Khrushchev Bashny.Net

In 1963, the US LIFE magazine published a photo essay about the mass construction of housing in Moscow - the capital of the USSR. Photographer Stan Weyman (Stan Wayman) at that time was in the Soviet Union and meticulously captures the entire process: from the stage design to the new home in the apartments, received by workers from the state for free. US citizens 1960 was something to wonder, looking at these pictures from the Soviet Union, but they would be surprised even more if they knew that after 45 years, these modest apartment will truly "golden": Now the price of such "Khrushchev" in Moscow often exceeds the value American home somewhere in the Midwest (one of the consequences of the collapse of the Soviet Union, by the way).

The first experimental fabricated homes were built in 1948 in Moscow at Mount Falcon and Khoroshevskoye highway projects developed respectively Gosstroyproektom (with the participation of the Academy of Architecture of the USSR) and Mosgorproektom. The author of the project of residential houses was Lagutenko VP Initially the houses in height four floors were built with a steel frame, but because of the large consumption of metal (more than 16 kg per 1 m³ of the building) was soon switched to precast concrete frame (steel consumption to 3, 75 kg per 1 m³). Since 1950, except for frame-panel houses with associated joints, in Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev, Magnitogorsk and other cities began construction of frameless panel houses.

The experiment was considered successful, and the Council of Ministers of the USSR on May 9, 1950 № 1911 "On the reduction of the cost of construction" was initiated by the first design of highly precast factories.

The large-scale transition to the new, innovative solutions in the field of construction began with the Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the USSR Council of Ministers on August 19, 1954 "On the development of precast concrete structures and components for the construction," which provided for the construction of 402 plants of precast concrete structures and organization of the manufacture of parts to 200 sites polygon type.

July 31, 1957 the CC CPSU and the USSR Council of Ministers adopted a decree "On the development of housing construction in the USSR", marked the beginning of a new housing development.

After a while the fields around the village near Moscow Cheryomushki became the first practical construction site where in a short time from ready-made house building structures were built five-storey houses. According to some reports, the first Moscow "Khrushchev" is the house number 16 on the street Grimau, 1957 year of construction. Experience cherёmushkinskogo building was subsequently extended to the entire country.

According to other sources, at the beginning of the 1950s, in large industrial centers of the USSR (Moscow, Sverdlovsk, Kuzbass) were built entire neighborhoods of the four-capital houses, construction of which had been made in advance at the factory.