On an unknown bomber Il-52 Bashny.Net

Despite the fact that the history of the Ilyushin Design Bureau published thousands of articles, books, works out monumental ND Talikov's books and YA Egorov, none of them is not even mention of the IL-52 - strategic bomber of the "flying wing ". I wonder why? The author suggests that the job to such an aircraft SV Ilyushin had not received, and the project was worked out in the rough, "on reserve", so to speak. However, a little bit of prehistory.





History of the creation of high-speed long-range bomber (SDB) began in the late 40s. World War II was marked by the advent of nuclear weapons, which for the first time in the history of the US Air Force was used in the war with Japan.



There is a theory that at one time a conversation between Stalin and the Minister of Aviation Industry Hrunichevym.Stalin raised the question whether it is possible to create on the basis of Tu-16 strategic aircraft adding to it two more of the engine and increase its size and ves.Otvet Khrunichev was told otritsatelnym.Stalin Tupolev personally and got the same otvet.Togda he said that for such a car will undertake another constructor, while keeping in mind Myasischeva.Tak OKB Myasishcheva was revived and appeared as a result of the legendary M-4, according to NATO klassifikatsii- «Bison ».

Ilyushin knew about this conversation and instructed the department to work out common species first outline shape strategic bombardirovschika.Ne having any job and government postanovleniy.Absolyutno on its own initiative. The result is a unique project of the IL-52 bomber of the "flying wing".



New weapon demanded the establishment of a reliable means of delivery. Therefore, immediately after the war in the US and the UK were deployed large-scale research and development work on the creation of medium and heavy strategic bombers.
In the US, firms "Convair" and "Boeing" was designed and built aircraft YB-60 and B-52, which had an intercontinental range. Preference was given to the B-52 aircraft and in August 1954 he began to come into service SAH air wings.

Earlier, on a competitive basis were built medium bombers Convair XB-46, Boeing XB-47 and Martin XB-48. It was the best B-47 and in March 1950 started its mass production.

In the UK, have been tested and launched a series of medium strategic bombers Avro "Volcano," Vickers "Velient" and Handley Page 'Victor ».
This could not but worry the Soviet military leadership, therefore, such work began in the Soviet Union.

First, as a carrier to be used Tu-4, which is the "analogue" American "sverhkreposti" B-29. But it was only a temporary measure.



In spite of the lightning speed with which it has been put into production, the Tu-4 is only a transitional type of bomber, as its performance, such as speed and range, as well as the mass of the payload is not satisfied the Soviet military leadership. < br />
With the rapid development and improvement of jet fighter aircraft, bombers piston connection could not successfully overcome the powerful potential enemy air defenses, which, incidentally, was confirmed during the Korean War in 1950-53. When the aircraft B-29 and B-50 in aerial combat with the MiG-15 suffered heavy losses and were forced to go to the fighting at night.

Creating a heavy bomber represented at the time a very difficult technical problem.



The transition from piston aircraft with a takeoff weight of 40-50 tons and speed of 500-600 km / h jet technology to the masses of 150-200 m and transonic velocities demanded a large amount of aerodynamic research, scientific elaborations on the strength and aeroelasticity, creating a completely new designs, materials and equipment.

A challenge was to create a powerful turbojet engine (TRD) - the first turbojet just appeared, had little traction and resources, more specific fuel consumption, low reliability.

In addition, among the domestic aviation experts at the time there was no consensus on the possibility of creating self summer turbojet having intercontinental range.

Some of them believed that to create such a plane in a short time is impossible.



Once, during a conversation with the Minister of Aviation Industry Khrunichev, Stalin asked whether it is possible to create on the basis of an intercontinental bomber TU-16, adding two more engine and increasing its size and weight? What has been answered in the negative. Then he decided to speak personally with the AN Tupolev.

On a similar question Tupolev leader said that under the existing engines to get a longer range will fail. Stalin then said that another constructor is taken to create such a machine. To do this, it will create all conditions. This designer was Myasischev.

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The history of the legendary "Buffalo" is described in detail in "The Illustrated Encyclopedia Aircraft EMZ them. VM Myasishcheva "is 5.

Sergey knew about this conversation with Stalin from the Khrunichev, the benefit was with him on good terms. Definitely, like Tupolev, SV Ilyushin and would not undertake such work, and if approached by Stalin with the same issue.

However, being a man with a long-term view, it instructs the department Ilyushin common species to make the first estimations shape strategic bomber. TK No, no Government regulations with tight deadlines are not hanging over the heads of designers - the absolute creativity.

The result was a unique machine - bomber of the "flying wing". Of course, before that we had LC - for example, the project IV Chetverikov of 1946, but IL-52, even now, 60 years later looks amazingly elegant and modern. Even IL-54, created and tested later, was a typical example of structure of the jet bomber mid to late 50s, whereas IL-52 was carrying all the features of modern machines 80-90s.

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