Bashny.Net
Made in the USSR: IL
Bashny.Net
Izhikov in the fog.
Why Russia is no longer manufactured motorcycles from Udmurtia?
Although motorcycles of various modifications and features created in Soviet times several plants, "IL" certainly was the most common. And in the village at all for a long time it remained almost the only mode of transport. He rolled the girls went on a fishing trip, drove the hay and firewood - once is not used.
Meanwhile, few people know that the beginning of the pedigree "IL" in the beginning of the last century, when the factory "Izhstal" came after studying at the University of Leipzig, a young engineer Peter Mozharov noble roots. On the history of Izhevsk motorcycles says the director of the museum of "Izhmash" Alexey Azov.
Alexei, who was Peter Mozharov and how his fate?
Alexey Azov: Heat by training, he was already passionately interested in motorsport, he had his own import motorcycle on which he "dissected" in Izhevsk.
The city Mozharov upgraded boilers, constructed gliders and even a snowmobile, but this time he did not let the dream of his own, not imported, Soviet motorcycle. And in 1929 together with a group of enthusiasts as it produced the first experimental series motorcycles "IL." The first three "IgE" - first to third modification - were heavy. The fourth and fifth - light. All of this column technology in September 1929 with the participation of several cars went first, created a sensation, the Soviet motocross Izhevsk - Nizhny Novgorod - Moscow - Leningrad - Kharkov.
The main result of motocross - motorcycle design was so successful that all the many thousands of road convoy done with little or no damage. It would seem that the bike can be run in the series, but this was not done. There was a large construction project in the Supreme Economic Council (the Supreme Economic Council) faced different opinions about the priorities and the need for motorcycle factory in Izhevsk failed to prove.
Nevertheless, it later became Izhevsk "capital" of the Soviet motorcycles?
Azov: After one failed attempt Mozharov goes first in Leningrad, where he designs a light bike, and then in Moscow, where he creates heavy. But then again he returned to Izhevsk, where five experienced manufactures of motorcycles and takes them to the show in the capital. At this time, the country's leadership has given "good", and motorcycles are starting to do on standard Podolsk Machine-Building Plant. Just before the war, was made 4, 5 thousand. Pieces. While for a country that is a drop in the sea, they can still be found in museums and private collections.
Still, the city where it is to be organized the mass production of motor vehicles, it is seen Mozharov Izhevsk. Here at the newly established motorcycle factory, and it was arranged production truly massive Soviet motorcycles "IL-6" and "IL-7».
As soon as the first motorcycle went off the assembly line, Mozharov first ever takes a vacation, which became fatal for him. In March 1934, a telegram arrived at the plant, which reported: Mozharov died under mysterious circumstances. Whether committed suicide, or someone "helped" to leave him out of life. In 2012, his grave only by chance found the locals. They are interested in the inscription on the ruins of a tombstone reads that are buried founder of the first Soviet motorcycle.
During the war the plant also produced motorcycles?
Azov: No, with the beginning of the war Motoplant switched to production of machine guns "Maxim", but after the war, the company returned to "IZham." Although not quite to the "IZham." In 1946, out of Dresden was almost entirely exported to Izhevsk small motorcycle factory «DKW», which actually determined the fate of future Izhevsk motorcycles, and indeed the whole of the Soviet motor vehicles, given the scale of production in Izhevsk. Moreover, according to some, not for the better. The fact that the basis was taken German motorcycle with an engine capacity of 350 cubic meters. cm. This parameter after the war almost everywhere, except in a few countries of the socialist camp, has been forgotten. And the world was flooded with 500 cc motorcycles and "multiple" named varieties with engine capacity from 125 to 1000 "cubes". And if it was sent to Izhevsk, for example, the plant «BMW», which already has specialized in the production of 500-cc machines, remains to be seen, as if fate domestic motoproma. But the history of the subjunctive, as we know, does not tolerate, and Izhevsk plant began to produce motorcycles with engine capacity of 350 "cubes».
To start production of motorcycles, the plant brought a group of German engineers. Thus was created the first post-war motorcycle Izhevsk - the famous "IL-49", which was almost a copy of «DKW-350." It changed the front suspension - set telescopic fork, set the second seat, new shock absorbers, made a number of minor changes. Perhaps it is because they do not become severely interfere in the design of the German machine "IL-49" to obtain reliable and in 1956 produced large volumes. Then came "Izh-56 'with flaps instrument box, great speed and engine power.
In the 1970s he and his modifications come to replace the famous family of "Planet" - the most massive Soviet motorcycle. Try to change it later, the two-cylinder "Jupiter" was less robust and this popularity has not received.
Now the plant produces more motorcycles?
Azov: Unfortunately, no. April 1, 2008 issue of "IL" was discontinued. Total assembly line descended 10,770 thousand. Motorbikes. Why is all over, it is difficult to say. This still argue. Personally, I believe that, despite the abundance of external brands, for decades the factory produced essentially the same. It was a time of general shortages, to buy motorcycle when it was only possible on the lists or on the occasion. Then why spend money on upgrading the plant, what to fight for the efficiency of the engine when gasoline costs 20 cents? Motorcycle take care, in any quantity, and even say thank you.
