies which are summarized syndrome cases a foreign hand, we can say that it usually occurs after severe disturbance of cerebral circulation, strokes, heart attacks, head injuries, accompanied by epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease".
Asperger syndrome
The disorder (some doctors consider it a form of autism) is characterized by the total inability of the patient to the compassion and empathy, love, understanding neighbor.
Features. Austrian first identified by Dr. Hans Asperger in the late 1940s. He studied the brains of live young Nazis and came to the conclusion that often these were people with children's psychopathology, like autism. American psychiatrist Simon Baron-Cohen believes that most people who commit atrocities with Asperger's Syndrome, and the world underestimated the number of such patients. They are characterized by lack of interest in people, but persistent interest in any single object, phenomenon or idea, bizarre memory. In appearance - detached expression, usually very beautiful - a so-called face of the prince, a poor mimicry and eyes facing by the interlocutor.
Excerpt from the patient's medical history. "In 19 years, D., working at the hotel, constantly looked in the mirror and smeared feces on the walls. At the same time D. went to live with 71-year-old friend, whom he called "his Gerlach." They lived together for several years, and during that time D. has repeatedly attacked the mistress, causing her injury ".
Strictly scientifically. Director of the Mental Health Research Center of RAMS, Academician Alexander Tiganov: "We know that patients with this syndrome can be taught in a regular school, even though they are in the team apart and considered eccentric. In the future, the development of adequate formal functions of intelligence combined with impaired social adjustment and underutilization of the acquired knowledge ".
Prosopagnosia
The complete inability to recognize faces not only strangers, but even their own, their children and other close relatives. Prosopagnosia - a form of agnosia - impaired ability to recognize. At the hearing agnosia man does not recognize the sounds at the time agnosia - can not understand the duration of the event, etc.
Features. There is a famous book about Oliver Sacks sick prosopagnosia - "The man who took his wife for a hat." According to her, by the way, Michael Nyman wrote an opera, which was a success a few years ago in a respectable theaters. And the objects and the people hero distinguished with difficulty, on separate grounds: on his bald head, teeth, etc. The glove described as an extension of the surface with five sacks. One day he could not find a hat, and stumbled to his wife, he tried to put on her head. But this, of course, an extreme form of prosopagnosia. Usually, patients can distinguish one person from another, if they put a number, but can not remember.
Strictly scientifically. Dr. Stephen Juan: "With prosopagnosia, firstly, no one is born. Secondly, this state is not neurosis. Almost always it is a disorder caused by damage to the right rear part of the brain. Different patients prosopagnosia takes surprising forms ".
From the patient's medical history. "After a stroke in a patient diagnosed with prosopagnosia. He left the old job and started farming, bought a flock of sheep and learned to recognize them even better than colleagues. A. Performance tests for recognition sheep were better than in similar tests with human faces that confirms the theory - in some cases, prosopagnosia may only apply to the recognition of well-defined objects ".
Capgras delusion
The accent on the last "a", as the disorder was first described by the Frenchman Joseph Capgras. In psychiatry, the disorder is called delirium double. Many psychiatrists believe syndrome is a form of paranoia, to impose on the recognition function disorder.
Features. Capgras patient doctor believed that evil twins have changed everyone who was significant in her life - her husband, children, neighbors, and then the police, to which it applied for a plot of twins. Unhappy also repeatedly met twins herself. Now many metamorphoses of this unusual state of well studied. For example, there is the reverse side of this syndrome: when a person is sure that he - already double someone. The patient can also take one and the same person for different constant. Today neighbor Uncle Bob will be his Prime Minister Putin tomorrow - alien.
Strictly scientifically. Director of the Mental Health Research Center of RAMS, Academician Alexander Tiganov "Capgras delusion is often a part of paraphrenic syndrome - a combination of fantastic delusions of grandeur, delusions of persecution and impact phenomena of psychic automatism, and affective disorders. Why does the patient want to be replaced by a double? Because it is - the master of the Earth, the Universe, the head of state or commander in chief of the army. Few calms the patient only that, along with the persecutors and enemies there are powerful forces standing by his side ".
It is worse, but less frequently
Indian disease
Indians follow the traditional diet that includes psilocybin and mescaline, often suffer from mental illness is very special. For example, "butterfly frenzy": Indian behaves like a moth at the lights, beating frantic and hysterical until he dies. "Psychosis Vindigo" - when the Indian fears that it will eat five-meter stone monster.
