The evolution of the underground: what it will be in 2020? Bashny.Net

The day is approaching the city, Moscow will soon have 866 years. At 10 times the capital under its underground. The city is changing, subway, and changed his schemes. Each new map reflects not only the rapid development of the subway, but the trend of design, characteristic of the various epochs. And this dream builders and ambitions of politicians, lined with paper - no wonder we often see on the schemes even nonexistent station. It is therefore particularly interesting to consider these artifacts is now, after almost 80 years after the opening of the subway.

In the post 30 pictures





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The first subway line was launched in 1935. But the long-term plan Metro published in "Izvestia" in 1931:



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And here is the first official map of Metro 1935. As can be seen, Muscovites went to bed quite late and then. Subway worked until after midnight:



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On the eve of the war, in 1939, plans for the development of the metro was pretty Global:



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The war has made, of course, the inevitable adjustments, but the construction of the subway did not stop then. It was commissioned seven stations. After the end of World War II announced Muscovites familiar to all of us circle line, which was introduced in two stages:



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By 1954 subway map appeared in the carriages in black and white. Circle line, finally withdrew: 7.
In 1957 the scheme was again colored. Each branch has acquired a certain color in which it is presented to the present day. Probably color-blind in the subway is not easy:



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In 1961, an attempt was made graphically, without the use of color, separated from each other different branches. This option proved to be, to put it mildly, unfortunate: 9.
Meanwhile, a color map Muscovites have grown accustomed. Interestingly, the first branch in all cities where there is underground, always refers to red.



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In 1962, despite the Iron Curtain, there was the card in English:



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Even in French. Here are all the branches were red. I wonder how the poor French oriented?



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The Moscow Metro was the pride of the country, spoke of him in the world. To all the more surprising, the scheme was made on silk:



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In 1970, Soviet designers first tried to get away from the smooth lines for a more rigorous image. In vogue minimalism and clarity: 14.
For the 80 th year, we decided to portray the ring in the form of an oval. The designers felt that way passengers will be easier to take complicated interchange at interchange stations in the city center:



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The 83-year decided to drop the oval side:



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But this option is not permanently stuck. The 84-year ring was the ring again. A scheme is now very similar to the present:



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In the 85th Gorbachev came to power on the horizon loomed perestroika and glasnost. There was another version of the circuit for foreigners:



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Schemes of the late '80s virtually unchanged until 2003. Only add new stations:



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In September 2003, it was introduced a fundamentally new scheme, which has led many into despair:



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Muscovites met her more than cool. Map proved to be inconvenient, the station names are not read, it was easy to get lost in the trees. At the end of the year the scheme has been replaced by more elaborate. And my favorite, because there is Solntsevo, and I live there. Later, however, with her quietly disappeared Solntsevo branch (seemingly Luzhkov and here).



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In 2012, a competition was announced for the development of the new scheme. The winning studio Lebedev.



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The competition was part of the work that can be described as "pluck the eyes."



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And here "flight" design thinking about 2007. Peripheral Dmitry Donskoy Boulevard reason was at the center:



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But promising development scheme subway. Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin promises to open by 2020, 79 new stations. Plus, more than 12 stations built since 2011: 25.
The length of the subway in 17 years will grow by 1, 5 times. Sobyanin wants in the next 7 years under the ground laid 160 km of new lines. Metro comes in Solntsevo and Novoperedelkino (finally), Nekrasovka, Hovrino on the Dmitrov highway and other remote locations. It will be built by third interchange circuit. Metro within walking distance will get 9 out of 10 Muscovites.



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Here are a few examples of crazy ideas of participants:



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And finally, a couple of funny folk subway map. The station names speak for themselves. My favorite - Bitloteka them. Lennon and Vazhnetsky shmuck. 30.



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