Weapons century. Artillery, better guns.

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№1 most advanced self-propelled gun: Self-propelled Howitzer PZH 2000
Country: Germany
developed: 1998 Caliber: 155 mm
Weight: 55, 73 m
Barrel length: 8, 06 m
Rate: 10 rds / min
Range: up to 56 000m
Mysterious letters PZH in the name of self-propelled howitzer, which is considered today the most advanced commercially available from automotive systems, just decrypted and businesslike: Panzerhaubitze (armored howitzer).
If you do not take vraschet exotics like "Paris Gun" or experimental US-Canadian tools HARP, threw bombs at the height of 180 km, the PZH 2000 is a world record for the firing range - 56km. However, this result was achieved during the test firing in South Africa, where special shell V-LAP, using not only the energy of powder gases in the trunk, but also its own jet thrust. In the "normal life" of the German self-propelled guns firing range is vpredelah 30-50 km, which is about the parameters of Soviet heavy 203 mm self-propelled howitzer 2S7 "Pion».
Of course, the parameters rate of "Peony" to PZH 2000 as the moon - 2, 5 rds / min against 10. On the other hand, "classmate" German gaubitsy- modern "MSTA-S" from 7-8 shots per minute looks pretty good although inferior to the firing range.
The instrument developed by the German company Krauss-Maffeu Wegmann Within the framework of the so-called Joint Memorandum of Understanding in the field of ballistics, concluded between Italy, Britain iGermaniey. Equipped with self-propelled 155-mm gun L52 production koporatsii Rheinmetall. 8-meter (52-gauge) chrome-plated barrel over the entire length and is equipped with a muzzle brake and an ejector. Electric Drive guidance, automatic loading, which ensures a high rate of fire. Vmashine applied multi-fuel diesel engine MTU-881 with hydromechanical transmission HSWL. Engine power - 986 hp PZH2000 has a cruising range of 420 km imozhet move smaksimalnoy speed 60km / h on roads and 45 km / h cross country. Fortunately, the great wars where weapons similar PZH 2000 there would be a good use, the world has not yet happened, but the experience of combat use of self-propelled guns in the international peacekeeping force in Afghanistan has. This experience has brought cause for criticism - the Dutch did not like the system of protection against radioactive, biological or chemical attack was defenseless against the pervasive dust. It took a gun tower and equip additional armor to protect the crew from the mortar attacks.





№2 The heaviest self-propelled gun: Karl-propelled mortar Gerat.Strana Germany
Start of production: 1940
Caliber: 600/540 mm
Weight: 126 tons
Barrel length: 4, 2/6, 24 m
Rate of fire: 1 shot / 10 min
Range: up to 6700 m
Tracked machine with absurdly large-caliber instrument looks like a parody of the armored vehicles, but the combat use of this machine has found itself. Production of six self-propelled 600-mm mortars such as "Karl" was an important sign of the militarist revival of Nazi Germany. The Germans were eager for revenge for the First World War and prepared a suitable technique for future Verdun. Die Hard, however, I had to bite quite at the other end of Europe, and two of the "Charles" - "Thor" and "Odin" - was destined to disembark in the Crimea, to help the Nazis to seize Sevastopol. After releasing several dozen concrete-and high-explosive shells at the heroic 30th battery, mortars knocked out her gun. The mortars were really self-propelled: they are equipped with tracks and 12-cylinder diesel engine Daimler-Benz 507 750 hp However, these hulks could move under its own power with a speed of 5 km / h, and that for short distances. Of course, neither of which maneuvering in battle could not be out of the question.



№3 most modern Russian self-propelled gun "MSTA-S»
Country: USSR
entered service: 1989
Caliber: 152 mm
Weight: 43, 56 m
Barrel length: 7 144 m
Rate: 7-8 rds / min
Range: 24 to 700 m
"MSTA-S" - self-propelled howitzer (index 2S19) - the most advanced in the Russian self-propelled gun, despite the fact that entered service in 1989. "MSTA-S" is designed to destroy tactical nuclear weapons, artillery and mortar batteries, tanks and other armored vehicles, anti-tank weapons, manpower, air defense and missile defense, command and control, as well as to destroy field fortifications and obstructing the maneuvers of enemy reserves in the depth of his defense. It can fire on observable and unobservable targets from concealed positions, and direct fire, including work in the mountains. Recharge System can fire at any angle pointing in the direction of elevation and guns with a maximum rate of return without loading tools on the line. Projectile weight exceeds 42 kg, so to facilitate the work of charging boeukladki they are fed automatically. The mechanism for filing charges - semi-automatic type. The presence of additional pipelines supplying ammunition from the ground allows for the firing, without consuming internal ammunition.