Cotard delusion
Nihilistic, hypochondriacal delusions, extreme dislike for themselves and the world. People suffering from this disease entertaining, believe that they have died or lost body parts, such as the brain or heart. Such a patient - the most infamous criminal in the world, the destroyer of the world, it has infected virtually all of syphilis and AIDS, as well as the universe has poisoned his bad breath. Seizures occur suddenly, without prior disorders.
Porphyria
Or vampirism - liver disease, which interferes with the synthesis of hemoglobin. The exact causes are unclear, the investigation - an extreme intolerance to sunlight. At the same time the use of another person's blood may temporarily alleviate the condition. Mentally unbalanced people can decide what they really are vampires, "remember," as they bite a vampire, and the like.
Syndrome unquenchable thirst
A rare disease in which a person is constantly drinking. Drinks sometimes up to 30 liters of water per day. The load on the heart and kidneys incredible. Such a person, it is clear, if not cure, does not live long, dying of brain edema. The cause disease is unknown, but usually syndrome occurs with other mental illnesses.
From the Greek word lycos ("Wolf") and anthropos ("man") - "the werewolf disease." The mental state when man thinks that he occasionally turns into an animal, often a wolf. Diagnosed as a manifestation of schizophrenia.
Features. One of the oldest psychiatric disorders. The references are in classical mythology and the Bible. People identify themselves with animals, who lived nearby - somewhere they were wolves, somewhere tigers, bears, lions, crocodiles.
Excerpt from the patient's medical history. "24-year-old, prone to alcoholism and depression, she claims to be a cat in human form, and told him about it 13 years ago, his pet cat, and simultaneously taught feline language. Almost all the free time a patient having normal operation, holds in the company of cats, lives with them, including sexual life. In love with a tiger from the zoo, which hopes one day to be released. The six-year treatment did not produce results ".
Strictly scientifically. Victoria Morozova psychologist: "For a person a certain psychological make-up - a quiet and depressed - characterized by periods of uncontrolled aggression, this condition may explain the expression of animal nature, which, in general, in all we have. If these outbreaks are part of the disease, such as schizophrenia, people may "turn" in any animal and copy his ways. " Alien hand syndrome
Also referred to as "hand-anarchist." Is a form of well-known idiokineticheskoy apraxia - impaired ability to make purposeful movements. In the popular papers on psychiatry appears as "Dr. Strangelove syndrome." In the movie "Dr. Strangelove" crazy doctor could not control my hand (albeit artificial), that the matter was raised in a Nazi salute.
Features. It's not so bad, if the arm will make chaotic movements: to strangle its owner, pinching it for all sorts of places. Sometimes infuriated right hand starts to argue with the owner, such as "good" hand tying shoelace, and "evil" unleashes. Some argue that in the case described the hand begins to operate under the influence of the unconscious, as it were, showing a deep relation of man to certain actions. A mundane psychiatrists explain this syndrome disorders in the interaction between the hemispheres of the brain.
Strictly scientifically. Victoria Morozova psychologist: "On the basis of several studies which are summarized syndrome cases a foreign hand, we can say that it usually occurs after severe disturbance of cerebral circulation, strokes, heart attacks, head injuries, accompanied by epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease".
Asperger syndrome
The disorder (some doctors consider it a form of autism) is characterized by the total inability of the patient to the compassion and empathy, love, understanding neighbor.
Features. Austrian first identified by Dr. Hans Asperger in the late 1940s. He studied the brains of live young Nazis and came to the conclusion that often these were people with children's psychopathology, like autism. American psychiatrist Simon Baron-Cohen believes that most people who commit atrocities with Asperger's Syndrome, and the world underestimated the number of such patients. They are characterized by lack of interest in people, but persistent interest in any single object, phenomenon or idea, bizarre memory. In appearance - detached expression, usually very beautiful - a so-called face of the prince, a poor mimicry and eyes facing by the interlocutor.
Excerpt from the patient's medical history. "In 19 years, D., working at the hotel, constantly looked in the mirror and smeared feces on the walls. At the same time D. went to live with 71-year-old friend, whom he called "his Gerlach." They lived together for several years, and during that time D. has repeatedly attacked the mistress, causing her injury ".
