Nuclear Power Plant (23 photos + description) Bashny.Net

Today we have to VebParke excursion to a nuclear power plant!

Any nuclear power plant - Modal, well protected object. In the Russian NPP guarded internal troops, in other countries - ChOPy entitled, in which case, "shoot to kill". Unauthorized get to the NPP is practically impossible.


Before you get to the NPP, you pass control, similar to airport: carry with them can not be anything, including any appliances (though we are special guests, so for us it requirement does not apply)). But unlike Aeroportovskaya test for admission to the nuclear power plant will make you pass an alcohol test (this is done by the police, "pipes", and if you're just a little drunk - you will not be allowed) and radiation control (you go through a special frame that "cry" if it turns out that you have been subjected to radioactive contamination). And although we are guests of honor, at our heels on NPP constantly walking two armed men. We were a little confused by this, of course.

First. The principle of operation of NPP fairly simple. In the reactor, controlled by means of a chemical reaction, heat is generated. It heats the water to a vapor state. Thus, the heat from the reactor - it is such a "daddy" kilowatt. Steam makes the working steam, which generates electricity. Steam generator or turbine, is thus - "Mama" kilowatt! In the photo from above clearly shows that the nuclear power plant consists of a reactor hall (round "turret") and the Turbine Hall (an extension to the "pinnacle").

Therefore, without losing time, hurry to the "holy of holies" - in the reactor hall. To do this, clothe yourself in special, like a tourist tarpaulin overalls, put on a helmet and a mask - that's how these lovely people:


Second. The reactor itself - it is such a "barrel" the size of a nine-house. Part of it is underground.


The reactor does not take up all the space of the room. Around it - a huge amount of support services. The reactor operates at a nuclear fuel, so-called fuel assemblies (FA), which consist of a plurality of tubes packed with the uranium pellets. It is these things generate heat. TVS itself looks like:


Up to the time of loading in the reactor fuel assemblies is quite a harmless thing for a man, it can be touched by hands, and admire its metal greatness.


At the top, on the so-called "Head" assembly clearly visible rods that control the nuclear reaction inside the fuel assembly


FAs are loaded into the reactor special crane and the top reactor looks like:


Being on top of the reactor feel unusual: he subtly vibrates and makes a noise, you feel small and defenseless, and the natural first thought you have - this is where to go if now it's very ... no matter how it ?! At the same time, you feel like a winner of some monstrous beast, which you get here, and locked in this piece of iron.

Every few years, every change to a new FA. Change them not at the same time that the reactor did not stop, and one or two.


When taken out of the reactor fuel assemblies it is already very dangerous to humans. It is not discarded and placed a few months into the water to cool it. Pool, which holds the FA light gentle blue-green color, and this kind of charms:


After TVS stops to "shine" and would get it in a special container, train or plane, sent for processing. There will disassemble it into parts, would get out of it uranium pellets. All the metal (this special steel and zirconium alloys), which make the assembly, then went on decontamination and further processing. Just go and uranium tablets: one part will make new tablets, and the other, a large part - be sent to storage. Since the radioactive waste tablets to store them on their ground and diluted with concrete and glass. The resulting cereal in the form of briquettes and then stored in a special storage. The next generation of nuclear reactors, so-called "Breeders", will be able to work on this now, "spent" fuel. But it will be "later".

And we, in the meantime, let's go to the turbine hall. To do this, we change clothes, taking off his overalls and boots, a trained uncle give us examine a Geiger counter to ourselves calmed down, first of all, that during our walk through the reactor have not grown a third eye, for example.

Third. Down turbogenerator resembles a giant insect, or some "hellish" captive alien from the movie about the fight with the aliens earthlings.


Any work on the turbine looks like a huge monster trepanation




Again, we note that the turbine itself is incredibly large, and hence we only see one part of it, the rest is hidden between technological floors, the form of which also fascinates anyone indifferent to human engineering.


Actually, here comes kilowatts! Who then lived in the wires, or even in your electric kettle.


Fourth. The most interesting thing now - to understand how this whole thing is controlled. And so we'll go to the "control room", the room automatic control system (ACS) plant. Control system - multi-stage. One the one hand, allows you to manage these farms SCM in one place. On the other hand, it provides a "foolproof" to, say, a terrorist any, entering the control room still was not able to do anything there irreparable. Or to itself if this ASU will be destroyed, still nothing would have happened. From the first look at this edifice is breathtaking. Involuntarily want poklatsat all these buttons and light bulbs. But we Aware of the fact that we look in the back of two armed men who do not share our enthusiasm


It is clear that the ACS is in a great big room, and takes almost all of its space.


For these hotels here lights and sensors hidden a lot of computers, which are responsible for "their" part of the work and thus connected in a network. The very layout of the controls intuitive: the entire process is painted on the left to the right of the observer.

At the same time, facing the ACS is made of just such plitochek, so if necessary you can insert an additional element (and this happens because the ACS constantly improving)


The most interesting thing in the ACS - this range of instruments used: everything from recorders to monitor, toggle switches, buttons, levers and anything else:






Windows in the room no. Its entrance is guarded by several security cordons. It is also interesting that on the night in the center of the control lights go down and the lights at the instruments include


The logic of this action is the same, for which we do not turn on the light inside the car at night, and that during takeoff and landing in the dark pilots turn off interior lighting - that night, that person feels biologically, he had not dulled perception of reality, of becoming " day "-" night. " Ie to adequately respond to emergency at night, it should be seen, and if the light is all around - PE can not see.




Link to source