Sailing windmill: design analysis and examples of usage Bashny.Net

Mankind uses sails from time immemorial, for thousands of years. In General, long as he can remember. When about aerodynamics and still had no idea. But windmills have swirled and the boat under sail has already sailed. However, in those days, commonly used flat sails. In the middle ages were invented sails better, which immediately resulted in a sharp jump in the development of navigation, and as a result the most famous geographical discoveries. But still the sail continued to serve and will serve people for as long as the wind blows.

Looks like sailing a windmill you can see from the photos. Without going into the wilds of aerodynamics, we can say that windmill sailing is one of the most simple but at the same time one of the most inefficient of existing wind turbines. Kiev sailing, the wind turbine may not be higher than 20% even in theory. This means that you will receive only 1/5 of the power of the wind flow impinging on the blades of the windmill sail. For example, if the wind is blowing at a speed of 5 m/s and the wind turbine is 5 meters in diameter, the power of the wind flow will be about 1500 Watts. You can actually remove the wind turbine is only 300 Watts (at best). And that's with a five-meter design!





Fortunately only low KIEV (coefficient of use of wind energy). sailing wind turbine and limited. Then there are only advantages.

Sailing windmill — the windmill is slow. His speed rarely approaches 2, and is typically in the range from 1 to 1.5. And all because of his monstrous aerodynamics.

On the other hand, sailing the windmill is one of the most sensitive turbines. It runs from the bottom of the range of wind speeds ranging from calm, with 1-2 meters per second. And it namalovany factor in the conditions of Central Russia, where the wind rarely more than 3-5 meters per second. Here, where more high-speed turbines for the most part just laying around, sailing the wind turbine will be to give at least something. Although, as you probably know, Russia is not famous for its windmills, there are not coastal Holland and wind we do not indulge. But there were many watermills.

Another advantage of the sailing of the windmill is amazing and the simplicity of its design. The shaft of the wind turbine, the bearings, of course, the shaft — hub. Attached to the hub of the "mast", typically from 8 to 24. And from the masts away the slant sails of durable thin matter, usually synthetic. The other part of the sail attached sheets, which perform the role of controllers of the angle of rotation of the sails and the role of storm protection. That is, the most primitive sailing rig, is simpler than the most simple boat.

This simple design and allows you to send sailing a windmill in the archive of technical achievements of mankind. For portable, transportable, camping, emergency option of sailing a windmill — quite a decent design. In assembled form it is a packing no more than a tent. The sails collapsed, folded mast. Even 2-meter sailing a windmill in the wind 5 metres/sec will give the correct 25-40 Watts of energy, which is more than enough for charging the battery and the communication and navigation equipment, and for the simple lighting system powerful led lights will suffice.

By definition, a low power sailing windmill suggests the use as a generator the stepper motor the same power ( 30-40 Watts). It is also not required high speed, 200-300 per minute is enough. That is perfectly consistent with the rpm of the wind turbine. After all, he as the speed to 1.5, will give these 200 turns, even at wind 4-5 m / sec. Using a stepper motor you will save yourself from quite a serious hassle for the manufacture of the generator. As originally implied the presence of a reducer or multiplier, it is easy to coordinate the sailing speed of the wind turbine and generator.

If you make a version with a hard (plastic sails), it will be possible to increase some speed, though at the expense of some reduction in mobility. Unassembled windmill will occupy more space.





So if your ambition is to saragani wind in your cart are limited to a capacity of a couple of tens of Watts to charge small and medium-sized batteries (100 Ah), the organization of simple lighting inverter to 220 volts and energy-saving lamps, a sailing wind turbine is a very decent option. It will be if not the most effective in the use of wind power, but very low cost and fast payback option. 2-3 meters of windmill will give you up to 1 KW of power per day.

As Hiking, sailing wind turbine will be cheaper than the cheapest gasoline generator and will pay for itself initially.

Fixed sailing wind turbines build initially large because of their low KIEV. At least 5-6 meters in diameter, otherwise it makes no sense. This windmill are already steadily will produce up to 2-3 KWh of energy per day. And with judicious use, they can be turned into 3-5 KW of lighting energy (e.g. for lighting of greenhouses or greenhouse). And when using a heat pump of 5-6 KW of heat energy that will allow to heat a small garden house in the 20-30 square meters and seriously to save fuel.

Therefore, sailing the windmill, despite its archaic design is the way to use wind is still noteworthy. Especially in the area of weak winds.

The upper limit of the speed of wind at the sailing wind turbine is no more than 10-12 meters / second. And then the most reliable wind turbines. Therefore, when designing a sailing wind turbine should seriously attend to storm protection. For example to make a "breaking" of the mast, based on the design of the antenna Kulikov, or come up with a device relaxing the sheets to turn the sail in the flag, or fold the mast with the help of ropes –stretch marks, etc.

P. S. And remember, only by changing their consumption — together we change the world! ©

Source: dom.delaysam.ru/ekoelektro/ekoelektro7.html