What kind of animal "Needle"

So first, banal things.
Such MANPADS have homing missiles. Not rocket that takes off from a grenade where he gets forward and much luck. Not an anti-missile "Faggot," which is directed by the operator during the flight. MANPADS missile flies itself and itself suggests.
To capture the goal should be to target was very hot. Well, as the exhaust of a rocket engine aircraft, about 900 degrees. But the stories of fighters - missile can cling to the tip of the cigarette, which has a total of 400 degrees. For even rocket exhaust pipe of the car is too cold. Is that can "catch" for brake discs sports car during the race, they are heated to red, which is more than 500 degrees.



And now look at the rocket.
Front sticking her some "figovina" and for some reason it is believed that it was her, she is induced to the target, it is in this sensor.
I hasten to disappoint - this banal flow divider. Supersonic missile because, she speed of 500 m / s (this is half the velocity of sound). Kalashnikov bullet is flying a little faster than 700 m / s, but the bullet speed decreases rapidly, and then the missile flies at a rate of several kilometers. But divider is not required. There are certain tricks with rocket on a tripod, and there is generally no divider.
So - a divider. Inside he was just empty. The sensor is a little further - for ring glass.
But the question arises - if the exact interfering sticking out the front splitter, the rocket sees the plane? She is straight ahead blind!



Yes, that's right.
NEVER rocket flies straight at the target. Even if she tries to hit is not exactly explode in the engine exhaust, and a little on the side near the aircraft (it has a sensor) that the damage was greater.
Even when the missile is still in the installation during the sighting and the sensor has not yet captured the goal - it still is not level.
If a soldier in sight hover exactly on the horizon, the rocket will hang around 10 degrees up, it does not coincide with the line of sight.
And by the way, so the explanation of the history of the alleged "needle" in Lugansk, which "shot too low" - is unthinkable. She made a constructive way that does not shoot too low. However, if the pipe actually slightly lower down, the rocket just slip out, she cocked from falling forward nothing sticks. I can imagine how many bricks you can because of this be postponed, though the missile and explode, fuse already cocked in flight.
So below the horizon line of sight is not rocket omitted. And how high it can screw up?
Approximately 60 °. If you try to engage the target, which is higher above the head, then the shot powder gases rocket soldier tan heels, and get ass.



Let's go back to the sensor.
The "needle" are two - one for the goal, and the second for the decoys. Wherein the first infrared, and the second optical. And they both are installed inside the mirror-lens objective. A lens is mounted inside the gyro. Which also spins. An egg in a duck, a duck in the chest ...
Before capture of targets on the ground spins gyroscope 100 rpm. And this lens with sensors inside the gyroscope is spinning too, considering the surroundings through the annular glass. Actually - it scans the surroundings. The lens angle of view of a narrow - 2 °, but it squanders an angle of 38 °. That is, 18 ° in each direction. That this is the angle at which the missile can "tighten».
But that's not all.
After firing the missile rotates. It makes 20 revolutions per minute, and at this time the gyro momentum decreases to 20 per minute, but in the opposite direction. The sensor keeps the goal. But the purpose of holding a little on the side.
Why do it?
The rocket is not catching up with the goal, she anticipates her. It calculates where the goal is, with its speed and flying a little forward to the meeting place.
Main sensor - infrared, and it is highly desirable to be cooled. So do - it is cooled by liquid nitrogen, -196 ° C.
In field conditions. After a long storage ... How?
This question is related to the feeding electronics missiles. In field conditions. After storage. It is unlikely that the battery will be a good solution, as soon as they sit down - and MANPADS will be useless.



There's something like a battery. Remotely.
Admiring the picture - a ground power supply.
The black round - liquid nitrogen at a pressure of 350 atmospheres, and in the cylinder - an electrochemical cell, in other words the battery. But a special battery - it is hard, and in working order - on the molten electrolyte.
As it happens.
When the power supply is connected, you need a special pen sharp "chop" it, that is to break the membrane.
Capacity with liquid nitrogen and opened it at a special tube is fed to the sensor infraktarsnomu missiles. The sensor is cooled to nearly two hundred degrees below zero. That it all happened, it takes 4.5 seconds. The warhead has a storage element in which liquid nitrogen is maintained during the flight, it lasts for 14 seconds. Actually - this is a lifetime of missiles in flight, after 17 seconds of self-destruction is activated (if the rocket did not get the goal).



Thus, liquid nitrogen ran to the rocket.
But he rushed inside - and brought the action of spring-loaded firing pin which ignites the pyrotechnic unit blow. He lights up and melts the electrolyte (up to 500-700 ° C), in the second half through a current appears. It revives the trigger. It is such a device with a pistol grip bottom. It is reusable, and if it is to sow - the tribunal. Because it terribly secret interrogator system IFF, which provides for the loss of the period.
This trigger commands to the gyro, which spins three seconds. The rocket begins to seek the goal.
Time to search target is limited. Because the nitrogen from the tank leaves and evaporates, and cools the battery electrolyte. Time - about a minute, the manufacturer guarantees 30 seconds. Then it all turned off, the trigger stops the gyroscope guidance system, nitrogen evaporates.
Thus, the preparation for the launch - about 5 seconds, and have about half a minute for a shot. If you did not work - for the next shot I need a new NPC (ground power supply).
Well, let's say, we have coped with a bunch of target lock modes (given to us it flies or from us), he said the missile "everything is OK, the goal caught" and fired.
Next - the active life of the missile, its the very 14 seconds, which is reserved for all.
Firstly - triggered start the engine. This is a simple gunpowder engine, which throws a missile from the tube. Throws 5.5 meters (over 0.4 seconds) and then activated boosters - too, too solid fuel and a special powder. Start the engine would not fly with a rocket, he remains trapped at the end of the pipe. But he manages to light through a special channel boosters.



Question - from any power source operates the missile in flight? As you know, in the rocket itself is also not battery. But, unlike a ground source, it's not a battery.
Before starting the starter motor is started and the onboard power supply - the alternator. Electric ignition, starts. Because the generator is running on a powder checker. Gunpowder burns off gas to the turbogenerator twist. The result - a 250 watts of power and a complex scheme of speed control (turbine and makes about 18,000 rev / min). Powder burns checker with the speed of 5 mm per second and burns completely after 14 seconds (which is not surprising). Here you need a rocket to tighten the target to take pre-emption. But the speed is still there, the rocket to overclock, aerodynamic control surfaces (designed for supersonic) useless. And then dovorachivat will be too late. This helps the generator. Not exactly the generator, and its exhaust powder gases. They are a special tube through the outlet valve to the side at the end of the rocket that deploys its Command guidance system.
After that, everything is clear - the rocket itself operates. She looks for the purpose of disguising its speed and goes to the meeting point. Will it be possible - it depends on many factors. Helicopter "Igla" gets to a height of 3.5 km, and the aircraft just prior to 2.5, the rate had more and if the above is not to catch up.
Well, after the shot leaves us empty plastic tube and trigger mechanism with the handle. Plastic pipe is desirable to pass, it is possible to equip again re-equipped by the tube marked red rings, one tube can be made up of five starts.



And that garbage that flew ... it cost 35 thousand euros.

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