If there's a fire! These 3 simple rules will save your children.

For many years now, the statistics of fires in Russia continue to scare us with their data. On March 25, there was a tragic fire in the Kemerovo shopping center "Winter Cherry". Dozens of people were injured and killed in the fire. Many of them are children.





December 8, 2017 there was a fire in the shopping center “Stork” in the Ramenskoye district of the Moscow region. Three people died in the fire, one was injured, another 10 were rescued. March 11, 2015 fire in Kazan shopping center "Admiral" claimed the lives of 17 people. And these are only the most resonant cases.





Repeated tragedies are leading millions of people to ask a crucial question: "What to do in a fire?" What to do if you are in a large room and notice signs of smoke? How to protect children from danger?



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"Site" They will tell you about the rules that you can follow in case of a fire. The first three are the most important. And you have to teach that to your kids, because they're more vulnerable to fire and the panic that comes with it.

What to do in case of fire

1. Rule 1. Think ahead of time about exits
   When you find yourself in any crowded place, figure out how to escape from it in case of an emergency situation. According to EMERCOM experts, this behavior should be made a habit. If you come to the mall, figure out which way you will go in case of evacuation. Getting into a confined space, calculate where you will go and what ways. It is advisable to teach this to children. You can even play with them, entering a large shopping complex, an entertainment center or another complex building.
   
   
   
   
   
2. Rule 2. Don't panic.
   If you notice signs of fire or smell smoke, and this is not noticed by other people, try not to panic. It is best in such a situation to loudly, calmly and quickly inform that there is a danger of smoke in the building, urge people to leave the room, but not wait for anyone, and quickly head to the exit. Remember that in an attempt to save as many people as possible, you can save no one, so you need to think first of all about your safety and those for whom you are directly responsible. The events in Kemerovo proved that such paranoia is useful and right.
   
   
3. Rule 3. Protect the respiratory system
   If you carry water with you, it can save your life. Wet a mitten, scarf or hat, hold your mouth and nose, control yourself - you should breathe only through wet tissue. If there is no water, urine can replace it. Urinating on a handkerchief or any piece of fabric, use this filter. We rarely carry water with us, children almost never. Therefore, any clothes are suitable for salvation. Urine filters smoke and toxic substances better than water. Usually, children laugh when they hear about this rule from teachers, but everyone agrees that it is not a shame to do it in a dangerous situation.
   
   
   
   
   
4. Rule 4. Teach children to think about themselves
   Children are no less likely to panic than adults. But even in an atmosphere of general panic, they will have a herd feeling. If the child learned about some emergency, most likely, he will look around or wait for the order of the teacher or someone else from the elders, but never rush to the exit himself. That is, it is necessary to inform children that in case of any smoke or cotton, their task is to immediately be on the street. No need to wait for parents or friends.
   
   
5. Rule 5. Don't move against the crowd
   If you find yourself in a crowd, you need to move strictly in its direction. At the same time, you need to adjust to the speed of other people and not push anyone. If you have a child with you, he should move not behind you, but in front of you. This makes it easier to protect or support. If the smoke is not strong, then a small child can be seated on his shoulders. Those who move alone, arms need to be crossed on the chest, elbows a little apart, fists squeeze. Even if you are squeezed, in this position you can breathe freely.
   
   Explain to your children that you should never move against the crowd or slow down in search of parents. We need to get together and go out with everyone. You can meet later when you leave the building.
   
   
6. Rule 6. Get up fast if you fall.
   The most dangerous thing that can happen to you in a crowd is a fall because you risk being crushed or trampled. To avoid this, during the movement, be sure to look at what is under your feet. Avoid ledges and sharp corners. Someone who falls in the crowd has only three seconds to get up. And for salvation in such a situation, all means are good. Do not try to group or wait for someone to help you get up. Instead, cling to the nearest legs, jeans, coats and literally climb the person up.
   
   
7. Rule 7. Cling to the floor with heavy smoke
   Other tactics are required if you are in a heavily smoked room. Combustion products always move upwards, so your job is to get down to the floor as low as possible, even if it slows down a bit. If possible, move on all fours, crawling or very strongly bent to the floor. The poisonous combustion products that cause people to lose consciousness will stay above your body level. Oxygen is always greater during smoke from below, and visibility is better.
   
   
   
   
   
8. Rule 8. Avoid elevators
   It is advisable to go down stairs, but in no case by elevator. According to the Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements and Building Regulations (SNIP), evacuation routes should not include escalators. In a fire, people are tempted to use the escalator rather than the stairs. At the same time, there is a high risk of getting into an already smoke-free zone. The staircase is safer as it is separated by partitions and fire doors.
   
   Escalators in case of fire should automatically turn off, but if there is an emergency situation and they start working again, it is possible to fall people and pinch clothes with moving parts.
   