Case in point. In 1970, for the next Congress of the Party leadership of the plant was ordered from Moscow to make a new bike - a gift of the Soviet man. But money to create it gave only 5% of the required. And our factory designers begin to dodge in every way, so that the bike was "like new", and to meet the estimates. Transfer the turn signal on the lamp, bought a new tank and master color bike as much in two colors. It makes a number of minor changes. But basically it's the same bike. As a result, the party carried out the task, and the Soviet person receives a "gift." A factory - "indulgence" to produce the "old-new" bike for another 10 years. It has been 55 years since, in Izhevsk brought German motorcycle, and although, of course, its design made hundreds of changes, but his "ears" sticking out so far. All the basic layout of the car and the ideology remained the same.
And when in the 90s opened the border and people got a chance to compare cars, motorcycles domestic demand fell sharply. At the same time increased prices for materials and energy, rose sharply the cost price. And when these two factors came together over time, the Soviet motoprom actually gone into the past.
And the famous "Planet of IL-sports" could not be the same "straw", for which a drowning man grabs?
Azov: Since it was generally an interesting story. In the early 70-ies in the factory we created an initiative group, which has developed a truly new and promising model with the ability to export. Features were quite at the level of the then "pits" and "Honda". We make one prototype and sent to the Soviet Era. And the "Sports" were not only good performance, but also an impressive appearance. The exhibition saw him foreigners, and began to turn, "take 30 thousand, 40 thousand." Director of the plant was called to the Central Committee and said: if decided without asking to put the bike, if you please throughout the year to organize the production in adequate quantities for export. And the factory is only a prototype.
Two ready-made new housing intended for the production of weapons, immediately converted into a production of motorcycles. Naturally, all done in a hurry. And on fine-tuning the design I had neither the time nor the money. As a result, the series has turned the motorcycle is not the one that thought, and did not go abroad. In the USSR, for him, of course, they chased, but the plan of the plant lowered the total number of issued motorcycles, excluding models. And he has several times higher labor intensity, and "Sport" made only a small fraction of the total.
The upshot was that the ministry told - do-ka you better your "planet." Later they began to tie cooperation with the Japanese trying to produce scooters, but it had already been years of hard times, and everything remains at the level of prototypes ...
EVERYTHING !!!
www.rg.ru/2014/07/24/motocikl.html
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Why Russia is no longer manufactured motorcycles from Udmurtia?
Although motorcycles of various modifications and features created in Soviet times several plants, "IL" certainly was the most common. And in the village at all for a long time it remained almost the only mode of transport. He rolled the girls went on a fishing trip, drove the hay and firewood - once is not used.
Meanwhile, few people know that the beginning of the pedigree "IL" in the beginning of the last century, when the factory "Izhstal" came after studying at the University of Leipzig, a young engineer Peter Mozharov noble roots. On the history of Izhevsk motorcycles says the director of the museum of "Izhmash" Alexey Azov.
Alexei, who was Peter Mozharov and how his fate?
Alexey Azov: Heat by training, he was already passionately interested in motorsport, he had his own import motorcycle on which he "dissected" in Izhevsk.
The city Mozharov upgraded boilers, constructed gliders and even a snowmobile, but this time he did not let the dream of his own, not imported, Soviet motorcycle. And in 1929 together with a group of enthusiasts as it produced the first experimental series motorcycles "IL." The first three "IgE" - first to third modification - were heavy. The fourth and fifth - light. All of this column technology in September 1929 with the participation of several cars went first, created a sensation, the Soviet motocross Izhevsk - Nizhny Novgorod - Moscow - Leningrad - Kharkov.
The main result of motocross - motorcycle design was so successful that all the many thousands of road convoy done with little or no damage. It would seem that the bike can be run in the series, but this was not done. There was a large construction project in the Supreme Economic Council (the Supreme Economic Council) faced different opinions about the priorities and the need for motorcycle factory in Izhevsk failed to prove.
Nevertheless, it later became Izhevsk "capital" of the Soviet motorcycles?
Azov: After one failed attempt Mozharov goes first in Leningrad, where he designs a light bike, and then in Moscow, where he creates heavy. But then again he returned to Izhevsk, where five experienced manufactures of motorcycles and takes them to the show in the capital. At this time, the country's leadership has given "good", and motorcycles are starting to do on standard Podolsk Machine-Building Plant. Just before the war, was made 4, 5 thousand. Pieces. While for a country that is a drop in the sea, they can still be found in museums and private collections.
Still, the city where it is to be organized the mass production of motor vehicles, it is seen Mozharov Izhevsk. Here at the newly established motorcycle factory, and it was arranged production truly massive Soviet motorcycles "IL-6" and "IL-7».
