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Soviet car industry of Cheburashka to Porsche
In Russia, began the production of Lada Granta in the back of a hatchback - in our time developing domestic automobile designers have a good chance of production. However, it was not always. In the history of the Soviet automobile industry was a lot of cars that could be a cause for pride, but the conveyor has not reached - the authorities did not approve of, or simply not enough resources for their production - "Times" tells the story of the most famous Soviet prototypes that undeservedly sunk into oblivion.
ZIL-4102
The last Soviet limo to the leaders of the country became a ZIL-4102. Information about the car remained a bit. According to some reports, the car was developed by order of Mikhail Gorbachev, but the final car he did not like, and the project was abandoned. Was produced only two copies of the car, one of which is lost. It is known that as a model for the new development was bought by a new Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit 1985, but the car turned a kind.
This limousine was the first car for the first persons of the country, do not use a frame layout. To develop the car with monocoque ZIL engineers had to exert a lot of effort to eliminate the vibration of the body. The resulting machine was about 50 cm longer than their then "Volga" and 500 kg heavier than the more usual limousine ZIL-41041.
The machine was an old V8 engine capacity of 7, 6 liters. With this unit the car could accelerate to "hundreds" of 10, 5 seconds - a good figure, largely due to the abandonment of the frame layout. Interior fittings car has a mass of electronics such as a CD player, as well as power seats and windows. Such equipment would surprise Soviet man, but for Western car companies, it has been the norm. Saloon car was made of white suede and leather.
AZLK-2150
Massive Soviet SUV could not be "Niva", and the project AZLK-2150. Compact terrain vehicle was first designed back in the 1960s, but due to lack of interest of the authorities the project was mothballed. The new version of the machine was constructed in 1973 for public procurement, which later got "vazovskoy" SUV.
Stylistically, the car looked like a Jeep Willys and Toyota Land Cruiser of the first generation. Soviet SUV in fact was built using components and assemblies sedan "Moskvich" in 2140, who was preparing to leave. By car, the engine was on "Moskvich-412" 75 hp, which SUV accelerated to 105 km / h. 2150 was made only in two copies.
In contrast to the "Niva" car was built on a frame with the use of typical solutions for the serious off-roader - beam axle and leaf springs in the suspension. Nevertheless, the victory went to the state order "Niva" - the car has received a compromise in terms of terrain, but the most comfortable and competitive structure. The military are interested in AZLK-2150, but announced an order for 60 thousand cars have not received the "green light».
IL-14
Another contender "Niva" became IL-14. As with "VAZ" SUV, the car had a monocoque body. The machine also has a similar exterior no longer resemble military SUVs mid-20th century. IL-14 was technically unified with "Moskvich-412", but the car developed a special suspension - torsion bar rear and "McPherson" front.
The machine used by the engine "Moskvich-412", as already mentioned AZLK-2150. However, Izhevsk SUV could go a little faster - a maximum speed of 120 km / h.
The car did not have time to bring to mind the end of the competition, so to compete with AZLK-2150 and "Niva" she could not. Development of IL-14 did not find any application and project gone forever.
"VAZ X»
Last year, "AvtoVAZ" showed a concept car Lada X-Ray, which gives an idea of how the future will look brand cars. The letter X, and was previously used to refer to models of the company.
In 1990, in the press, "lit up" prototype "VAZ X» - the seven-seat minivan with a very bold futuristic design. Unfortunately, the technical part of the machine does not know anything.
Stylistically, the car resembles a concept minivan Pontiac Trans-Sport, demonstrated in 1986. We are talking about a prototype - the production version of this car has received some other form, but rapid silhouette with a pointed front end of the car was.
ZIS 101A Sport
One of the few sports cars in the Soviet Union was "ZIS-Sport". Double roadster was established on the basis of ZIS-101 limousine in 1939 godu.Avtorami project were several young designers, who developed the car on his own initiative.
