The suit "Martian": expert opinion

Category "guest blog". Today, a visit Nikolai Moiseyev - co-founder of the US private space companies Final Frontier Design , which is developing space suits. About Nicholas and his company could have found many of the publications «Медузы» or Geektimes . Today he, at my request, comments on shooting footage future sci-fi movie "The Martian» (The Martian).





< Browse construction "suit" Riddle Scott film "Martian»





Sure it's not a real space suit, and the imagination of the artist-dresser. The forums in the United States dedicated to the presentation of the kakgo something, I met a real spacesuit comments such as "I do not like this suit, but the suit of such a film or illustrations for a book or something kompyuternoy game." That is the most important thing now estimated appearance, and my teachers at the "stars" taught me that each tape piece suit in the spacesuit is strictly functional and not for beauty. Times are changing and the functionality is not held in high esteem. Elon Musk (Elon Musk) main requirement to the suit for the capsule Dragon put forward only one requirement - the suit must be bad ass looking. I did not find this value in the dictionary? Americans and friends explained to me what it means to "look cool." In serious company only one requirement for the suit! Now they are working out concealed from the public, but I hope to keep his promise and Ylon unveil their creation at the end of the year.

Okay, SpaceX leave and return to the movie. The trend is clear and does not attract professionals, and doing so seems to be the artist.





The suit "Martian" has filter. That's debatable. For Mars it is not needed, because the sun is seen less and goazdo located on.
Filter is located inside the helmet, inside the main glass. It reminds me of "Leonov" "Golden Eagle", in which KB does not take into account the results of calculations of thermal calculations (in the billing department made such a study, but did not read and did not take into account). Alexei Arkhipovich much overheated, sweaty face and head as a result of the fact that the filter inside the helmet reflects not only the heat flow out into space, but the space inside skafandrovogo. Then commission worked and understand failures and problems during the flight. So, it was an anecdote, told veterans and witnesses of those starts. The report calculators black and white filter was written to be outside! A hat made with a light filter inside! Well, Mars is the location is not critical, but the filter itself is not objectively necessary, except in the form of gold without retro-reflective coatings, and as accessory. Thermal protection for work at night on the surface of Mars with special. antireflection coating night.

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Most importantly, the suit for the film made as crimp action suit, rather than the standard with ventilation gap. Classic suits existing and flying now - it's shell naddutye anthropomorphic forms and provide oxygen for breathing. Rather cumbersome, limited mobility. But functional. Roughly spacesuit system consists of two subsystems - the shell suit and life support systems. On the envelope specially designed joints and bearings to provide mobility. The hinges are able to bend the suit pressurized in my opinion are the highlight of the design of the original suit and the specifics about which there is almost no literature and very few specialists, as opposed to millions of engineers throughout the land owning principles of creation of life support systems and other pieces of iron for suits.
To ensure thermal control intrathecal space requires ventilation and cooling with a special ventilation system and water cooling suit for EVA [extravehicular activity].

Crimping action suit - a suit when the suit fabric compresses directly to an astronaut's body. In English Mechanical Counter Pressure Suit (MCP Suit). The most famous projects - Space activity suit Paul Webb (Paul Webb) and the Bio-Suit Dave Newman (Dava Newman). Dave has now become the deputy head of NASA.





As advantages referred less volume, better mobility, the ventilation system does not require evaporation because it goes through the fabric. Go and cooling of the body and removes CO2 emission, etc. MCP Suit is often presented as the most progressive design concept for the spacesuits. But no such suit has not yet summer and was not used.





Modern pressure suit pilots also crimped body and rescue pilot in the event of depressurization of the aircraft cabin and give the time down to the dense layers of the atmosphere. The key point here is that the WCC provide time to lower and they do not compress during flight, and are triggered only when the pressure in the cabin. Why so?

WCC is very painful and after bruises on the body. Crimping occurs not just the body, and lower legs, thighs, arms and body. Groin area, underarms, popliteal fossa, feet, hands such as not crimped. And the blood will be poured into these areas and longer time in the cabin without the pressure of the harder ...

What are the disadvantages MCP Suit?

- To prevent hematomas (bruises on simple) and hemorrhages in the skin, and more serious consequences, pressure on the body or compression compression should be everywhere on the body equal and the same, it is difficult to do. A classic spacesuit is provided automatically. The human body is complex and there are natural pits and concavity, for example easy to compress the outside shoulder and armpit problematic.
- Some areas of the body is very sensitive to compression. It's genitals in men and breast in women.
- The human body changes its dimensions in the process of movement and life. Chest when breathing changes its girth. Biceps straining under a load and increases in size and so on. One American forum wrote - and how to deal with erectile dysfunction in men? After all, it happens sometimes. More or less often ...
- The level of compression of 220 mm Hg or about 30 kPa (0.3 atm, 4.3 psid). With what to compare? Men's socks with compression crimped 5 mm Hg. The medical compression garment (eg socks) crimped 30-40 mm Hg. You can buy them and try. Wear it uncomfortable. And even painful. Dress socks accounts for about two minutes. Now imagine how pressure on the whole body ... and how to wear a suit? Paul Webb wore a suit for 45 minutes with the help of two assistants.
- The transition from a suit to a helmet because it requires sealing naddut hard hat and suit no. Seal seal is placed around his neck and it hurt again. Our neck is sensitive to pressure her.
- Outside of the suit need protective clothing that we see in "Martian».
- The cooling system due to evaporation through the fabric raises questions. Outside the suit - a vacuum or in the case of the Martian atmosphere is highly rarefied, or almost a vacuum. In the case of a heavy load it is clear that the astronaut will sweat and perspiration will evaporate through the fabric MCP Suit. And what if the rest? Astronaut standing or sitting, and the fabric does not hold anything and evaporation is always. Will drying, discomfort at least and hypothermia. Finding a balance here is yet to come.

These moments were known among specialists.

I am in the process of preparing these comments come back to one point. One of the "outstanding" advantages MCP Suit called that puncture the shell of the classic suit depressurization occurs and oxygen / air out, death comes astronaut. A MCP Suit is not terrible because the suit is not sealed by the definition.



Clothes (outer layers 8-9 layers) EVA is difficult to pierce a spacesuit, plus the power and the containment shell. In the book I read, any pin punctured spacesuit and blood sealed spacesuit puncture and lost oxygen. Dressers same MCP Suit to implement the idea in the film.

Note Zelenyikot: apparently, Nicholas has in mind that plot the course with blood, sealing the hole in the suit, is appropriate when using a classical type naddutyh suits. In this case, a more authentic early fanart the book: em>
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Source: geektimes.ru/post/251762/