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The Principality of Monaco (21 pics + text)
The Principality of Monaco, one of the smallest countries in the world (area 1, 95 sq. Km). Located in the south of Europe, on the Mediterranean coast, near the border of France and Italy. Bordered by the French department of Alpes-Maritimes.
The modern history of Monaco dates back to ancient times, when the fertile territory inhabit the Phoenicians, which replaced later came the Greeks and Romans. In the X century the future of the Principality of Monaco fell under the rule of the Genoese, who in 1215 built a fortress here.
For the right of ownership of Monaco competed with the Genoese count of Provence. In 1419 there was finally confirmed Genoese Grimaldi race, and Monaco became an independent feudal principality under the protectorate of Genoa.
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In 1524-1641 gg. Monaco was ruled by Spain and then France, a part of which was included in the French Revolution (1793). After the defeat of Napoleon's history of Monaco has made another significant turn, and the principality on the Congress of Vienna in 1815 was placed under the protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
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In 1861, Prince Charles III sold the rights to the French town of Menton and Roquebrune, which is almost 80% of the principality, in fact, agreeing to a French protectorate. In 1863, in Monte Carlo opened its first casino. It has become one of the most significant events in the history of Monaco, because shortly casinos principality received worldwide fame and became not only the main attraction, but one of the main sources of income of a tiny state.
4
Further more. Liberal financial legislation, including the total abolition of the income tax in 1869, has led to a mass influx of rich people from all over the world. In 1911, the first constitution was adopted in Monaco. Relations with France are governed by a system of bilateral agreements. In 1918, France had the right to place troops in Monaco and approve international treaties signed by the Principality.
5
During World War II of Monaco it was occupied by Nazi Germany. In December 1962 a new constitution, which is still valid.
Principality of Monaco - the only country in Europe where the monarch has the real power (at least formally, and the principality is a constitutional monarchy).
6
Prince Rainier III took the throne in 1929, and in 1956 took his fabulous wedding: Prince married American movie star Grace Patricia Kelly.
Beauty actress and was even clever, charming woman, elegant and has a strong character. In 1957, the princely family of Princess Caroline was born in 1958 - His Highness Prince Albert, and in 1965 - Princess Stephanie. It would have been like in the fairy tales about princesses good, if not a tragedy. The circumstances of the death of Grace Kelly in a car accident in September 1982, is still shrouded in mystery ...
8
Many researchers believe that the Princess Grace wanted to get rid of the control of gambling mafia. Once, during a trip in the car suddenly stopped; when the driver raised the hood, the engine earned as suddenly and the car flew into the abyss ...
9
The princess died, and her daughter Stephanie for many years was bedridden. Now the name of Grace Kelly named one of the central streets of the city's largest theater and a new ultra-modern medical center. After the death of his mother, much has changed in the life of Grimaldi. Prince and princess grew up, became beautiful ... and completely free of the secular prejudices.
10
Because of its dwarf size of Monaco does not have full administrative-territorial units, and is a town consisting of four fused areas: Monaco, Monte Carlo and Fontvieille, La Condamine. Actually Monaco (Old Town) is located in the center of the mini-state, on a cliff overlooking the Cape on Saint-Antoine. The main feature of this is certainly the most attractive piece of land is that it is forbidden to settle foreigners.
11
The main attraction of Monaco today - it is open to the public kind of Grimaldi Palace (one of the oldest dynasties of Europe), built in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Prince's Palace is located on a cliff top, which is visible from the port of Monaco expensive yachts. The walls of the imperial palace are exhibited the ancient cannon, and within a rich collection of works of art and historical relics.
Not far from the Prince's Palace is the Cathedral (built in 1875), where in 1982, was buried in a car accident the deceased wife of Prince Rainier III and his mother is now the ruling Prince Albert II, the American actress Grace Kelly.
13
Here is the legendary Oceanographic Museum of Monaco (a modern building built in 1910) with a large aquarium.
The most iconic of the tiny Monaco - Monte Carlo - is an international resort. In 1878 the architect Charles Garnier - author of the Parisian "Grand Opera" - built here one of the most beautiful casino in the world, as well as the Opera Garnier (now the National Opera of Monaco).
