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10 incredible archaeological discoveries
Mankind has always been fascinated by the past. We all love to sometimes think about how to live those who lived on Earth before us by our ancestors. Before you - a selection of the most significant findings, telling about ancient civilizations.
1. Israeli zahoroneniya
In the caves of Mount Carmel in Israel have found human burial. What is surprising is that the bodies were buried, along with ocean shells, although the tombs are located at some distance from the ocean. Since in the wilderness shells were used not for food remains suggest that they served as ceremonial ornaments.
The importance of the findings is that it tells about the many rituals of our ancestors and shows how developing societies.
2. Tin rudniki
The discovery of bronze is considered a significant achievement in metal. Very few metals are valuable in themselves, in a natural form - these include, for example, gold and silver. Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin, and as a material for tools and murder until a certain time approach better than the rest.
Unfortunately, the tin is quite rare in Europe, but people have long been known for a powerful tool for engaging and receiving of what they needed - trade. So, the Greeks imported tin from one of the few fields in Cornwall in England.
Archaeological studies have shown these mines, mines that have been used for thousands of years. Bronze items, which comprises this tin, found on the Mediterranean coast, which means that in those days people were not isolated from each other as we used to think.
3. Troya
Until the mid-19th century it was believed that the legendary city of Troy and the famous Trojan War - just a legend. However, in 1871 the archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann, using data from the texts of Homer's "Iliad" and "Odyssey", was able to find the physical remains of the city on a hill Hissarlik in Turkey. The researchers also found at this location many treasures. But the importance of the findings is not even treasures, and that fairy tales, legends and stories with the right approach can serve as a very reliable source of information.
4. The polished stone instrumenty
The oldest polished stone tools were found in Japan. Their age - 30 000 years. It is assumed that stone axes have played a big role in deforestation that took place in the Neolithic period, when people began to develop agriculture.
However, the hatchets were found very many, and some were so heavy and cumbersome that it is possible to conclude that the gun has served not only tools, but also a symbol of social status. And that means, that's when there was a huge leap in the social history of mankind. But that's not all: the latest men were buried with such axes. Ultimately, the ax was the symbol of the collective memory of society and of the individual performs the same function as the modern tombstone.
5. Signs of Vindolandy
In the North of England found the so-called Hadrian's Wall - the remains of an ancient fort. People lived here during the power of the Roman Empire. They left behind a wooden tablets with inscriptions, preserved to our days. The documents are unique in that this is not the speech of the emperors, and the message of ordinary soldiers and sometimes even their wives.
For example, one of them says: "As befits an honest man, I beg Your Majesty not to let me, an innocent man, beaten with sticks." These letters provide insights into the life of the soldiers at the time.
6. Oksirinhskie papirusy
Oxyrhynchus was a city in southern Egypt. In it there would be nothing special if it were not for a quirk of the environment. The fact is that in a dry desert climate perfectly preserved many things. When people found the city, and in it - the texts on papyrus paper, they just threw them away, we throw away the newspaper. However, one day, and archaeologists have come to the dump, causing fragments were discovered rare Bible. Unfortunately, only fragments - most of the lyrics are not found until now.
7. Library Ashshurbanipala
Library of Ashurbanipal, also known as the library of Nineveh, is the oldest collection of texts to be translated to our planet. It is believed that a flourishing between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates civilization arose one of the first. To control such State kings of Mesopotamia had to find a way to publish laws and property records.
Probably written in this state it was originally invented to account. A library of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal gives an idea of the development of writing. Among the texts found there, and there is the famous epic of King Gilgamesh - the story of a man, let him after the death of his friend in the journey to find the reasons that people have to die.
8. L'Anse aux Medouz
In school we are taught that America was discovered by Christopher Columbus. However, this is not entirely true: Europeans first visited the New World at least 500 years before his birth.
L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland is home to the Viking settlement in America. There is an Icelandic poem - the saga of Eric - which describes the North American settlement Vinladii. Before nedavenego time the poem was considered nothing more than a legend, but in the 1960s the settlement was found. This discovery teaches us that you can forget all the flesh to the information on the location of the entire continent.
9. India tsivilizatsiya
If so, you can forget about the whole continent, why not forget about an entire civilization? Three great states grew near the rivers, but if Egypt and Mesopotamia information preserved, then the state in the Indus Valley to the 20th century, it was almost nothing is known.
Recently, along the banks of the Indus were discovered the ruins of cities with traces of technology, science and literature. Find them was not easy, because the river, once gave life to these cities as their own and destroyed. Art of India civilization demonstrates a significant level of social equality. Most likely, the transition from tyranny to democracy in this society was very short, and such data are of great importance to historians.
10. Gobekli Tepe
Gobekli Tepe - is the world's oldest megalithic structures. It is located in Turkey and is the temple complex of huge vertical stones and columns with elaborately carved in the form of animals and abstract pictographs.