The car had a V8 engine of 6 liters which has an output of 141 liters. from. The car had to accelerate to 180 km / h, but was able to test the car up to speed a little more than 160 km / h. However, the car had several strong technical solutions for the country at the time - anti-roll bar and the design of innovative automotive USSR gearbox.
The car was presented to the court of Stalin and Kaganovich, they praised the sports car, but in terms of the end of 1930 the project could not get further course. During the war, the only instance of "ZIS-Sport" has been lost.
LuAZ 1301
Another easy Soviet SUV had become "LuAZ 1301" Lutsk automobile plant, by then long effecting tiny utility terrain vehicle - Model 969M.
The first version of the car was shown in 1984 was a chassis has proven 969M with a new, modern body of plastic, which is placed on a steel frame. In 1990 he was shown a modified version - the car had independent suspension with pneumatic elements, which allows you to change the ride height. The motor used motor from ZAZ "Tavria».
Get the car remotely resembled a miniature Japanese SUVs of the time, like the Suzuki Samurai. The car can be at any time converted into a pickup truck - the rear panel can be removed. For unknown reasons, the project was never realized.
In 2002, "LuAZ 1301" once again reminded about themselves - machine was slightly revised exterior and a new engine. Nevertheless, the new version of the machine and the conveyor is not reached - the plant's management has not been able to find the resources for the production of very advanced for its time vehicles.
US-013
Avant-garde "trailer" US-013 was created in the late 1940s. The car has a truly revolutionary design for the Soviet automobile industry and a number of technical solutions. At the time of the appearance of the machine in fact had no analogues in the world.
The motor car was located at the back, he worked in a couple of us in the developed automatic transmission. It was originally planned to use a car specially designed boxer engine, but later had to use the engine from "Victory". Weighing in at nearly two tons of car had just a 63-horsepower engine, which affects the dynamics. The car had independent suspension on all four wheels, which by the way did not have the drive - it was a monolith associated with the brake drums.
During the development of the car several times seriously processed, both internally and externally. Nevertheless, the head of us personally banned develop the project, which led to its closure
VAZ-2103 Porsche
Company Porsche in the 1970s and 1980s, has repeatedly collaborated with the Soviet car industry - the role of the Germans in the development of "VAZ-2108" in recent years, often mentioned in the media.
Another collaboration Porsche and "Vase" was commissioned by the Soviet side the modernization of the model 2103. At that time, the company had its own version of the updated model, which received index in 2106 and has become even more famous the original model, but the decision is in his favor had not yet been adopted.
In 1976, Porsche introduced its vision of "VAZ-2103" - the car has lost most of the chrome exterior and received a new front design with a plastic grid. From this material it was made bumpers machine that received color body color. However, in the "VAZ", this option did not meet the approval and due to the cheapness of the existing development project in 2106 the Germans did not go in a series.
Moskvich 408 Tourist
If the fate of history developed differently - at Soviet citizens would have their Class Coupe GT - corresponding development was created on the basis of "Moskvich". The car was set up under the trend of affordable European sports cars of the 1960s, like British cars Triumph.
Cabriolets "Moskvich-408 Tourist" was created in 1964. The car was created on the basis of serial 408th, but the engine was equipped with a pilot fuel injection system electronically controlled. The machine design basically had "hardtop" - a rigid removable roof, the lack of B-pillars. "Tourist" was equipped with an additional X-shaped cross member at the bottom, which ensures the desired level of rigidity without a roof.
The plant did not have enough resources, most of which went to produce the usual "Moskvich-408" and the project was abandoned.
Even a few years after the start of production, "penny", VAZ has seriously considered the possibility of issuing an innovative front-drive compact car, but the plan went awry, only ten years later.
Project VAZ-E1101 was a prototype of a compact car with front-wheel drive, transverse engine and the first in the Soviet Union the suspension of the "McPherson". In earlier versions of the pre-machine resembled the British Mini Cooper. Sami employees of the company project called "Cheburashka».
Motor vehicles was developed by Soviet specialists and had a volume of 0, 9 l. - Output reached 50 hp For the E1101 also has created a new four-speed transmission.
