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20 fascinating facts about the incredibly small objects
Bashny.Net
Site offers you to make a journey into the microcosm - the world of small objects. So small that, among all those that we consider to be the largest grain. < 1. However, we will start from a very different side. Before you go on a journey to the depths of matter, let us turn our gaze upwards.
For example, it is known that the moon an average of almost 400 thousand kilometers from the Sun - 150 million, to Pluto (which is not visible without a telescope) - 6 billion, to the nearest star, Proxima Centauri - 40 trillion, to the nearest large galaxy Andromeda nebula - 25 quintillion, and finally to the outskirts of the observable universe - 130 sextillion
. Impressive, sure, but the difference between all these "quadric", "kvinti-" and "seksti-" does not seem so huge, although they differ in a thousand times. It is quite another microcosm. Unless it can be hidden so many interesting, because it is simply nowhere to fit there. It tells us the common sense and wrong
2 If one end of the logarithmic scale to postpone the smallest known distance in the universe, and on the other -. The largest, the middle will be a grain of sand .... Its diameter - 0.1 mm
.
3. If you put in the number of 400 billion grains of sand, their number obognёt the globe at the equator. And if you collect the same 400 billion in the bag, it will weigh about a ton.
4 The thickness of a human hair -. 50-70 microns, that is, their 15-20 units per millimeter. In order to put them away to the Moon, will need 8 trillion hair (if you do not put them in length and width, of course). As the head of one person are about 100 thousand, if collect hair from the entire population of Russia, to the moon is more than enough and even left.
5 The size of bacteria -. 0.5 to 5 microns. If you increase the average bacterium to such a size that it is convenient to lie us into the palm (100 thousand), the thickness of the hair will be 5 meters.
6. By the way, inside the human body resides a quadrillion bacteria, and their total weight is 2 kg. They are, in fact, even more than the very cells of the body. So it is quite possible to say that a man - it's just such a body consisting of bacteria and viruses with small patches of something else
. .
7 viruses sizes vary even more than bacteria - almost 100 thousand times. If that were the case with the people, they would have been an increase of 1 cm to 1 km, and social interaction would be a curious spectacle.
8 The average length of the most common types of viruses -. 100 nanometers, or 10 ^ (- 7) degree meter. If we perform the operation again approached so that the virus has become the size of a hand, the length of the bacteria will be 1 meter, and the thickness of the hair -. 50 meters
9 wavelength of visible light -. 400-750 nanometers, and see objects smaller than this value is simply impossible. Trying to lighten tacos object wave simply will round it and not be affected.
10. Sometimes asking the question, looks like an atom or what color it. In fact, it did not seem atom. Just not at all. And not because we are good enough microscopes, but because the size of an atom is less than the distance for which there is the concept of "visibility» ...
11. along the circumference of the globe can be tightly accommodate 400 trillion viruses. A lot of. Such a distance with light travels in 40 years. But if you put them all together, they easily fit on a finger tip.
.
12 The approximate size of a water molecule - 3 10 ^ (- 10) meters. In a glass of water molecules of 10 septillionov - roughly millimeters away from us to the Andromeda Galaxy. A cubic centimeter of air molecules 30 quintillion (mostly nitrogen and oxygen).
.
13 The diameter of the carbon atom (the basis of all life on Earth) - 3.5 10 ^ (- 10) meters, that is even a little more than water molecules. The hydrogen atom is less than 10 times - 3 10 ^ (- 11) m. This, of course, is not enough. But how much is not enough? Striking the imagination of all the fact is that the smallest, barely visible grain of salt is from 1 quintillion atoms.
Let's turn to our standard size and approximate the hydrogen atom so that it is convenient to lay in his hand. Viruses will then be 300-meter size, bacteria 3-kilometer-long and thick hair will be equal to 150 kilometers, and even lying in state, it goes beyond the boundaries of the atmosphere (as in length and can reach to the moon).
14 The so-called "classical" electron diameter -. 5.5 or 5.5 femtometrov 10 ^ (- 15) meters. The dimensions of the proton and the neutron, and even fewer are around 1.5 femtometrov. Proton about a meter away as much as the ants on the planet Earth. We use the already familiar to us the increase. Proton fits comfortably in the palm of us - and then the average size of the virus will be equal to 7000 kilometers (almost the whole Russia from west to east, by the way), and the thickness of the hair in 2 times exceed the size of the Sun
.