As soon as the first motorcycle went off the assembly line, Mozharov first ever takes a vacation, which became fatal for him. In March 1934, a telegram arrived at the plant, which reported: Mozharov died under mysterious circumstances. Whether committed suicide, or someone "helped" to leave him out of life. In 2012, his grave only by chance found the locals. They are interested in the inscription on the ruins of a tombstone reads that are buried founder of the first Soviet motorcycle.
During the war the plant also produced motorcycles?
Azov: No, with the beginning of the war Motoplant switched to production of machine guns "Maxim", but after the war, the company returned to "IZham." Although not quite to the "IZham." In 1946, out of Dresden was almost entirely exported to Izhevsk small motorcycle factory «DKW», which actually determined the fate of future Izhevsk motorcycles, and indeed the whole of the Soviet motor vehicles, given the scale of production in Izhevsk. Moreover, according to some, not for the better. The fact that the basis was taken German motorcycle with an engine capacity of 350 cubic meters. cm. This parameter after the war almost everywhere, except in a few countries of the socialist camp, has been forgotten. And the world was flooded with 500 cc motorcycles and "multiple" named varieties with engine capacity from 125 to 1000 "cubes". And if it was sent to Izhevsk, for example, the plant «BMW», which already has specialized in the production of 500-cc machines, remains to be seen, as if fate domestic motoproma. But the history of the subjunctive, as we know, does not tolerate, and Izhevsk plant began to produce motorcycles with engine capacity of 350 "cubes».
To start production of motorcycles, the plant brought a group of German engineers. Thus was created the first post-war motorcycle Izhevsk - the famous "IL-49", which was almost a copy of «DKW-350." It changed the front suspension - set telescopic fork, set the second seat, new shock absorbers, made a number of minor changes. Perhaps it is because they do not become severely interfere in the design of the German machine "IL-49" to obtain reliable and in 1956 produced large volumes. Then came "Izh-56 'with flaps instrument box, great speed and engine power.
In the 1970s he and his modifications come to replace the famous family of "Planet" - the most massive Soviet motorcycle. Try to change it later, the two-cylinder "Jupiter" was less robust and this popularity has not received.
Now the plant produces more motorcycles?
Azov: Unfortunately, no. April 1, 2008 issue of "IL" was discontinued. Total assembly line descended 10,770 thousand. Motorbikes. Why is all over, it is difficult to say. This still argue. Personally, I believe that, despite the abundance of external brands, for decades the factory produced essentially the same. It was a time of general shortages, to buy motorcycle when it was only possible on the lists or on the occasion. Then why spend money on upgrading the plant, what to fight for the efficiency of the engine when gasoline costs 20 cents? Motorcycle take care, in any quantity, and even say thank you.
Case in point. In 1970, for the next Congress of the Party leadership of the plant was ordered from Moscow to make a new bike - a gift of the Soviet man. But money to create it gave only 5% of the required. And our factory designers begin to dodge in every way, so that the bike was "like new", and to meet the estimates. Transfer the turn signal on the lamp, bought a new tank and master color bike as much in two colors. It makes a number of minor changes. But basically it's the same bike. As a result, the party carried out the task, and the Soviet person receives a "gift." A factory - "indulgence" to produce the "old-new" bike for another 10 years. It has been 55 years since, in Izhevsk brought German motorcycle, and although, of course, its design made hundreds of changes, but his "ears" sticking out so far. All the basic layout of the car and the ideology remained the same.
And when in the 90s opened the border and people got a chance to compare cars, motorcycles domestic demand fell sharply. At the same time increased prices for materials and energy, rose sharply the cost price. And when these two factors came together over time, the Soviet motoprom actually gone into the past.
And the famous "Planet of IL-sports" could not be the same "straw", for which a drowning man grabs?
Azov: Since it was generally an interesting story. In the early 70-ies in the factory we created an initiative group, which has developed a truly new and promising model with the ability to export. Features were quite at the level of the then "pits" and "Honda". We make one prototype and sent to the Soviet Era. And the "Sports" were not only good performance, but also an impressive appearance. The exhibition saw him foreigners, and began to turn, "take 30 thousand, 40 thousand." Director of the plant was called to the Central Committee and said: if decided without asking to put the bike, if you please throughout the year to organize the production in adequate quantities for export. And the factory is only a prototype.
Two ready-made new housing intended for the production of weapons, immediately converted into a production of motorcycles. Naturally, all done in a hurry. And on fine-tuning the design I had neither the time nor the money. As a result, the series has turned the motorcycle is not the one that thought, and did not go abroad. In the USSR, for him, of course, they chased, but the plan of the plant lowered the total number of issued motorcycles, excluding models. And he has several times higher labor intensity, and "Sport" made only a small fraction of the total.
The upshot was that the ministry told - do-ka you better your "planet." Later they began to tie cooperation with the Japanese trying to produce scooters, but it had already been years of hard times, and everything remains at the level of prototypes ...
EVERYTHING !!!
www.rg.ru/2014/07/24/motocikl.html
...
...
...
...
...
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