   

How to overcome panic is almost impossible to control. And yet, in such situations, it is useful to master yourself.

1. Try to control your breathing. You won't have time to exercise. But you can take a few seconds to take a few breaths and exhales to control your diaphragm. You need to concentrate at least for a moment. This will allow you to regain control of the psyche.
2. You can’t run away if you want to. You have to restrain yourself with willpower.
3. Focus on simple automatic actions. You need to know in advance how and what you will do: find the eyes of a loved one, dial the fire service number and remember the way to the exit.
4. If you have a child, calm him down. Having to explain the situation to another person and reassure someone who is more afraid of you helps you focus and switch.

The consequence of panic can be both hyperactivity and apathy. A hyperactive person, if he pushes, runs, screams, it is better to stop before the panic is transmitted to other people.

A person with apathy (reaction inhibited, unnaturally flaccid appearance) is better brought to life by a tough conversation or even a slap in the face. It might save his life.

Sometimes parents have to leave their grown children alone in the apartment. So it's important to teach them. What to do in case of fire. The child should not be confused in an emergency situation, so you should regularly repeat the following instructions with them.

1. If there is a smell of burning in the apartment, immediately and as soon as possible find its possible source.
   
   
   
2. Close all windows and doors along the way so that the fire does not spread.
3. If the smell of burning disappeared, he could enter the house from the street through an open window.
4. Carefully check the rooms, balcony, just in case, look at the landing. It is better to be sure of your safety than to miss the start of a fire.
5. If something caught fire in the house, but you can not extinguish it yourself, you should immediately leave the apartment. Remember, poisonous smoke is more dangerous than fire. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel or cloth. If there is a lot of smoke, move on all fours to the exit.
   
   
   
   
6. At the site, call the firefighters on 01 or 112. Tell the dispatcher the address, name and surname, place (house, entrance, floor, apartment, room), what and how caught fire. Then clearly answer the questions of the rescuers. It is likely that they may ask how more convenient and faster to get to the house, where you can put the car, how many floors in the house, whether the door to the entrance is locked (if so, you need to inform the code from the intercom or open it yourself).
   
   
7. When you leave the apartment, close the doors tightly behind you, turn off electrical appliances and electricity if possible. Under no circumstances should you be late to collect things!
8. Be sure to warn the neighbors. Be careful down the stairs. Don't use the elevator! It could be deadly! Stay at home and wait for the firefighters to arrive.

Anxiety is a state of mental tension in which a person perceives a neutral situation as threatening. In doing so, he experiences excruciating anxiety, predicts failure, or anticipates danger.

The tragedy, when children die, exacerbated the feelings of many parents, they began to care too much for their children. They are afraid to let the child go to the store or the movie.

If you become afraid to let the child go anywhere, admit honestly that it is you who are afraid, it is you who want to protect yourself from the bad. That way you won't infect him with fear or undermine the world's credibility. He should not think that everything around him is scary and hostile.

Yes, you need to talk to your child about emergencies, but you should focus on how to protect yourself and what to fear. At the same time, it is necessary to disclose the algorithm of actions, explain how to practically cope with the situation. Talk about it should be as calm as possible and without unnecessary emotions.





It is impossible to guarantee the complete safety of the child neither in kindergarten, nor in school, nor on the street, nor at home. We are all vulnerable, but what can we do about it? Are we paralyzed by fear and afraid, or are we given a life to live and taught to our children?

Parents should prepare children for life, tell them that there is good and bad in it. Excessively caring for the child and forbidding him to do something, for example, the phrases “Do not climb, fall”, “Where are you rushing?”, adults form a timid personality with the position of the victim.

This can be avoided if, from early childhood, a child has the feeling that he can control his life, talk about his capabilities, but at the same time set reasonable boundaries.

Many people say, “There is nothing we can do.” This is a very infantile attitude of adults to life and their children. Parents can do anything, and they can take care of their children’s safety.

It is in our power to prevent a repetition of the tragedy of Kemerovo. There is Russian legislation, there are building codes. Doors of evacuation exits from corridors on floors, halls, foyers, lobby and stairwells should not have constipation that prevents their free opening from the inside without a key.





All evacuation exits must be freely unlocked from the inside. Check the doors and escape routes at your work, school, university, shopping center, where you regularly visit. Imagine if one of us had to take our children out of a smoky room!

Wherever you can’t go, where everything is blocked or closed, take pictures. Specify the place, time, signage, central entrance - and put in FB. In the messenger Telegram specifically for this purpose created bot @otkroydverbot. All addresses will be published in the bot, and also sent to the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation!

Continuing the topic of safety, we offer you an article on how to choose the safest place in transport. This information is certainly useful for lovers of long-distance travel.

You never know what might happen! Someone gets into a burning building, and someone falls on the tracks in the subway. This article will tell you how to escape in this difficult situation.