15. About the size is difficult to say anything definite. It is assumed that they are somewhere in the range of 10 ^ (- 19) - 10 ^ (- 18) m. Smallest - top quark - "diameter" (let's remind you of the foregoing, we write the word in quotation marks), 10 ^ (- 22) meters
.
16. There is such a thing as neutrinos. Look at your hand. Through it flies every second trillion neutrinos emitted by the sun. And you can not hide the hand behind his back. Neutrinos can easily pass through and your body, and through the wall, and through the entire planet, and even through the layer of lead in 1 light-year thick. "Diameter" neutrinos is 10 ^ (- 24) meters - this particle is 100 times less than the top quark, or a billion times smaller than a proton, or 10 times smaller than Tyrannosaurus rex septillionov. Almost as many times myself Tyrannosaurus less than the entire observable universe. If you increase the neutrino, so that it was the size of an orange, then even the proton will be 10 times larger than Earth.
17. Now, I sincerely hope that you must hit one of the two following things. First - we can go further (and even do some meaningful assumption that there will be). The second - but go deep into the matter infinitely still can not, and soon we utknemsya to a standstill. This is only to achieve these "dead-end" sizes we have to fall another 11 order, counting from the neutrino. That is, the smaller the size of neutrinos 100 billion times. In the same number of times smaller than a grain of sand across the planet, by the way.
18 So, the size of 10 ^. (- 35) meters we are waiting for such a wonderful thing as the Planck length, - minimum distance of the possible real world (as assumed in modern science).
.
19 Even here inhabit the quantum strings - quite remarkable objects from any perspective (for example, they are one-dimensional - they have no thickness), but for our subject matter that is also their length in the range of 10 ^ (- 35) m. Let's do our standard "magnifying" the experiment for the last time. Quantum string becomes a convenient size, and we hold it in his hand like a pencil. This neutrino is 7 times larger than the Sun, and the hydrogen atom in 300 times exceed the size of the Milky Way.
.
20 Finally we come to the very structure of the universe - the scale on which space is like time, time for space, and place various other fancy stuff . Next is nothing (probably) ...
via geektimes.ru/post/258970/
For example, it is known that the moon an average of almost 400 thousand kilometers from the Sun - 150 million, to Pluto (which is not visible without a telescope) - 6 billion, to the nearest star, Proxima Centauri - 40 trillion, to the nearest large galaxy Andromeda nebula - 25 quintillion, and finally to the outskirts of the observable universe - 130 sextillion
. Impressive, sure, but the difference between all these "quadric", "kvinti-" and "seksti-" does not seem so huge, although they differ in a thousand times. It is quite another microcosm. Unless it can be hidden so many interesting, because it is simply nowhere to fit there. It tells us the common sense and wrong
2 If one end of the logarithmic scale to postpone the smallest known distance in the universe, and on the other -. The largest, the middle will be a grain of sand .... Its diameter - 0.1 mm
.
3. If you put in the number of 400 billion grains of sand, their number obognёt the globe at the equator. And if you collect the same 400 billion in the bag, it will weigh about a ton.
4 The thickness of a human hair -. 50-70 microns, that is, their 15-20 units per millimeter. In order to put them away to the Moon, will need 8 trillion hair (if you do not put them in length and width, of course). As the head of one person are about 100 thousand, if collect hair from the entire population of Russia, to the moon is more than enough and even left.
5 The size of bacteria -. 0.5 to 5 microns. If you increase the average bacterium to such a size that it is convenient to lie us into the palm (100 thousand), the thickness of the hair will be 5 meters.
6. By the way, inside the human body resides a quadrillion bacteria, and their total weight is 2 kg. They are, in fact, even more than the very cells of the body. So it is quite possible to say that a man - it's just such a body consisting of bacteria and viruses with small patches of something else
. .
7 viruses sizes vary even more than bacteria - almost 100 thousand times. If that were the case with the people, they would have been an increase of 1 cm to 1 km, and social interaction would be a curious spectacle.