14
Currently, the network of hotels, a casino and baths owns "Society of sea bathing", since 1967 is under the control of the state. Slightly less known area of Monaco La Condamine - is the port, one of the most beautiful in Europe. And Fontvieille - it does tourists unfamiliar new industrial district of the principality, built on reclaimed in an unequal battle at sea and drained territory.
15
The country is home to 31, 7 thousand. People (2000). According to the density of the population (16,253 people per 1 sq. Km) Monaco ranks first in the world. For Monaco is characterized by high life expectancy of the population: approx. 75 years for men and 83 years for women (estimated for 2000) and a large proportion of the population over 65 years (23%).
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Children and teenagers under 15 years old account for 15% and the age group of 15 to 65 years - 62%. The birth rate in 2000 was estimated at 9, 94 per 1,000 population, the mortality rate - 13, 06 in 1000, an influx of immigrants - 7, 89 by 1000. As a result of population growth was 0, 48%. Infant mortality is estimated at 5, 92 per 1,000 live births.
17
The indigenous people of Monaco, Monegasque, make up 16% of the population, French - 47%, Italians - 16%, the British - 4%, the Belgians - 2%, the Swiss - 1%. The official language - French, are widely used as Monegasque, Italian and English. In religious terms the population of Monaco is homogeneous - about 90% are Roman Catholic.
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Since 1911 - with breaks, of course - it is held one of the oldest in the world of Monte Carlo Rally
19
Also, every year the tiny footprint of the Principality of Monaco takes participants and guests of one of the most prestigious sporting events - the Monaco Grand Prix (competition racing cars) - the famous stage of the Formula 1 in Monaco. Today it is the world's only Formula 1 race, taking place right on the city streets. The spectacle is simply unforgettable, though, of course, extremely dangerous.
20
But hardly any of the regulars, among them many celebrities of the first magnitude, agree to miss this event, albeit for reasons of security. The average speed of the route increased from 80 km / h in the first stage of the Formula 1 in Monaco (1929) to today's 152 kilometers per hour.
And, by analogy with the French statement that if you were in Courchevel - you're a star, you can make the logical conclusion: if you visit every year the Formula 1 in Monaco, then most likely, you are a millionaire ...
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The modern history of Monaco dates back to ancient times, when the fertile territory inhabit the Phoenicians, which replaced later came the Greeks and Romans. In the X century the future of the Principality of Monaco fell under the rule of the Genoese, who in 1215 built a fortress here.
For the right of ownership of Monaco competed with the Genoese count of Provence. In 1419 there was finally confirmed Genoese Grimaldi race, and Monaco became an independent feudal principality under the protectorate of Genoa.
2
In 1524-1641 gg. Monaco was ruled by Spain and then France, a part of which was included in the French Revolution (1793). After the defeat of Napoleon's history of Monaco has made another significant turn, and the principality on the Congress of Vienna in 1815 was placed under the protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
3
In 1861, Prince Charles III sold the rights to the French town of Menton and Roquebrune, which is almost 80% of the principality, in fact, agreeing to a French protectorate. In 1863, in Monte Carlo opened its first casino. It has become one of the most significant events in the history of Monaco, because shortly casinos principality received worldwide fame and became not only the main attraction, but one of the main sources of income of a tiny state.
4
Further more. Liberal financial legislation, including the total abolition of the income tax in 1869, has led to a mass influx of rich people from all over the world. In 1911, the first constitution was adopted in Monaco. Relations with France are governed by a system of bilateral agreements. In 1918, France had the right to place troops in Monaco and approve international treaties signed by the Principality.
5
During World War II of Monaco it was occupied by Nazi Germany. In December 1962 a new constitution, which is still valid.
Principality of Monaco - the only country in Europe where the monarch has the real power (at least formally, and the principality is a constitutional monarchy).
6
Prince Rainier III took the throne in 1929, and in 1956 took his fabulous wedding: Prince married American movie star Grace Patricia Kelly.
Beauty actress and was even clever, charming woman, elegant and has a strong character. In 1957, the princely family of Princess Caroline was born in 1958 - His Highness Prince Albert, and in 1965 - Princess Stephanie. It would have been like in the fairy tales about princesses good, if not a tragedy. The circumstances of the death of Grace Kelly in a car accident in September 1982, is still shrouded in mystery ...
