20 coolest psychological facts, which we currently do not know

1. Do you suffer from "inattention blindness» h2> See the following video. You need to count the number of passes that are made by people in white shirts. Watch a video BEFORE continue reading.



This is an example of what is called "inattention blindness". The idea is that we are often blind to what is going on, we literally "under the nose" when we are focused on some other task.

In this case, a man in a gorilla suit goes through a group of players, stops and goes. Participants engaged in counting the passes often do not notice the gorilla. What's more, those who know about the appearance of gorillas become more inattentive and passed other changes - for example, change the color of curtains and care one of the girls.

2. You can remember only 3-4 elements simultaneously h2> There is a rule of "magic number 7 plus or minus 2", according to which a person can not hold more than 5-9 pieces of information simultaneously. Much of the information in short-term memory is stored for 20-30 seconds, and then we forget it quickly, if you do not repeat again and again.

While most people can keep in mind about 7 digits for a short period, virtually all of us hard to keep 10 digits.

Recent studies show that we are able to store much less: about 3-4 pieces of information at a time. Example - phone number: it is divided into several digital blocks to facilitate memorization.

3. We did not perceive the combination of red and blue h2> Although these colors are used in many national flags, red and blue hardly perceived by our sight when they are next to each other
This is due to an effect called "hromostereopsis", which leads to the fact that some colors "stand" while others are deleted. This causes irritation and eye fatigue.

Most of all, this effect is a combination of red and blue as well as red and green.

4. You see things differently than they perceive h2> According to research at Cambridge University, "nezhavno in kaokm podyakre rpasoloezhny bkuvy in slvoe. Smaoe vaonzhe - it chotby pearvya and ponesdyalya bkuva blyi on svioh Mets ».

Even if the rest of the letters are jumbled, you will be able to read a sentence. This is because the human mind does not read every letter, but the word as a whole. It is constantly processing information from the senses, and how you perceive information (words) are usually different from what you see ( matted letters).

5. You are able to hold the attention of about 10 minutes h2> Even if you are in a meeting, you are interested in the topic, and the man sets out interesting object, the maximum time your attention - 7-10 minutes

6. The ability to defer the pleasure comes from childhood h2> Your ability to postpone immediate gratification of their desires occurs in early childhood. People who from an early age may delay the pleasure, do better in school and cope better with stress and frustration.

7. We are committed to the dreams of 30% of the time h2> Love in the clouds? According to psychologists, we all love to indulge in dreams, at least 30% of the time. Some of us even more, but it's not always a bad thing. The researchers argue that people who love to dream, tend to be more creative and better solve various problems.

8. The habit is formed, on average, 66 days h2> The more complex behaviors that we want to fix, the longer it takes. For those who would like to acquire the habit of regular exercise, usually required in the 1, 5 times longer than those who drew up the habit of eating fruit for lunch. Even if you miss a day, go two, it will not affect the time of acquiring the habit, but missed too many consecutive days can slow down the process.

9. You overestimate your response to future developments h2> We are not very well predict the future. To be precise, we overestimate our response to future events, whether pleasant or negative.

Studies have shown that people believe that positive events, such as marriage or a big win will make them much happier than it does in fact

10. You blame the other person, not the situation (and the situation, and not yourself) h2> Recall a time when you're waiting for the other person is late for an appointment. Chances are, you have explained the delay of his irresponsibility and nesobrannosti. In a similar situation their own late you would be blamed on external factors (traffic jams).

In psychology, this is called the "fundamental attribution error" - the tendency to explain the behavior of other internal features of the person and his own - external factors («I have no choice," "I had no luck»).

Unfortunately, even being aware of our tendency to make unfair judgments, we still continue to make this mistake - inclinations to it lies in all people from birth.

11. Number of friends that you may be limited to h2> Even if you can boast of several thousand friends in social networks, in fact they have a lot less. Psychologists and anthropologists have identified "Dunbar's number" - that is, the maximum number of close relations that a person can have, and it is from 50 to 150.