8 The average length of the most common types of viruses -. 100 nanometers, or 10 ^ (- 7) degree meter. If we perform the operation again approached so that the virus has become the size of a hand, the length of the bacteria will be 1 meter, and the thickness of the hair -. 50 meters
9 wavelength of visible light -. 400-750 nanometers, and see objects smaller than this value is simply impossible. Trying to lighten tacos object wave simply will round it and not be affected.
10. Sometimes asking the question, looks like an atom or what color it. In fact, it did not seem atom. Just not at all. And not because we are good enough microscopes, but because the size of an atom is less than the distance for which there is the concept of "visibility» ...
11. along the circumference of the globe can be tightly accommodate 400 trillion viruses. A lot of. Such a distance with light travels in 40 years. But if you put them all together, they easily fit on a finger tip.
.
12 The approximate size of a water molecule - 3 10 ^ (- 10) meters. In a glass of water molecules of 10 septillionov - roughly millimeters away from us to the Andromeda Galaxy. A cubic centimeter of air molecules 30 quintillion (mostly nitrogen and oxygen).
.
13 The diameter of the carbon atom (the basis of all life on Earth) - 3.5 10 ^ (- 10) meters, that is even a little more than water molecules. The hydrogen atom is less than 10 times - 3 10 ^ (- 11) m. This, of course, is not enough. But how much is not enough? Striking the imagination of all the fact is that the smallest, barely visible grain of salt is from 1 quintillion atoms.
Let's turn to our standard size and approximate the hydrogen atom so that it is convenient to lay in his hand. Viruses will then be 300-meter size, bacteria 3-kilometer-long and thick hair will be equal to 150 kilometers, and even lying in state, it goes beyond the boundaries of the atmosphere (as in length and can reach to the moon).
14 The so-called "classical" electron diameter -. 5.5 or 5.5 femtometrov 10 ^ (- 15) meters. The dimensions of the proton and the neutron, and even fewer are around 1.5 femtometrov. Proton about a meter away as much as the ants on the planet Earth. We use the already familiar to us the increase. Proton fits comfortably in the palm of us - and then the average size of the virus will be equal to 7000 kilometers (almost the whole Russia from west to east, by the way), and the thickness of the hair in 2 times exceed the size of the Sun
.
15. About the size is difficult to say anything definite. It is assumed that they are somewhere in the range of 10 ^ (- 19) - 10 ^ (- 18) m. Smallest - top quark - "diameter" (let's remind you of the foregoing, we write the word in quotation marks), 10 ^ (- 22) meters
.
16. There is such a thing as neutrinos. Look at your hand. Through it flies every second trillion neutrinos emitted by the sun. And you can not hide the hand behind his back. Neutrinos can easily pass through and your body, and through the wall, and through the entire planet, and even through the layer of lead in 1 light-year thick. "Diameter" neutrinos is 10 ^ (- 24) meters - this particle is 100 times less than the top quark, or a billion times smaller than a proton, or 10 times smaller than Tyrannosaurus rex septillionov. Almost as many times myself Tyrannosaurus less than the entire observable universe. If you increase the neutrino, so that it was the size of an orange, then even the proton will be 10 times larger than Earth.
17. Now, I sincerely hope that you must hit one of the two following things. First - we can go further (and even do some meaningful assumption that there will be). The second - but go deep into the matter infinitely still can not, and soon we utknemsya to a standstill. This is only to achieve these "dead-end" sizes we have to fall another 11 order, counting from the neutrino. That is, the smaller the size of neutrinos 100 billion times. In the same number of times smaller than a grain of sand across the planet, by the way.
18 So, the size of 10 ^. (- 35) meters we are waiting for such a wonderful thing as the Planck length, - minimum distance of the possible real world (as assumed in modern science).
.
19 Even here inhabit the quantum strings - quite remarkable objects from any perspective (for example, they are one-dimensional - they have no thickness), but for our subject matter that is also their length in the range of 10 ^ (- 35) m. Let's do our standard "magnifying" the experiment for the last time. Quantum string becomes a convenient size, and we hold it in his hand like a pencil. This neutrino is 7 times larger than the Sun, and the hydrogen atom in 300 times exceed the size of the Milky Way.
.
20 Finally we come to the very structure of the universe - the scale on which space is like time, time for space, and place various other fancy stuff . Next is nothing (probably) ...
via geektimes.ru/post/258970/
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