8
Many researchers believe that the Princess Grace wanted to get rid of the control of gambling mafia. Once, during a trip in the car suddenly stopped; when the driver raised the hood, the engine earned as suddenly and the car flew into the abyss ...
9
The princess died, and her daughter Stephanie for many years was bedridden. Now the name of Grace Kelly named one of the central streets of the city's largest theater and a new ultra-modern medical center. After the death of his mother, much has changed in the life of Grimaldi. Prince and princess grew up, became beautiful ... and completely free of the secular prejudices.
10
Because of its dwarf size of Monaco does not have full administrative-territorial units, and is a town consisting of four fused areas: Monaco, Monte Carlo and Fontvieille, La Condamine. Actually Monaco (Old Town) is located in the center of the mini-state, on a cliff overlooking the Cape on Saint-Antoine. The main feature of this is certainly the most attractive piece of land is that it is forbidden to settle foreigners.
11
The main attraction of Monaco today - it is open to the public kind of Grimaldi Palace (one of the oldest dynasties of Europe), built in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Prince's Palace is located on a cliff top, which is visible from the port of Monaco expensive yachts. The walls of the imperial palace are exhibited the ancient cannon, and within a rich collection of works of art and historical relics.
Not far from the Prince's Palace is the Cathedral (built in 1875), where in 1982, was buried in a car accident the deceased wife of Prince Rainier III and his mother is now the ruling Prince Albert II, the American actress Grace Kelly.
13
Here is the legendary Oceanographic Museum of Monaco (a modern building built in 1910) with a large aquarium.
The most iconic of the tiny Monaco - Monte Carlo - is an international resort. In 1878 the architect Charles Garnier - author of the Parisian "Grand Opera" - built here one of the most beautiful casino in the world, as well as the Opera Garnier (now the National Opera of Monaco).
14
Currently, the network of hotels, a casino and baths owns "Society of sea bathing", since 1967 is under the control of the state. Slightly less known area of Monaco La Condamine - is the port, one of the most beautiful in Europe. And Fontvieille - it does tourists unfamiliar new industrial district of the principality, built on reclaimed in an unequal battle at sea and drained territory.
15
The country is home to 31, 7 thousand. People (2000). According to the density of the population (16,253 people per 1 sq. Km) Monaco ranks first in the world. For Monaco is characterized by high life expectancy of the population: approx. 75 years for men and 83 years for women (estimated for 2000) and a large proportion of the population over 65 years (23%).
16
Children and teenagers under 15 years old account for 15% and the age group of 15 to 65 years - 62%. The birth rate in 2000 was estimated at 9, 94 per 1,000 population, the mortality rate - 13, 06 in 1000, an influx of immigrants - 7, 89 by 1000. As a result of population growth was 0, 48%. Infant mortality is estimated at 5, 92 per 1,000 live births.
17
The indigenous people of Monaco, Monegasque, make up 16% of the population, French - 47%, Italians - 16%, the British - 4%, the Belgians - 2%, the Swiss - 1%. The official language - French, are widely used as Monegasque, Italian and English. In religious terms the population of Monaco is homogeneous - about 90% are Roman Catholic.
18
Since 1911 - with breaks, of course - it is held one of the oldest in the world of Monte Carlo Rally
19
Also, every year the tiny footprint of the Principality of Monaco takes participants and guests of one of the most prestigious sporting events - the Monaco Grand Prix (competition racing cars) - the famous stage of the Formula 1 in Monaco. Today it is the world's only Formula 1 race, taking place right on the city streets. The spectacle is simply unforgettable, though, of course, extremely dangerous.
20
But hardly any of the regulars, among them many celebrities of the first magnitude, agree to miss this event, albeit for reasons of security. The average speed of the route increased from 80 km / h in the first stage of the Formula 1 in Monaco (1929) to today's 152 kilometers per hour.
And, by analogy with the French statement that if you were in Courchevel - you're a star, you can make the logical conclusion: if you visit every year the Formula 1 in Monaco, then most likely, you are a millionaire ...
21
Source:
