The study will allow to increase the safety of lithium batteries to a new level

Dendrites, tree-like lithium crystals, formed on the electrodes of the batteries quickly (after multiple recharges) reduces battery capacity and can also puncture the membrane and cause a short circuit, causing breakage of the battery or even fire and explosion.





To explore the patterns of growth of dendrites managed to physicists at the University of Michigan (U-M), as they said in an article for ACS Central Science. Taking as the experimental sample battery next generation lithium-metal – scientists have done in her case the window is allowed to capture on camera the process of development of the dendrites.

Their work will allow to increase the safety of lithium batteries to a new level. This is especially true now, when the marginal decrease in the thickness of the batteries in gadgets like Samsung Galaxy Note 7, greatly increases the potential danger of dendrites.
 



Lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries are often called Li-metal as they are metal electrodes. They can store 10 times more energy than the best commercial lithium-ion cells, however, much more recent subject and the emergence of dendrites.

In order to capture the dendrites in development, scientists have placed the battery box under the video microscope of high resolution. With his help they were able to simultaneously track the growth of dendrites and changes in the potential difference between the electrodes during charge and discharge, to identify a possible link between the two processes.

Under the microscope it was seen as during the full cycle of the battery, dendrites first appear on the surface of the electrode, and then grow, like plants in the fall, dry out and crumble with the withdrawal of lithium ions from the electrode. Scientists have observed as depressions remaining after the release of the ions become centers of origin of new dendrites on the next cycle.

It was discovered that not all the dendrites threat. If they are small and evenly cover the surface of the electrode, the more lithium remains involved in the electrochemical reaction and battery is stable.



"I don't think there is a way to prevent the growth of dendrites, said Neil Dasgupta (Dasgupta Neil), adjunct Professor at U-M. But by controlling their growth to ensure long lifetime and better security panels." published

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Source: ko.com.ua/novoe_issledovanie_pozvolit_podnyat_bezopasnost_litievyh_batarej_na_novyj_uroven_117527

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