It is believed that the complex was built over 000 years ago 12. It was still before the Middle East began to emerge the first settlements, which indicates the high social organization builders, and carvings on the walls - one of the world's oldest forms of writing, which is not yet deciphered. This monument of ancient architecture, says that people came together and formed a complex society much earlier than we could imagine.
via factroom.ru
1. Israeli zahoroneniya
In the caves of Mount Carmel in Israel have found human burial. What is surprising is that the bodies were buried, along with ocean shells, although the tombs are located at some distance from the ocean. Since in the wilderness shells were used not for food remains suggest that they served as ceremonial ornaments.
The importance of the findings is that it tells about the many rituals of our ancestors and shows how developing societies.
2. Tin rudniki
The discovery of bronze is considered a significant achievement in metal. Very few metals are valuable in themselves, in a natural form - these include, for example, gold and silver. Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin, and as a material for tools and murder until a certain time approach better than the rest.
Unfortunately, the tin is quite rare in Europe, but people have long been known for a powerful tool for engaging and receiving of what they needed - trade. So, the Greeks imported tin from one of the few fields in Cornwall in England.
Archaeological studies have shown these mines, mines that have been used for thousands of years. Bronze items, which comprises this tin, found on the Mediterranean coast, which means that in those days people were not isolated from each other as we used to think.
3. Troya
Until the mid-19th century it was believed that the legendary city of Troy and the famous Trojan War - just a legend. However, in 1871 the archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann, using data from the texts of Homer's "Iliad" and "Odyssey", was able to find the physical remains of the city on a hill Hissarlik in Turkey. The researchers also found at this location many treasures. But the importance of the findings is not even treasures, and that fairy tales, legends and stories with the right approach can serve as a very reliable source of information.
4. The polished stone instrumenty
The oldest polished stone tools were found in Japan. Their age - 30 000 years. It is assumed that stone axes have played a big role in deforestation that took place in the Neolithic period, when people began to develop agriculture.
However, the hatchets were found very many, and some were so heavy and cumbersome that it is possible to conclude that the gun has served not only tools, but also a symbol of social status. And that means, that's when there was a huge leap in the social history of mankind. But that's not all: the latest men were buried with such axes. Ultimately, the ax was the symbol of the collective memory of society and of the individual performs the same function as the modern tombstone.
5. Signs of Vindolandy
In the North of England found the so-called Hadrian's Wall - the remains of an ancient fort. People lived here during the power of the Roman Empire. They left behind a wooden tablets with inscriptions, preserved to our days. The documents are unique in that this is not the speech of the emperors, and the message of ordinary soldiers and sometimes even their wives.
For example, one of them says: "As befits an honest man, I beg Your Majesty not to let me, an innocent man, beaten with sticks." These letters provide insights into the life of the soldiers at the time.
6. Oksirinhskie papirusy
Oxyrhynchus was a city in southern Egypt. In it there would be nothing special if it were not for a quirk of the environment. The fact is that in a dry desert climate perfectly preserved many things. When people found the city, and in it - the texts on papyrus paper, they just threw them away, we throw away the newspaper. However, one day, and archaeologists have come to the dump, causing fragments were discovered rare Bible. Unfortunately, only fragments - most of the lyrics are not found until now.
7. Library Ashshurbanipala
Library of Ashurbanipal, also known as the library of Nineveh, is the oldest collection of texts to be translated to our planet. It is believed that a flourishing between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates civilization arose one of the first. To control such State kings of Mesopotamia had to find a way to publish laws and property records.
Probably written in this state it was originally invented to account. A library of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal gives an idea of the development of writing. Among the texts found there, and there is the famous epic of King Gilgamesh - the story of a man, let him after the death of his friend in the journey to find the reasons that people have to die.
8. L'Anse aux Medouz
In school we are taught that America was discovered by Christopher Columbus. However, this is not entirely true: Europeans first visited the New World at least 500 years before his birth.
L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland is home to the Viking settlement in America. There is an Icelandic poem - the saga of Eric - which describes the North American settlement Vinladii. Before nedavenego time the poem was considered nothing more than a legend, but in the 1960s the settlement was found. This discovery teaches us that you can forget all the flesh to the information on the location of the entire continent.
9. India tsivilizatsiya
If so, you can forget about the whole continent, why not forget about an entire civilization? Three great states grew near the rivers, but if Egypt and Mesopotamia information preserved, then the state in the Indus Valley to the 20th century, it was almost nothing is known.
Recently, along the banks of the Indus were discovered the ruins of cities with traces of technology, science and literature. Find them was not easy, because the river, once gave life to these cities as their own and destroyed. Art of India civilization demonstrates a significant level of social equality. Most likely, the transition from tyranny to democracy in this society was very short, and such data are of great importance to historians.
10. Gobekli Tepe
Gobekli Tepe - is the world's oldest megalithic structures. It is located in Turkey and is the temple complex of huge vertical stones and columns with elaborately carved in the form of animals and abstract pictographs.
It is believed that the complex was built over 000 years ago 12. It was still before the Middle East began to emerge the first settlements, which indicates the high social organization builders, and carvings on the walls - one of the world's oldest forms of writing, which is not yet deciphered. This monument of ancient architecture, says that people came together and formed a complex society much earlier than we could imagine.
via factroom.ru