12. You can not not pay attention to food, sex and danger h2> Have you noticed that people always stop to look at the scenes of accidents. But we can not ignore the danger of the situation. Every person has the oldest area of ​​the brain responsible for survival, which asks: "Can I eat it? Can I do this with sex? Could this kill me? ».

Food, sex and danger - this is the most important thing. After all, people will die without food, without any kind of sex do not continue, and when a man dies, the first two points will not make sense.

13. Do you know how to do things that have never done before h2> Imagine that you have never seen the iPad, but you gave him and asked him to read the book. Even before you turn the iPad and begin to use it in your head already be assuming the book will look like on screen, what functions you can use, and how you do it.

In other words, you have a "mental model" of reading books with the tablet, even if you have never done this before. It will be different from the model that has a human, read before e-books and those who do not knows what the iPad.

These models are based on incomplete facts, past experience and the intuitive presentation.

14. Do you want more choices than you can overpower h2> If you go into any supermarket, you will find a huge range of products, because people "need a big choice».

In one study conducted in the supermarket, researchers presented participants of 6 kinds of jam, then 24 kinds of jams. Although people often stayed at the counter with 24 kinds of jam, they are 6 times more likely to buy jam on the counter with 6 kinds of jam.

This is simple: despite the fact that it seems to us, if we want more, our brain can handle only a limited number of items at a time.

15. You are happier when busy with something h2> Imagine that you are at the airport, and you need to pick up the luggage. This takes about 12 minutes to get to the baggage claim. When you get to the baggage reclaim belt, you will immediately take away your suitcase.

Now try to imagine a similar situation, but once you get to the issue of the tape in 2 minutes and 10 minutes waiting for the suitcase. Although in both situations receive the baggage took you 12 minutes in the second case, you probably were more impatient and unhappy.

If a person has no reason to be active, he decides to do nothing. And although it helps us save energy, doing nothing makes us feel impatient and unhappy.

16. Most of the decisions you make unconsciously h2> While we like to think that our decisions are carefully monitored and thought, research suggests that the daily decisions are actually subconscious, and there is a reason
Every second, our brains are attacking more than 11 million individual pieces of data, and since we can not all carefully check, the subconscious mind is helping us make a decision.

17. You change your memories h2> We take our memories as a little "movies" that we lose our head and believe that they are stored in the same way as the video on your computer. However, this is not so.

Every time you think back to some event, you change it, because each time the neural pathways are activated in different ways. can influence this and the later events. and the desire to fill the gaps in memory.

For example, you do not remember who else was at the meeting of relatives, but because your aunt is usually present, with time, you can include it in your memories.

18. You can not multi-task h2> If you think you are doing great many things simultaneously, you are wrong. Scientists have proven that we can not do just 2-3 things at once. Of course, we can go and at the same time to talk with your friend, but our brain focuses on one priority function at a time .

The thing is that we can not think about two different things at the same time.

19. Your most vivid memories are wrong h2> Memories exciting and dramatic events in psychology called "flash memory", and they turned out to be full of errors.

Notable examples of this phenomenon are the events related to September 11th. The psychologists asked participants to describe in detail what they were doing, where they were and other details immediately after the attack, and after 3 years.

It was found that 90% of the later descriptions from the original. Many people can describe in detail where and what they were doing at the moment when they heard the news. The problem is only that the these details are incorrect, as the strong emotions associated with memory, distorted memories

20. Your brain is as active during sleep as during wakefulness h2> Once you are asleep and dreaming, your brain processes and accumulate experience in the day, creating the association of the information received, decides what to remember and what to forget.

Surely you have often heard the advice to "sleep well" before an exam or important event. If you want to remember that learned, best go to bed as soon as you learned the material and give the brain time to spread out the information "on the shelves».

via www.infoniac.ru/news/20-psihologicheskih-faktov-kotorye-vy-ne-znali-o-sebe.html