Strictly scientifically. Director of the Mental Health Research Center of RAMS, Academician Alexander Tiganov: "We know that patients with this syndrome can be taught in a regular school, even though they are in the team apart and considered eccentric. In the future, the development of adequate formal functions of intelligence combined with impaired social adjustment and underutilization of the acquired knowledge ".
Prosopagnosia
The complete inability to recognize faces not only strangers, but even their own, their children and other close relatives. Prosopagnosia - a form of agnosia - impaired ability to recognize. At the hearing agnosia man does not recognize the sounds at the time agnosia - can not understand the duration of the event, etc.
Features. There is a famous book about Oliver Sacks sick prosopagnosia - "The man who took his wife for a hat." According to her, by the way, Michael Nyman wrote an opera, which was a success a few years ago in a respectable theaters. And the objects and the people hero distinguished with difficulty, on separate grounds: on his bald head, teeth, etc. The glove described as an extension of the surface with five sacks. One day he could not find a hat, and stumbled to his wife, he tried to put on her head. But this, of course, an extreme form of prosopagnosia. Usually, patients can distinguish one person from another, if they put a number, but can not remember.
Strictly scientifically. Dr. Stephen Juan: "With prosopagnosia, firstly, no one is born. Secondly, this state is not neurosis. Almost always it is a disorder caused by damage to the right rear part of the brain. Different patients prosopagnosia takes surprising forms ".
From the patient's medical history. "After a stroke in a patient diagnosed with prosopagnosia. He left the old job and started farming, bought a flock of sheep and learned to recognize them even better than colleagues. A. Performance tests for recognition sheep were better than in similar tests with human faces that confirms the theory - in some cases, prosopagnosia may only apply to the recognition of well-defined objects ".
Capgras delusion
The accent on the last "a", as the disorder was first described by the Frenchman Joseph Capgras. In psychiatry, the disorder is called delirium double. Many psychiatrists believe syndrome is a form of paranoia, to impose on the recognition function disorder.
Features. Capgras patient doctor believed that evil twins have changed everyone who was significant in her life - her husband, children, neighbors, and then the police, to which it applied for a plot of twins. Unhappy also repeatedly met twins herself. Now many metamorphoses of this unusual state of well studied. For example, there is the reverse side of this syndrome: when a person is sure that he - already double someone. The patient can also take one and the same person for different constant. Today neighbor Uncle Bob will be his Prime Minister Putin tomorrow - alien.
Strictly scientifically. Director of the Mental Health Research Center of RAMS, Academician Alexander Tiganov "Capgras delusion is often a part of paraphrenic syndrome - a combination of fantastic delusions of grandeur, delusions of persecution and impact phenomena of psychic automatism, and affective disorders. Why does the patient want to be replaced by a double? Because it is - the master of the Earth, the Universe, the head of state or commander in chief of the army. Few calms the patient only that, along with the persecutors and enemies there are powerful forces standing by his side ".
It is worse, but less frequently
Indian disease
Indians follow the traditional diet that includes psilocybin and mescaline, often suffer from mental illness is very special. For example, "butterfly frenzy": Indian behaves like a moth at the lights, beating frantic and hysterical until he dies. "Psychosis Vindigo" - when the Indian fears that it will eat five-meter stone monster.
Cotard delusion
Nihilistic, hypochondriacal delusions, extreme dislike for themselves and the world. People suffering from this disease entertaining, believe that they have died or lost body parts, such as the brain or heart. Such a patient - the most infamous criminal in the world, the destroyer of the world, it has infected virtually all of syphilis and AIDS, as well as the universe has poisoned his bad breath. Seizures occur suddenly, without prior disorders.
Porphyria
Or vampirism - liver disease, which interferes with the synthesis of hemoglobin. The exact causes are unclear, the investigation - an extreme intolerance to sunlight. At the same time the use of another person's blood may temporarily alleviate the condition. Mentally unbalanced people can decide what they really are vampires, "remember," as they bite a vampire, and the like.
Syndrome unquenchable thirst
A rare disease in which a person is constantly drinking. Drinks sometimes up to 30 liters of water per day. The load on the heart and kidneys incredible. Such a person, it is clear, if not cure, does not live long, dying of brain edema. The cause disease is unknown, but usually syndrome occurs with other mental illnesses.