As the project has repeatedly been modified and refined - the third version of the E1101 was aimed at Ukrainian ZAZ and became the prototype of "Tavria", but in the original performance to the car assembly line is not reached.
all end!
styrennye here referring
VAZ-E1101
Source:
ZIL-4102
The last Soviet limo to the leaders of the country became a ZIL-4102. Information about the car remained a bit. According to some reports, the car was developed by order of Mikhail Gorbachev, but the final car he did not like, and the project was abandoned. Was produced only two copies of the car, one of which is lost. It is known that as a model for the new development was bought by a new Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit 1985, but the car turned a kind.
This limousine was the first car for the first persons of the country, do not use a frame layout. To develop the car with monocoque ZIL engineers had to exert a lot of effort to eliminate the vibration of the body. The resulting machine was about 50 cm longer than their then "Volga" and 500 kg heavier than the more usual limousine ZIL-41041.
The machine was an old V8 engine capacity of 7, 6 liters. With this unit the car could accelerate to "hundreds" of 10, 5 seconds - a good figure, largely due to the abandonment of the frame layout. Interior fittings car has a mass of electronics such as a CD player, as well as power seats and windows. Such equipment would surprise Soviet man, but for Western car companies, it has been the norm. Saloon car was made of white suede and leather.
AZLK-2150
Massive Soviet SUV could not be "Niva", and the project AZLK-2150. Compact terrain vehicle was first designed back in the 1960s, but due to lack of interest of the authorities the project was mothballed. The new version of the machine was constructed in 1973 for public procurement, which later got "vazovskoy" SUV.
Stylistically, the car looked like a Jeep Willys and Toyota Land Cruiser of the first generation. Soviet SUV in fact was built using components and assemblies sedan "Moskvich" in 2140, who was preparing to leave. By car, the engine was on "Moskvich-412" 75 hp, which SUV accelerated to 105 km / h. 2150 was made only in two copies.
In contrast to the "Niva" car was built on a frame with the use of typical solutions for the serious off-roader - beam axle and leaf springs in the suspension. Nevertheless, the victory went to the state order "Niva" - the car has received a compromise in terms of terrain, but the most comfortable and competitive structure. The military are interested in AZLK-2150, but announced an order for 60 thousand cars have not received the "green light».
IL-14
Another contender "Niva" became IL-14. As with "VAZ" SUV, the car had a monocoque body. The machine also has a similar exterior no longer resemble military SUVs mid-20th century. IL-14 was technically unified with "Moskvich-412", but the car developed a special suspension - torsion bar rear and "McPherson" front.
The machine used by the engine "Moskvich-412", as already mentioned AZLK-2150. However, Izhevsk SUV could go a little faster - a maximum speed of 120 km / h.
The car did not have time to bring to mind the end of the competition, so to compete with AZLK-2150 and "Niva" she could not. Development of IL-14 did not find any application and project gone forever.
"VAZ X»
Last year, "AvtoVAZ" showed a concept car Lada X-Ray, which gives an idea of how the future will look brand cars. The letter X, and was previously used to refer to models of the company.
In 1990, in the press, "lit up" prototype "VAZ X» - the seven-seat minivan with a very bold futuristic design. Unfortunately, the technical part of the machine does not know anything.
Stylistically, the car resembles a concept minivan Pontiac Trans-Sport, demonstrated in 1986. We are talking about a prototype - the production version of this car has received some other form, but rapid silhouette with a pointed front end of the car was.
ZIS 101A Sport
One of the few sports cars in the Soviet Union was "ZIS-Sport". Double roadster was established on the basis of ZIS-101 limousine in 1939 godu.Avtorami project were several young designers, who developed the car on his own initiative.
The car had a V8 engine of 6 liters which has an output of 141 liters. from. The car had to accelerate to 180 km / h, but was able to test the car up to speed a little more than 160 km / h. However, the car had several strong technical solutions for the country at the time - anti-roll bar and the design of innovative automotive USSR gearbox.
