10 things about chess that you did not know

We offer you a selection of interesting facts about chess.

1. Origin nazvaniyaShahmaty descended from the ancient Indian game 6th vekachaturanga, whose name is translated from Sanskrit as "the four divisions of troops" that includes infantry, cavalry, elephants and chariots, which are presented in chess pawn, knight, bishop and rook. < br />
In the 7th century, the game came to Persia and was renamed shatranj. It is from the Persian language was the name of chess. Players said "Shah" (from the Persian "king") attacking the opponent's king, and "Shah mat" (Persian - "the king is dead»).

2. The Turk, who all nadulV 1770 Hungarian inventor Wolfgang von Kempelen created The Turk. The machine was a figure of "Turk" as a man who sat behind a huge wooden cabinet whose doors opened, showing the audience the complex mechanisms.

The mechanical arm moved the pieces on the field and defeated such famous opponents as Napoleon Bonaparte and Benjamin Franklin.

As it turned out, many years later, The Turk was not a machine. Inside the machine is a chess player, who moved in and hid when the public showed the complex mechanisms smart "machine».

3. The shortest and longest chess igraSamaya short chess game called Fool's Mate, which consists of two courses: 1. f3 e5 and 2. g4 Qh4 ++. A draw or loss may also occur before the players start to make moves, as in the case of a specific scenario in the standings, and due to the fact that the player did not come to play.

The longest chess game was played between Ivan Nikolic and Goran Arsovichem in Belgrade in 1989. It lasted 20 hours and 15 minutes, the game was made 269 moves, and it ended in a draw. Theoretically, the party can last even longer, but after the introduction of rules for 50 moves, this number can be somehow limited.

4. ShahboksGarri Kasparov once said that "Chess - a meal of mind." Probably why someone decided to combine chess with physical testing by creating Chessboxing. Dutch artist Hype Rubingstal ancestor chessboxing, after seeing the idea of ​​combining chess and boxing in a comic book.

In chessboxing alternating rounds of chess and boxing, and its motto is "The battles take place in the ring and wars are waged on the board».

Chessboxing gaining popularity and is managed by the World Organization chessboxing.

5. Dynamic ferzShahmatnaya figure queen or queen has undergone many changes in the history of chess. It all started with the fact that she could walk only one cell at a diagonal, she later moved into two fields and then farther, like a horse.

Now this figure can move as diagonally and horizontally and vertically. At first she was advisor to the Prime Minister or the King.

But later it became the most powerful piece in chess.

6. Chess vslpuyuShahmaty blind - this version of the game in which the player makes all the moves without looking at the chessboard. As a rule, the game has a mediator, which moves the figures.

Blind Chess is an impressive ability, many of which have the strongest players in chess. One of the champions in chess became blind Hungarian shahmatistYanosh Flash, who played 52 opponents while blindfolded and won 32 games.

7. Endless vozmozhnostiPosle three strokes on each side there are more than nine million possible positions. American mathematician calculated the minimum number of non-recurring chess games and brought the number of Shannon.

According to the number of the number of possible unique parties exceeds the number of atoms in the visible universe. The number of atoms estimated to be 10 ^ 79, while the number of unique chess games is 10 ^ 120.

8. The strength of chess kompyuterovShahmatnye computers are now an important part of chess. World champion Garry Kasparov, who is considered the strongest chess player in history, lost the computer Deep Blue in 1997, and it was a real shock to the world of chess.

In 2006, world champion Vladimir Kramnik was plunged computer Deep Fritz, which once again highlighted the strength of chess computers. Today, chess programs are often used by players to analyze and improve the game, and they often put on a par with GMs.

9. chess clock - not to zasnutVnachale chess games were played without a clock. Here players can play for hours or even days in a row, bringing each other up to the point of exhaustion. In 1851, during a chess tournament, an assistant judge recorded that "the party has not been completed due to the fact that players in the end, fell asleep».

After this one year at an international tournament entered time control as an hourglass, and in 1883 there were the first mechanical chess clock by British Thomas Wilson.

10. Chess and our mozgPsihologi often mention chess, as an effective way to improve your memory. It also allows you to solve complex problems and think through ideas.

It is not surprising that chess began to recommend in the fight against Alzheimer's disease.

Many people believe that chess - a game for those who by nature have a high intelligence. This is partly true, but you can also significantly increase your intelligence by playing a game of chess. Moreover, studies have shown that chess activate both hemispheres of the brain, improve creativity, concentration, critical thinking and reading skills.

via factroom.ru