№4 biggest naval weapon: the main gauge of the battleship "Yamato»
Country: Japan
adopted for: 1940
Caliber: 460 mm
Weight: 147, 3 tons
Barrel length: 21, 13 m
Rate: 2 rds / min
Range: 42 000 meters
One of the last in the history of dreadnoughts - Battleship "Yamato", armed with nine guns of unprecedented caliber - 460 mm, and was unable to make effective use of its firepower. The main gauge has been set in motion only once - October 25, 1944 off the island of Samar (Philippines). The damage caused by the US Navy, has been extremely low. Vostalnoe time carriers simply can not fend for themselves on the battleship firing range and finally destroyed it by the carrier-based aircraft April 7, 1945



№5 most massive cannon of World: 76, 2-mm field gun ZIS-3
Country: USSR
developed: 1941
Gauge: 76, 2 mm
Weight: 1, 2 tons
Barrel length 3 048 m
Rate: 25 rds / min
Range: 13,290 m
The gun design VG Grabina distinguished by simplicity of design, it was not very demanding on the quality of materials and metal, that is ideally suited for mass production. The gun was not a masterpiece of mechanics, which, of course, affected the accuracy of shooting, but the amount of time it was thought more important than quality.



6. The largest mortar: Little David

Country: US
Start of the test: 1944 Caliber: 914 mm
Weight: 36, 3 tons
Barrel length: 6, 7 m
Rate: NA
Range: 9700 m
Of all people, and the Americans during World War II were not seen in the gun megalomania, but still one outstanding achievement belongs to them. Giant mortar Little David with a monstrous caliber of 914 mm was a prototype heavy siege guns with which America was going to storm the Japanese islands. Projectile weight 1678kg, of course, "point to rustle," but "little David" suffers from medieval mortars - hit close and inaccurate. As a result, to intimidate the Japanese found something more interesting, asuperminomet have not done some fighting.



№7 biggest rail gun: Dora
Country: Germany
Test: 1941
Caliber: 807 mm
Weight: 1350 tons
Barrel length: 32, 48 m
Rate: 14 rds / day
Range: 39 000 meters
"Dora" and "Heavy Gustav" - two of the world supermonstra caliber 800 mm artillery that the Germans were prepared to break the Maginot Line. But, like the self-propelled "Thor" and "One", "Douro" eventually drove Sebastopol. Cannon served directly from the calculation of 250 people, has ten times more men perform auxiliary functions. However, accuracy of 5-7-ton projectiles was not very large, some of them fell without tearing. The main effect of the attacks on "Dora" was psychological.



8. The heaviest Soviet guns of World: howitzer B-4
203, 4-mm howitzer, probably one of the main contenders for the title of "Weapons of Victory." While the Red Army was retreating, in a gun he did not need, but as soon as our troops went to the west, howitzer very useful in order to break through the wall through the Polish and German cities, transformed into "festungi." The instrument was nicknamed "hundred-ling-lic Sledgehammer", although given this nickname not Germans and Finns, meet B-4 on the Mannerheim line.
Country: SSSR.prinyata adopted: 1934
Caliber: 203, 4 mm
Weight: 17, 7 t.Dlina trunk: 5 087 m
Rate of fire: 1 shot / 2 minutes
Range: 17,890 m



№9 biggest Towed Guns: siege mortar M-Gerat
Country: Germany
entered service: 1913
Caliber: 420 mm
Weight: 42, 6 tons
Barrel length: 6, 72 m
Rate of fire: 1 shot / min 8
Range: 12,300 m
"Big Bertha" was a good compromise between power and mobility. This is exactly what the designers achieved the company Krupp, inspired by the success of the Japanese stormed Port Arthur using large-caliber naval guns. Unlike its predecessor - Gamma-mortar GerKt that led to the fire with concrete cradle, "Big Bertha" does not require special installation, and by fighting position towed tractor. Its 820-kg projectiles successfully crushed the concrete walls of the forts of Liege, but in Verdun, where the fortifications used reinforced concrete, were not as effective.



Most long-range gun №10: Kaiser Wilhelm Geschotz
Country: Germany
taken into service: 1918
Caliber: 211-238 mm
Weight: 232 tons
Barrel length: 28 m
Rate: 6-7 rds / day
Range: 130 000 m

The barrel of the gun, also known as the "Paris Gun", "enormous" or "Cannon Kaiser Wilhelm" is a set of tubes inserted into the reamed muzzle naval gun. This "whip" that is not much hanging in the shot, reinforced stretch, like the one that used to support the crane booms. Still shaken by the barrel after firing long damped oscillations. However InMarch 1918 stun gun failed the people of Paris, who thought that the front away. Flew 130 km 120-kg bombs killed six weeks more than 250 attacks Parisians.



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