The car was presented to the court of Stalin and Kaganovich, they praised the sports car, but in terms of the end of 1930 the project could not get further course. During the war, the only instance of "ZIS-Sport" has been lost.
LuAZ 1301
Another easy Soviet SUV had become "LuAZ 1301" Lutsk automobile plant, by then long effecting tiny utility terrain vehicle - Model 969M.
The first version of the car was shown in 1984 was a chassis has proven 969M with a new, modern body of plastic, which is placed on a steel frame. In 1990 he was shown a modified version - the car had independent suspension with pneumatic elements, which allows you to change the ride height. The motor used motor from ZAZ "Tavria».
Get the car remotely resembled a miniature Japanese SUVs of the time, like the Suzuki Samurai. The car can be at any time converted into a pickup truck - the rear panel can be removed. For unknown reasons, the project was never realized.
In 2002, "LuAZ 1301" once again reminded about themselves - machine was slightly revised exterior and a new engine. Nevertheless, the new version of the machine and the conveyor is not reached - the plant's management has not been able to find the resources for the production of very advanced for its time vehicles.
US-013
Avant-garde "trailer" US-013 was created in the late 1940s. The car has a truly revolutionary design for the Soviet automobile industry and a number of technical solutions. At the time of the appearance of the machine in fact had no analogues in the world.
The motor car was located at the back, he worked in a couple of us in the developed automatic transmission. It was originally planned to use a car specially designed boxer engine, but later had to use the engine from "Victory". Weighing in at nearly two tons of car had just a 63-horsepower engine, which affects the dynamics. The car had independent suspension on all four wheels, which by the way did not have the drive - it was a monolith associated with the brake drums.
During the development of the car several times seriously processed, both internally and externally. Nevertheless, the head of us personally banned develop the project, which led to its closure
VAZ-2103 Porsche
Company Porsche in the 1970s and 1980s, has repeatedly collaborated with the Soviet car industry - the role of the Germans in the development of "VAZ-2108" in recent years, often mentioned in the media.
Another collaboration Porsche and "Vase" was commissioned by the Soviet side the modernization of the model 2103. At that time, the company had its own version of the updated model, which received index in 2106 and has become even more famous the original model, but the decision is in his favor had not yet been adopted.
In 1976, Porsche introduced its vision of "VAZ-2103" - the car has lost most of the chrome exterior and received a new front design with a plastic grid. From this material it was made bumpers machine that received color body color. However, in the "VAZ", this option did not meet the approval and due to the cheapness of the existing development project in 2106 the Germans did not go in a series.
Moskvich 408 Tourist
If the fate of history developed differently - at Soviet citizens would have their Class Coupe GT - corresponding development was created on the basis of "Moskvich". The car was set up under the trend of affordable European sports cars of the 1960s, like British cars Triumph.
Cabriolets "Moskvich-408 Tourist" was created in 1964. The car was created on the basis of serial 408th, but the engine was equipped with a pilot fuel injection system electronically controlled. The machine design basically had "hardtop" - a rigid removable roof, the lack of B-pillars. "Tourist" was equipped with an additional X-shaped cross member at the bottom, which ensures the desired level of rigidity without a roof.
The plant did not have enough resources, most of which went to produce the usual "Moskvich-408" and the project was abandoned.
Even a few years after the start of production, "penny", VAZ has seriously considered the possibility of issuing an innovative front-drive compact car, but the plan went awry, only ten years later.
Project VAZ-E1101 was a prototype of a compact car with front-wheel drive, transverse engine and the first in the Soviet Union the suspension of the "McPherson". In earlier versions of the pre-machine resembled the British Mini Cooper. Sami employees of the company project called "Cheburashka».
Motor vehicles was developed by Soviet specialists and had a volume of 0, 9 l. - Output reached 50 hp For the E1101 also has created a new four-speed transmission.
As the project has repeatedly been modified and refined - the third version of the E1101 was aimed at Ukrainian ZAZ and became the prototype of "Tavria", but in the original performance to the car assembly line is not reached.
all end!
styrennye here referring
VAZ-E1101
Source:
